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1 – 10 of over 1000Uğur Kemiklioğlu, Sermet Demir and Caner Yüksel
Adhesively bonded joints are used in many fields, especially in the automotive, marine, aviation, defense and outdoor industries. Adhesive bonding offers advantages over…
Abstract
Purpose
Adhesively bonded joints are used in many fields, especially in the automotive, marine, aviation, defense and outdoor industries. Adhesive bonding offers advantages over traditional mechanical methods, including the ability to join diverse materials, even load distribution and efficient thermal-electrical insulation. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of adhesively bonded joints, focusing on adherends produced with auxetic and flat surfaces adhered with varying adhesive thicknesses.
Design/methodology/approach
The research uses three-dimensional (3D)-printed materials, polyethylene terephthalate glycol and polylactic acid, and two adhesive types with ductile and brittle properties for single lap joints, analyzing their mechanical performance through tensile testing. The adhesion region of one of these adherends was formed with a flat surface and the other with an auxetic surface. Adhesively bonded joints were produced with 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm bonding thickness.
Findings
Results reveal that auxetic adherends exhibit higher strength compared to flat surfaces. Interestingly, the strength of ductile adhesives in auxetic bonded joints increases with adhesive thickness, while brittle adhesive strength decreases with thicker auxetic bonds. Moreover, the auxetic structure displays reduced elongation under comparable force.
Originality/value
The findings emphasize the intricate interplay between adhesive type, bonded surface configuration of adherend and bonding thickness, crucial for understanding the mechanical behavior of adhesively bonded joints in the context of 3D-printed materials.
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Valerie Nesset, Elisabeth C. Davis, Nicholas Vanderschantz and Owen Stewart-Robertson
Responding to the continuing separation of participants and researchers in LIS participatory research, a new methodology is proposed: action partnership research design (APRD). It…
Abstract
Purpose
Responding to the continuing separation of participants and researchers in LIS participatory research, a new methodology is proposed: action partnership research design (APRD). It is asserted that APRD can mitigate or remove the hierarchical structures often inherent in the research process, thus allowing for equal contribution from all.
Design/methodology/approach
Building on the bonded design (BD) methodology and informed by a scoping literature review conducted by the same authors, APRD is a human-centered research approach with the goal of empowering and valuing community partnerships. APRD originates from research investigating the use of participatory design methods to foster collaboration between two potentially disparate groups, firstly with adult researchers/designers and elementary school children, and secondly with university faculty and IT professionals.
Findings
To achieve this goal, in addition to BD techniques, APRD draws inspiration from elements of indigenous and decolonization research methodologies, particularly those with an emphasis on destabilizing power hierarchies and involving research participants as full partners.
Originality/value
APRD, which emerged from findings from previous participatory design studies, especially those of BD, is based on the premise of partnership, recognizing that each member of a design team, whether researcher or participant/user, has unique expertise to contribute. By considering participants/users as full research partners, APRD aims to flatten the hierarchies exhibited in some LIS participatory research methodologies, where participants are treated more like research subjects than partners.
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Valerie Nesset, Nicholas Vanderschantz, Owen Stewart-Robertson and Elisabeth C. Davis
Through a review of the literature, this article seeks to outline and understand the evolution and extent of user–participant involvement in the existing library and information…
Abstract
Purpose
Through a review of the literature, this article seeks to outline and understand the evolution and extent of user–participant involvement in the existing library and information science (LIS) research to identify gaps and existing research approaches that might inform further methodological development in participant-oriented and design-based LIS research.
Design/methodology/approach
A scoping literature review of LIS research, from the 1960s onward, was conducted, assessing the themes and trends in understanding the user/participant within the LIS field. It traces LIS research from its early focus on information and relevancy to the “user turn”, to the rise of participatory research, especially design-based, as well as the recent inclusion of Indigenous and decolonial methodologies.
Findings
The literature review indicates that despite the reported “user turn”, LIS research often does not include the user as an active and equal participant within research projects.
Originality/value
The findings from this review support the development of alternative design research methodologies in LIS that fully include and involve research participants as full partners – from planning through dissemination of results – and suggests avenues for continuing the development of such design-based research. To that end, it lays the foundations for the introduction of a novel methodology, Action Partnership Research Design (APRD).
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Ping Wei, Jingzi Zhou, Xiaohang Ren and Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary
This paper aims to explore the quantile-specific short- and long-term effects of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the efficiency of the green bond market.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the quantile-specific short- and long-term effects of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the efficiency of the green bond market.
Design/methodology/approach
This study examines the long-term cointegration relationship and the short-term fluctuation relationship of EPU, WTI crude oil price (WTI) and European Union Allowances price (EUA) with the green bond market efficiency (GBE) using the quantile autoregressive distributed lag method. Additionally, the authors analyze the differences before and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Findings
EPU has a significant positive impact on the GBE before the outbreak. However, during the crisis period, the impact of EPU and WTI was greatly weakened, whereas the impact of EUA was strengthened.
Practical implications
This paper demonstrates the dynamics of GBE and its influencing factors under different periods. The findings provide insights for market participants and policymakers to gain a clearer understanding of the green bond market.
Originality/value
This paper extends the study of green bonds by quantifying the GBE and elucidating the nonlinear relationship between efficiency and independent variables at different quantiles over different periods.
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Charles A. Donnelly, Sushobhan Sen, John W. DeSantis and Julie M. Vandenbossche
The time-varying equivalent linear temperature gradient (ELTG) significantly affects the development of faulting and must therefore be accounted for in pavement design. The same…
Abstract
Purpose
The time-varying equivalent linear temperature gradient (ELTG) significantly affects the development of faulting and must therefore be accounted for in pavement design. The same is true for faulting of bonded concrete overlays of asphalt (BCOA) with slabs larger than 3 x 3 m. However, the evaluation of ELTG in Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) BCOA design is highly time-consuming. The use of an effective ELTG (EELTG) is an efficient alternative to calculating ELTG. In this study, a model to quickly evaluate EELTG was developed for faulting in BCOA for panels 3 m or longer in size, whose faulting is sensitive to ELTG.
Design/methodology/approach
A database of EELTG responses was generated for 144 BCOAs at 169 locations throughout the continental United States, which was used to develop a series of prediction models. Three methods were evaluated: multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP). The performance of each method was compared, considering both accuracy and model complexity.
Findings
It was shown that ANNs display the highest accuracy, with an R2 of 0.90 on the validation dataset. MLR and MGGP models achieved R2 of 0.73 and 0.71, respectively. However, these models consisted of far fewer free parameters as compared to the ANNs. The model comparison performed in this study highlights the need for researchers to consider the complexity of models so that their direct implementation is feasible.
Originality/value
This research produced a rapid EELTG prediction model for BCOAs that can be incorporated into the existing faulting model framework.
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Bifu Xiong, Siliang He, Jinguo Ge, Quantong Li, Chuan Hu, Haidong Yan and Yu-An Shen
This paper aims to examine the effects of bonding temperature, bonding time, bonding pressure and the presence of a Pt catalyst on the bonding strength of Cu/SB/P-Cu/SB/Cu joints…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effects of bonding temperature, bonding time, bonding pressure and the presence of a Pt catalyst on the bonding strength of Cu/SB/P-Cu/SB/Cu joints by transient liquid phase bonding (TLPB).
Design/methodology/approach
TLPB is promising to assemble die-attaching packaging for power devices. In this study, porous Cu (P-Cu) foil with a distinctive porous structure and Sn-58Bi solder (SB) serve as the bonding materials for TLPB under a formic acid atmosphere (FA). The high surface area of P-Cu enables efficient diffusion of the liquid phase of SB, stimulating the wetting, spreading and formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs).
Findings
The higher bonding temperature decreased strength due to the coarsening of IMCs. The longer bonding time reduced the bonding strength owing to the coarsened Bi and thickened IMC. Applying optimal bonding pressure improved bonding strength, whereas excessive pressure caused damage. The presence of a Pt catalyst enhanced bonding efficiency and strength by facilitating reduction–oxidation reactions and oxide film removal.
Originality/value
Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of low-temperature TLPB for Cu/SB/P-Cu/SB/Cu joints and provides insights into optimizing bonding strength for the interconnecting materials in the applications of power devices.
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In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of stainless steel (SS) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to its distinctive corrosion resistance and…
Abstract
Purpose
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of stainless steel (SS) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to its distinctive corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties. To ensure effective synergy between SS and concrete, it is necessary to develop a time-saving approach to accurately determine the ultimate bond strength τu between the two materials in RC structures.
Design/methodology/approach
Three robust machine learning (ML) models, including support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), are employed to predict τu between ribbed SS and concrete. Model hyperparameters are fine-tuned using Bayesian optimization (BO) with 10-fold cross-validation. The interpretable techniques including partial dependence plots (PDPs) and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) are also utilized to figure out the relationship between input features and output for the best model.
Findings
Among the three ML models, BO-XGBoost exhibits the strongest generalization and highest accuracy in estimating τu. According to SHAP value-based feature importance, compressive strength of concrete fc emerges as the most prominent feature, followed by concrete cover thickness c, while the embedment length to diameter ratio l/d, and the diameter d for SS are deemed less important features. Properly increasing c and fc can enhance τu between ribbed SS and concrete.
Originality/value
An online graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed based on BO-XGBoost to estimate τu. This tool can be utilized in structural design of RC structures with ribbed SS as reinforcement.
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Yan Zhang, Yongqiang Sun and Nan Wang
This study aims to explore the determinants of viewers’ gifting and social sharing behaviours in online streaming from a dual-attachment perspective and to explain how live…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the determinants of viewers’ gifting and social sharing behaviours in online streaming from a dual-attachment perspective and to explain how live streaming fosters attachment through a social interaction aspect.
Design/methodology/approach
This study conducted an online survey with 316 valid responses to test the research model. The structural equation modelling approach was applied to assess both the measurement and structural models.
Findings
The results show that both bond-based and identity-based attachments promote gifting and social sharing behaviours. Participation and cognitive communion motivate viewers to establish bond-based attachment, while group interaction among viewer crowds encourages viewers to create identity-based attachment. In addition, group interaction can moderate the relationship between participation and bond-based attachment.
Originality/value
This study is one of the earliest attempts to highlight the significance of viewer crowd and viewer-viewer interaction in promoting viewers’ behaviours in live streaming context. This study also indicates that viewer-viewer interaction can moderate the impact of viewer–streamer interaction, which is among the first to investigate the interaction effects of viewer-viewer interaction and viewer–streamer interaction.
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Sven Rehers, Jon Lekander and Ansgar Bernhard Bendiek
This paper compares the benefits of direct international real estate investments in a mixed asset portfolio from the perspective of a passive investor with high and low bond…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper compares the benefits of direct international real estate investments in a mixed asset portfolio from the perspective of a passive investor with high and low bond allocation.
Design/methodology/approach
Due to high data availability and its professionalism, the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund was used as a representative example. Real estate indices from 8 countries were used for the portfolio analysis. The data were desmoothed according to Geltners’s 1993 approach.
Findings
The optimal real estate ratio in the present case is around 20–55%. However, this is strongly dependent on the bond ratio of the multi-asset portfolio. Portfolios with a high equity ratio benefit more from the additional direct real estate investments than portfolios with high bond ratios.
Research limitations/implications
A rebalancing of individual stocks and bonds was not analysed. Only indexes from MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) were available.
Practical implications
Concludes that the weighting of stocks and bonds has a strong influence on the optimal real estate ratio and therefore structural changes that affect this weighting.
Originality/value
The originality of the paper lies in the analysis with different weights of stocks and bonds, the consideration of 8 real estate markets and the observation period. The results of the work highlight areas of interest for further research.
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Michaelia Widjaja, Gaby and Shinta Amalina Hazrati Havidz
This study aims to identify the ability of gold and cryptocurrency (Cryptocurrency Uncertainty Index (UCRY) Price) as safe haven assets (SHA) for stocks and bonds in both…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to identify the ability of gold and cryptocurrency (Cryptocurrency Uncertainty Index (UCRY) Price) as safe haven assets (SHA) for stocks and bonds in both conventional (i.e. stock indices and government bonds) and Islamic markets (i.e. Islamic stock indices and Islamic bonds (IB)).
Design/methodology/approach
The authors employed the nonadditive panel quantile regression model by Powell (2016). It measured the safe haven characteristics of gold and UCRY Price for stock indices, government bonds, Islamic stocks, and IB under gold circumstances and level of cryptocurrency uncertainty, respectively. The period spanned from 11 March 2020 to 31 December 2021.
Findings
This study discovered three findings, including: (1) gold is a strong safe haven for stocks and bonds in conventional and Islamic markets under bearish conditions; (2) UCRY Price is a strong safe haven for conventional stocks and bonds but only a weak safe haven for Islamic stocks under high crypto uncertainty; and (3) gold offers a safe haven in both emerging and developed countries, while UCRY Price provides a better safe haven in developed than in emerging countries.
Practical implications
Gold always wins big for safe haven properties during unstable economy. It can also win over investors who consider shariah compliant products. Therefore, it should be included in an investor's portfolio. Meanwhile, cryptocurrencies are more common for developed countries. Thus, the governments and regulators of emerging countries need to provide more guidance around cryptocurrency so that the societies have better literacy. On top of that, the investors can consider crypto to mitigate risks but with limited safe haven functions.
Originality/value
The originality aspects of this study include: (1) four chosen assets from conventional and Islamic markets altogether (i.e. stock indices, government bonds, Islamic stock indices and IB); (2) indicator countries selected based on the most used and owned cryptocurrencies for the SHA study; and (3) the utilization of UCRY Price as a crypto indicator and a further examination of the SHA study toward four financial assets.
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