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This conceptual article presents a theoretical approach to understanding the atmosphere at sports stadiums. Using the environmental psychology behavioural model proposed by Mehrabian & Russell (1974), and taking into account recent findings in consumer research, we develop a comprehensive framework for investigating this atmosphere. The framework highlights the role of emotions elicited by different stimuli in sports stadiums. We also suggest a number of direct and indirect influences on behavioural outcomes, caused by the emotional reactions and personal predispositions of spectators - influences that are of economic relevance. The proposed framework also forms a starting point for future empirical studies.

The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention considering the effect of evolutionary psychology. The study believes that biases are not at all times bad; sometimes, biases can assist the individual investor to select the top course of action and allow them to go for the less costly mistakes, thereby helping in achieving satisficing behaviour.

Data were collected using structured and a close-ended questionnaire from a sample of 560 respondents by using multi-stage stratified sampling method. PLS-SEM was used for preliminary validation of the questionnaire. Mediation model using the structural equation model (SEM) with the help of AMOS 20 was used for the analyses. Pre-requisite assumptions for SEM were checked by using sample characteristics. The study has three constructs with multiple items; hence, the instrument validation was done by measuring the construct validity and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis with the help of SPSS 20 and AMOS 20.

The study confirms that behavioural biases influence investment decisions in the real estate market. Further, investment satisfaction is found to have a significant and complementary partial mediating effect. The positive mediating effect of investment satisfaction between behavioural biases and reinvestment intention shows that biases are natural tendencies in response to limit to learning which can be explained by evolutionary psychology.

There are chances that the result obtained here is because of myopic decision-making behaviour in which the long-time horizon is not considered and behavioural biases, as well as evolutionary psychology, are adaptive, so the result may change in the long-time horizon, which seeks further investigations. The study talked about the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention; it will be interesting to bring some more constructs in this model, for example, investment intention and reinvestment behaviour; this can deliver a more precise picture in this regard.

Understanding such relationships will help in better clarity about the way investment is made. The study confirms that market behaviour in the real estate market is sub-optimal, which shows that there is an opportunity for attentive investors by trading and gathering on information. Real estate practitioners can get clues from market anomalies and investor phenomena; understanding these may suggest ways to use them in the market.

Reforms in the housing sector do not only satisfy one of the basic needs but also leads to holistic economic development. Besides direct contribution, it contributes to social capital.

The study extends the current knowledge base about the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention. This study investigates the behavioural biases influencing the real estate market investment decisions of non-professional investors considering the effect of evolutionary psychology.

George Loewenstein, a prominent behavioral economist, recalls thatIn 1994, when Thaler, Camerer, Rabin, Prelec and I spent the year at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, we had a meeting to make a kind of final decision about what to call what we were doing. Remarkably, at that time, the name behavioral economics was not yet well established. I actually advocated “psychological economics,” and Thaler was strong on behavioral economics. I'm kind of glad that he prevailed; I think it's a better, catchier, label, although it creates confusion due to association with Behaviorism. (G. Loewenstein, personal email to author, June 16, 2008)

This chapter conducts a systematic comparison of behavioral economics’s challenges to the standard accounts of economic behaviors within three dimensions: under risk, over time, and regarding other people. A new perspective on two underlying methodological issues, i.e., inter-disciplinarity and the positive/normative distinction, is proposed by following the entanglement thesis of Hilary Putnam, Vivian Walsh, and Amartya Sen. This thesis holds that facts, values, and conventions have inter-dependent meanings in science which can be understood by scrutinizing formal and ordinary language uses. The goal is to provide a broad and self-contained picture of how behavioral economics is changing the mainstream of economics.

Using a dictator game, we examine the other‐regarding behavior of allocators, who are given the responsibility of unilaterally making an allocation decision without consultation on behalf of a two‐person group between their group and another group. We then contrast the behavior of the same individuals in an analogous interindividual situation. We also explore other‐regarding perceptions of passive recipients, who are asked to give behavioral forecasts of how they would behave if assigned the allocator role and how they think their allocators would behave. Gender differences are found in both behavior and perceptions. Males are significantly more self‐interested and less other‐regarding when they are responsible for a group, while females behave similarly under both conditions. Female recipients' forecasts of their own behavior are significantly higher than both their expectations of allocators and the actual female behavior observed in the experiment. Both male and female recipients underestimate the other‐regarding behavior of allocators.

The purpose of this study was to explore the foundational theories in human resource development (HRD) by reviewing the literature from an HRD perspective. The following research questions guide the study: What are the core theories related to adult and professional education, organizational development and strategic HRD? What are the conceptual frameworks associated with adult and professional education, organizational development and strategic HRD? How have these theories and conceptual frameworks applied the research and practice of HRD?

This study reviewed the HRD definitions and core theories. The core theories and conceptual frameworks related to adult and professional education, organizational development and strategic human resource development were described. The application of these theories and conceptual frameworks to the research and practice of HRD was addressed.

The psychology theories that were explored were the adult learning theories, and that gestalt-psychology, behavioral psychology and cognitive psychology were illustrated. Systems theory was explored and explained in relation to organization development. Economic theory was explored and explained focusing on human capital theory; and it was demonstrated how economic theory is associated with strategic HRD.

The core-theory description and linking to adult and professional education, organizational development and strategic HRD may give understanding of the HRD foundations and ethical perspective that is essential for both scholars and professionals. The conceptual frameworks presented can be used to help facilitate discussions on developing or implementing HRD programs.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ethical implications of video game companies employing psychologists and using psychological research in game design.

The author first argues that exploiting psychology in video games may be more ethically problematic than familiar application domains like advertising, gambling and political rhetoric. Then an overview of the effects particular types of game design may have on user behavior is provided, taking into account various findings and phenomena from behavioral psychology and behavioral economics.

Finally, the author concludes that the corresponding ethical problems cannot – and should not – be addressed by means of regulation or rating systems. The author argues instead that a more promising countermeasure lies in using the same psychological research to educate gamers (children in particular) and thereby increase their capacity for meta-cognition.

The importance of this lies in the tremendous effect these behavior-modifying technologies may have upon our self-determination, well-being and social relations, as well as corresponding implications for the society.

Starting in the 1980s, financial liberalization and technological developments have enabled individual investors to participate in financial markets and carry out easy transactions. With these developments, academics began to wonder how the individual investors decide to invest and what factors affect these decisions.

According to traditional finance theory, it is suggested that markets are efficient and investors show rational behaviors in their financial purchasing decisions. However, in many studies conducted in recent years, it was determined that investors included emotional elements as well as rational elements in their decision-making process and therefore exhibited irrational behaviors by believing rumors instead of real information. It is thought that many factors such as personal characteristics, psychological factors, demographic and socio-economic factors play a role in the behavior of investors in purchasing a financial product.

In this study, the importance of herd behavior, which is one of the psychological factors that play a very important role in financial markets, on financial product purchasing process is examined in the light of the behavioral finance theory. It is thought that information included in the study will be useful for researchers who want to study herd behavior and for those who are interested in the subject.

Libraries supporting a forensic psychology undergraduate and/or graduate level college program need to collect materials from a range of disciplines – psychology, law, psychiatry and criminal justice. This guide identifies the major reference works, journals, databases and other resources that should be in a good forensic psychology collection.