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The purpose of this paper is to assess strategy development processes in organizations operating in the Central and Eastern European region, and compare them with those headquartered in Western Europe.

Strategy development processes are measured using a multidimensional scale, incorporating elements of the following six dimensions: command, planning, incremental, political, cultural, and enforced choice. The study includes 366 participants from 52 organizations, with close to 40 percent headquartered in CEE countries.

While responses of western top management were consistent with previous findings, differences prevailed in comparison to the current sample reports of CEE top management. For example, managers in CEE organizations tended to place more emphasis on the top executive, while internal politics were significantly more pronounced in western firms.

Additional variables potentially influencing strategy development processes could be explored, using a more targeted sample.

The results suggest that despite surface level appearances, the overall management trends and business dealings characterizing CEE societies are still not identical to those in the west, highlighting the importance for top management teams to consider local approaches and practices when entering novel markets.

This study addresses a gap in the available literature by concerning strategy development processes through multiple dimensions, and in organizations operating in the relatively under-represented region of CEE countries.

The purpose of this paper is to explore teenagers' and young adults' use of social networking sites (SNS), in light of certain personal, social and educational outcomes and attitudes.

Data were gathered on the basis of surveys, and were analyzed through a series of multivariate models.

It was found that participants' reasons and motivations for online presence varied as a function of gender and age. Different degrees of Facebook usage were linked with different school‐related attitudes. More specifically, more extensive usage was associated with more negative school and peer attitudes; more so for females and for college students. Furthermore, greater reliance on online interactions for social and emotional support was found disadvantageous for college students, while neutral or in some cases beneficial for high school students.

Gender and educational level appear to be important factors explaining some of the variation in school‐related attitudes, and thus should be explored separately.

The differential impact of online presence on school attitudes for college and high school students highlights the need for teachers and student advisors to be sensitive to such transitional groups.

The authors found that more popular students, those often viewed as “opinion leaders”, tended to show more negative school outcomes than less popular students in general; a relevant point for organizations.

Facebook usage and school‐related attitudes were observed simultaneously in high school and college populations studying in Budapest, Hungary.

The current paper aims to embrace an interdisciplinary approach to illustrate some of the ways in which virtual worlds expanded upon the individual, social and professional options of employees in organizational settings.

Through an extensive literature review, the paper compiles the latest and most fundamental research capturing relevant concepts from the fields of psychology, pedagogy, management and human-computer interaction.

The current conceptual model incorporates individual- and group-level outcomes associated with virtual world participation, along three primary dimensions, namely self-reference, role experimentation and social capital, accounting for potential variation based on the extent of organizational engagement.

The three proposed dimensions elaborated in the current model, including reflexivity/transference, role playing/role identification, and group collaboration/virtual teams, enable organizations to understand the likely outcomes of their virtual presence from the perspective of their structural and social attributes.

The proposed conceptual model offers a theoretical base for academics and practitioners to expand upon and develop concrete practical examples and cases.

The main purpose of the study was to assess the entrepreneurial orientation based on personality and attitude of female aspirant human resources in India.

For collecting primary data, the scale on entrepreneurial attitude orientation developed by Robinson et al. (1991) was used. Statistical tools such as correlations, analysis of variance, means, grand means, standard deviations and percentages were used for the analysis of the primary data gathered from 500 female respondents.

The results showed the highest score of the female respondents on the achievement motivation as compared to other three personality descriptors and lowest but positive score on the self-esteem dimension. Among attitude components, the cognition had emerged as highest. MBAs showed comparatively less entrepreneurial orientation than other categories of female aspirants. Results indicated that lower age, lower educational qualifications and high socioeconomic status supported the entrepreneurship.

The study was limited to only four personality traits and three attitude components. Another limitation of the study was that the data were collected from North India that could have been collected from the wider area.

The study will be helpful to the female aspirant participants to decide whether to choose managerial or entrepreneurial careers. By taking cues from this study, educators can build curriculum and develop programs to encourage and empower future female entrepreneurs.

Inclusion of Indian female aspirants of different backgrounds will definitely add value to the existing knowledge, management theory and practice.

The paper aims to explore the internationalisation decision-making of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owner/managers. Specifically, structural alignment theory (SAT) and regulatory focus theory (RFT) are utilised to examine the concept of opportunity recognition in the context of internationalisation choices.

This paper is conceptual in nature, and an integrative cognitive model of internationalisation choice decisions is developed based on SAT and RFT, underpinned by a critical review of the international entrepreneurship (IE) literature.

Scenarios are identified in which the structure of available information may affect the decision-evaluation process in terms of cognitive resource requirements. Further, the SME owner/manager’s motivational goal orientation is suggested to moderate the role of the information structure in line with IE literature. A conceptual model and propositions are presented.

The conceptual model and the propositions arising from the discussion in this paper offer new directions of research to explore SME internationalisation.

This paper offers a cognitive perspective of SME internationalisation. This paper offers insights for policymakers, SME owner/managers, practitioners and researchers alike. For internationalisation decisions, this paper highlights the potential impact of the structure of information that is made available to SME owner/managers by industry or policy bodies; further, the moderating influence of motivational goal orientation may inform policy on how information should be presented to SME owner/managers to aid their decision-making.

The purpose of this study is to examine how different disciplines and sectors approach creativity, and how to improve cross-domain collaboration efficiency. Creativity is one of the most important factors that hugely contributes to the growth of economy, and the key to the modern organisation’s survival. There are considerable differences between disciplines regarding how they approach creativity since each discipline has a methodology which is designed to develop new ideas. Specialisation of disciplines can create difficulties when they start to interact in collaborations. Differences between sectors (Industry, Academia, Arts and Public) in definition of creativity, creativity measurement, management and collaboration motivators can hinder cross-sector collaboration efficiency.

A questionnaire was distributed over the Internet, and statistical tests were performed to find differences between groups how they view various dimensions of creativity.

By analysing various disciplines, the study revealed significant differences between the reward system, the creativity measurement, the required management support and the way how various disciplines solve complex problems. Sector analysis revealed significant differences in creativity quantification, personal traits, sensitivity to idea ownership, composition and size of the ideal team, communication and incentives to increase creativity.

In this study, only Internet users were sampled, and the majority of respondent were from Europe working in academic environment.

Misalignment of forces between disciplines causes inefficient cross- and multi-disciplinary collaborations, while inter-sector misalignment results in unproductive inter-disciplinary and trans-disciplinary teamwork. Special emphasis has to be placed on external factor, creativity measurement and collaboration motivator adjustment that were the most misaligned across the analysed groups.

The study indicates that to increase collaboration, efficiency factors that were scrutinised in this project have to be aligned across disciplines and sectors.

The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the relationship between perceived social-organizational climate (PSOC), organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) of other employees and innovative workplace behaviors (IWB) initiated and performed by employees. The mediating role of person-organization fit (P-O Fit) is tested within the relationship of PSOC, OCB and IWB.

The study was conducted anonymously on a group of 246 employees from 76 companies operating in Poland. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in the process of statistical analysis.

The research confirmed a significant statistical relationship between IWB and all studied variables: PSOC, OCB and P-O Fit. On the basis of the analysis, using SEM, it may be concluded that PSOC and OCB of other employees have an indirect influence on IWB, via P-O Fit.

A cross-sectional design and use of self-reported questionnaire data are limitations of this study.

The combination of variables presented in the research model may explain the significance of the chosen determinants of behaviors which are the key ones from the perspective of the company’s effectiveness and competitiveness on the market. The results of this research extend the knowledge in the area of relationships of innovation in the workplace with aspects of social functioning in the organization.

The Purpose of this study is to provide an alternative way to create customer valuation metric while accounting for customer riskiness. Customer relationship management (CRM) emphasizes the importance of measuring customer value. Analytics has paved the way for innovation by providing companies valuable insights into the behavior of customers. Earlier models used to measure customer value do not take into account the types and level of risk posed by customers, such as probability of churn, regularity of purchases, etc. The authors put forth a new and innovative approach to measuring customer value while, at the same time, adjusting for customer riskiness.

Using a non-parametric approach used in the operations research area, the authors create a risk-adjusted regency, frequency, monetary value (RARFM) score for each customer. These scores are used to segment the customers into two groups – customers with high and low RARFM scores. The authors then identify the underlying demographics and behavioral characteristics that separate the two groups.

Findings of this paper indicate that customers who perform the best on the RARFM metric tend to be more experienced, and are more likely to exhibit behavioral tendencies that help them perform well in their jobs, such as purchasing promotional goods that act as sales aid and enhance their performance.

The paper is innovative in its approach in terms of creating a new metric for calculating customer value. Few papers have proposed ways to handle and adjust for customer riskiness. Here, the authors propose three kinds of customer risk. Current paper provides a twist to traditional RFM analysis by creating a RARFM score for each customer, and provides a scientific way of assigning weights to RFM.