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This paper aims to explore the effect of three destination competitiveness attributes: core resources and attractors, supporting factors and destination management on the tourist perceived behavioral control, perceived value, trust and tourists’ intention to visit halal tourism destination in Indonesia.

Quantitative data is collected by conducting an online survey. Using data from 244 Muslim respondents in Indonesia, this study applies a partial least square-structural equation modeling to test and estimate relationships among variables.

The results show that perceived behavioral control, perceived value and trust directly influences the intention to visit halal tourism. Subsequently, supporting factors also directly affect the intention to visit halal tourism, whereas the other attributes of destination competitiveness that is core resources and attractors and destination management have an indirect relationship or act as mediating variable to the intention. Destination management performs as a driving force of intention to visit halal tourism through the three variables, namely, perceived behavioral control, perceived value and trust. Meanwhile, core resources and attractors only have an indirect relationship through trust.

There are limitations of the data collection, the respondent of the survey in this study is Muslim tourist, for wider range of region the study should also be conduct not only for Muslim respondent but also non-Muslim respondent to get comprehensive data of halal tourism market in Indonesia.

This study provides insights to the government and stakeholders about domestic tourist intentions toward halal tourism destinations. This study also makes some recommendations for elements that can be used to increase tourist acknowledgement of halal tourism, acquire the domestic tourist market and increase state revenue through halal tourism.

This study has substantial implications; halal tourism in Indonesia has a promising economic future. The tourism industry is not only intended to increase government revenue but has also contributed to environmental sustainability. The study reveals the significance of destination management in halal tourism. Hence, to make Indonesia a leading country in halal tourism, Indonesia needs to fulfill the tourism destination competitiveness among others to implement sustainable tourism and enhance the infrastructure, promotion, services and environmental aspects.

This study offers a framework model related to halal tourism focus on destination competitiveness as part of the knowledge contributions. Besides, the findings of the study can be the references for the stakeholders to take any strategic decision with regards to attract tourists’ intention to visit halal tourism destinations.

The physiological and psychological issues that limit people with vision impairment make it difficult for them to participate in tourism activities and enjoy the various benefits of tourism. This study aims to construct a theoretical model of the tourism-influencing factors that can lead to problems for people with vision impairment to meet their travel desires and improve their enjoyment of life.

This study adopted a mixed-methods approach. A theoretical model of the tourism-influencing factors for people with vision impairment was constructed based on grounded theoretical analysis of interviews and was then tested in a quantitative survey.

In the first stage, a new theoretical model of the tourism-influencing factors for people with vision impairment was conducted. In the second stage, five research hypotheses arising from the theoretical model were tested in a quantitative survey. The results show that internal psychological perception, perceived behavioural control and perceived social intention have a significant positive impact on the tourism intention behaviour of people with vision impairment. However, subjective norms do not significantly influence the tourism behaviour intention of people with vision impairment.

The right to tourism should be available to disabled as well as to able-bodied people. Few tourism research studies have focused on people with vision impairment, and the influencing factors on the behaviour of people with vision impairment have not received due attention. This study extends the theoretical model of the theory of planned behaviour and provides a new perspective for understanding the travel behaviour intention of people with vision impairment.

视障者受生理和心理问题的限制, 较难参与旅游活动并享受旅游带来的各种好处。本研究旨在构建出视障者旅游行为影响因素理论模型, 以满足视障群体的旅游需求, 并提高他们的生活幸福感。

本研究采用混合研究方法。以访谈为基础进行扎根理论分析, 构建出视障者旅游行为影响因素的理论模型, 并通过定量研究验证模型。

第一阶段, 构建了视障者旅游行为影响因素的新理论模型。第二阶段, 根据构建出的理论模型提出五个研究假设, 并通过定量研究进行验证。研究结果显示内在心理感知、知觉行为控制和社会支持感知对视障者旅游行为意向存在显著正向影响, 而主观规范对视障者旅游行为意向的影响不显著。

视障者同健全者拥有平等的旅游权利。但旅游研究中针对视障群体的研究很少, 对视障者旅游行为影响因素的研究更未得到应有的重视。本研究拓展了计划行为理论模型, 为理解视障者旅游行为意向提供了新的视角。

La limitación de los problemas físicos y psicológicos de las personas con discapacidad visual, dificulta su participación en actividades turísticas y el disfrute de los beneficios del turismo. El objetivo de este estudio es construir un modelo teórico de los factores que influyen en el turismo y que puedan causar problemas a las personas con discapacidad visual para satisfacer sus deseos turísticos y mejorar su disfrute de la vida.

En este estudio se utilizó un método mixto. Sobre la base del análisis de la teoría de la raíz de la entrevista, se construye el modelo teórico de los factores que influyen en el turismo de las personas con discapacidad visual.

En la primera etapa, se establece un nuevo modelo teórico sobre los factores que influyen en el turismo de las personas con discapacidad visual. En la segunda etapa, se investigan cuantitativamente las cinco hipótesis de investigación presentadas por el modelo teórico. Los resultados mostraron que la percepción psicológica interna, el control del comportamiento percibido y la intención social percibida tenían un efecto positivo significativo en el comportamiento de la intención turística de los pacientes con discapacidad visual. Sin embargo, las normas subjetivas no tienen un efecto significativo en la intención de comportamiento turístico de las personas con discapacidad visual.

Las personas con discapacidad y las personas sanas tienen derecho al turismo. Pocas investigaciones turísticas se centran en las personas con discapacidad visual, y no se presta la debida atención a los factores que influyen en el comportamiento de las personas con discapacidad visual. Este estudio amplió el modelo teórico de la teoría del comportamiento planificado y proporcionó una nueva perspectiva para entender la intención de comportamiento de viaje de las personas con discapacidad visual.

This study aims to explore the most salient contributors to residents' support for tourism. As such, the authors measure residents' fear and risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and residents' animosity towards tourists as predictors of attitudinal, intentional and behavioural support for tourism in China, Malaysia, Kazakhstan and Iran.

An online survey of 1,318 respondents across four countries was conducted, with data analysed using structural equation modelling.

This study shows that residents' perceptions about tourism development vary in different countries based on the impact of COVID-19, even though some factors, such as perceived risk and fear of COVID-19, have a similar effect on residents' attitudes and intentions to support tourism.

Only residents from four countries participated due to the collaborative effort of researchers from these specific countries.

Insight into residents' perceptions and responses to COVID-19 can aid policymakers and managers in developing effective crisis recovery strategies.

The data from this study can serve as a foundation for future research to examine residents' attitudes and support towards tourism during the post-COVID-19 period.

Unlocking the unrevealing of residents' perceptions and coping mechanisms towards tourists during the pandemic, this research shines a light on their crucial role in the revival of the tourism industry. With an exclusive focus on residents' attitudes and behaviours, this study stands out amongst the few that delve into this crucial aspect of post-pandemic recovery.

Based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this paper aims to investigate the effects of residents’ place attachment (PA), subjective norms (SNs) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) on their attitudes towards behaviour (AB) and behavioural intention to support tourism (BI). This paper aims to examine whether residents’ AB mediate the relationships between BI and PA, SNs and PBC.

The results are obtained using a quantitative method based on data gathered from self-administered questionnaires completed by 406 residents of Hongcun, a Chinese traditional village.

The TPB is successfully used to explain Chinese traditional village residents BI. The findings extend the extant research and render the TPB more widely applicable. This study confirms that the inclusion of PA within the framework of the TPB is valid and satisfactory, demonstrating continued support for the coupling of complementary theories to explain tourism development from a resident perspective. Finally, this study extends the literature on residents’ PA and demonstrates its impact on their attitudes and consequent reactions, thus supplementing the limited evidence on PA as a direct predictor of residents’ BI. Specifically, SNs are the critical factor affecting residents’ AB and their BI. Residents’ AB only mediate the relationship between SNs and their BI.

This paper only includes PA within the framework of the TPB. More constructs should be incorporated to deepen the understanding of residents’ BI. In addition, the data were only collected in a traditional village.

This paper is one of the first studies to combine PA with the TPB in research on residents’ BI in a developing country – in this instance, China.

摘要

基于计划行为理论, 本研究探索了传统村落居民之地方依恋、主观规范和感知行为控制对于其行为态度和支持旅游行为意向的影响作用; 同时本研究亦探究了居民之行为态度在地方依恋、主观规范和感知行为控制与其支持旅游行为意向之间的中介作用。

本研究采用定量的研究方法, 对从中国传统村落——宏村所收集到的406份有效问卷进行统计分析, 形成结论。

本研究发现计划行为理论能够成功解释中国传统村落居民支持旅游行为意向, 进一步拓展了该理论的运用范围。首先, 本研究将地方依恋纳入计划行为理论, 构筑两者之间的理论联系, 打通了原本相互之间独立的两个理论之间的理论逻辑关联, 为后续的相关领域的研究提供了更加扎实的理论依据; 其次, 本研究也进一步拓展已有关于居民地方依恋的研究, 也进一步验证了其对于居民行为态度和支持旅游行为意向的影响作用; 最后, 主观规范在对于居民的行为态度和支持旅游行为意向施最为重要的一个影响因素, 同时主观规范还可以通过行为态度间接影响支持旅游行为意向。

本研究仅仅将地方依恋纳入计划行为理论, 应当考虑将更多的影响因素纳入研究范畴, 同时, 本研究的样本仅仅在宏村一地收集, 后续研究应该扩大案例地的范围进行样本的收集。

本研究是为数不多的将地方依恋纳入计划行为理论研究框架, 来探索发展中国家居民支持旅游行为意向的研究之一。

Basando en la teoría de la conducta planificada, este texto investiga los efectos de apego a un lugar, normas subjetivas y control conductual percibido de los residentes sobre sus actitudes hacia la conducta y hacia la intención conductual para apoyar el turismo. Este texto también examina si las actitudes de residentes hacia la conducta intervienen las relaciones entre la intención conductual para apoyar el turismo y apego a un lugar, normas subjetivas y control conductual percibido.

Los resultados se obtienen usando un método cuantitativo basado en los datos recopilados de los cuestionarios autoadministrados completados por 406 residentes de Hongcun, un pueblo tradicional de china.

La teoría de la conducta planificada está utilizada exitosamente para explicar la intención conductual de los residentes de pueblo tradicional de China hacia el apoyo al turismo. Estas conclusiones extienden la investigación existente y deje que la conducta planificada sea aplicada más ampliamente. Este estudio confirma que la inclusión del apego al lugar dentro del marco de la teoría de la conducta planificada es válida y satisfactoria, demostrando el apoyo continuo para el acoplamiento de las teorías complementarias para explicar el desarrollo del turismo a partir de una perspectiva de residente. Finalmente, esta investigación extiende la literatura en el apego al lugar de los residentes y demuestra su impacto en sus actitudes y reacciones consecuentes, complementando así la evidencia limitada en el apego al lugar como un índice de previsión directo de la intención conductual sobre el apoyo al turismo. Especialmente, las normas subjetivas son factores clave que afectan las actitudes de los residentes hacia la conducta y su intención conductual sobre el apoyo al turismo. Las actitudes de los residentes hacia la conducta sólo intervienen la relación entre las normas subjetivas y su intención conductual sobre el apoyo al turismo.

Este texto sólo incluye el apego al lugar dentro del marco de la teoría de la conducta planificada. Se debería incorporar más constructos para profundizar la comprensión sobre la intención conductual de los residentes sobre el apoyo al turismo. Además, los datos sólo fueron recopilados en un pueblo tradicional.

Este texto es uno de los estudios líderes que combina el apego al lugar con la teoría de la conducta planificada para investigar la intención conductual de los residentes sobre el apoyo al turismo en un país en desarrollo - en esta instancia, China.

The purpose of this paper is to examine halal certification for halal culinary, destination brand and emotional experiences on customer satisfaction and behavioral intention.

This study uses a quantitative survey approach to 400 respondents consisting of Muslim foreign and domestic tourists who had visited Lombok in the past three years. The sampling technique is by purposive sampling. The analysis technique used in this study is structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS).

The findings showed that halal certification has no effect on customer satisfaction but on influenced behavioral intention, destination brand of Lombok had no effect on customer satisfaction; customer satisfaction influenced behavioral intention and emotional experiences affected customer satisfaction and behavioral intention.

This study collects data from respondents both domestic and foreign tourists simultaneously. However, the data acquisition of respondents and foreign tourists is not balanced. Thus, this study analyzes tourists in general, not distinguished between foreign and domestic tourists.

The government and tourism organizers in Lombok need to provide socialization for domestic and foreign tourists on the need to choose halal-certified food and drinks to ensure halal and hygiene. In addition, so that the destination image of Lombok can provide a beautiful experience that becomes a moment of the truth, then the local government should improve its service strategy holistically.

Destination image needs to be improved. This requires holistic tourism quality services so that the social community knows that Indonesia has a halal tourism destination that exists as tourists come from the airport to the hotel and enjoy food in restaurants and tourist attractions that are Muslim friendly.

This paper contributes to filling the void in the literature related to tourism management that is linked to tourism in the aftermath of natural disasters, where empirical studies on halal tourism are on the rise. Therefore, respondents in the study were specific, that is, those who had traveled. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of a kind that includes behavioral intention in tourist destinations after natural disasters in the Indonesian context.

This study aims to examine the empirical linkages among emotional experiences, national identity and behavioural intentions for red tourism in China.

Partial least squares structural equation modelling was applied to data from two rounds of surveys of 1,095 on-site visitors to Zunyi and Yan’an, two well-known red tourism cities in China.

Emotional experiences significantly affect national identity, with positive emotions significantly affecting national identity. Positive emotions also significantly influenced behavioural intentions, national identity positively influenced behavioural intentions and national pride mediated the relationship of “positive emotion → behavioural intentions”. In addition, previous experience played a moderating role in the relationship of “positive emotion → national pride”.

This research produced new insights on red tourism emotional experiences by clarifying its types, connotations and influences. It contributes to a better understanding of national identity antecedents and outcomes in red tourism. Findings revealed the significant role of red tourism in cultivating national identity and provide implications for academic research and practical development of red tourism.

本研究旨在考察中国红色旅游者的情绪体验、国家认同和行为意向之间的影响关系及其作用机制。

采用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM), 对来自中国红色旅游圣地——遵义和延安的1095名现场游客的问卷调查数据进行了统计分析。

情绪体验对国家认同会产生显著影响。其中, 积极情感会显著正向影响国家认同。同时, 积极情感也会对行为意向产生显著正向影响。此外, 国家认同对行为意向具有积极影响, 且国家自豪感在“积极情感→行为意图”的影响关系中充当中介作用。最后, 研究还发现旅游经历在“积极情感→国家自豪感”的影响关系中具有显著的调节作用。

本研究通过阐明红色旅游情绪体验的类型、内涵及其影响关系, 为深入理解红色旅游情绪体验提供了一个全新的视角。同时, 文章还进一步厘清了红色旅游情境中国家认同感的形成前因和影响结果的作用机理。研究结论揭示了红色旅游在培育国家认同感方面的重要价值, 并为红色旅游的学术研究和实践发展提供了重要启示。

Esta investigación examinó los vínculos empíricos entre las experiencias emocionales, la identidad nacional y las intenciones de comportamiento para del turismo rojo en China.

Se aplicó el análisis de ecuaciones estructurales basado en mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS - SEM) a los datos recogidos mediante dos rondas de encuestas realizadasa 1.095 visitantes in situ en Zunyi y Yan'an, dos conocidas ciudades de turismo rojo de China.

Las experiencias emocionales afectan significativamente a la identidad nacional, y las emociones positivas influyen significativamente en la identidad nacional. Las emociones positivas también influyeron significativamente en las intenciones de comportamiento; la identidad nacional influyó positivamente en las intenciones de comportamiento y el orgullo nacional medió la relación “emoción positiva → intenciones de comportamiento”. Además, la experiencia previa desempeñó un papel moderador en la relación “emoción positiva → orgullo nacional”.

Esta investigación aportó nuevos hallazgos sobre las experiencias emocionales del turismo rojo al aclarar sus tipos, connotaciones e influencias. Contribuye a una mejor comprensión de los antecedentes y resultados de la identidad nacional en el turismo rojo. Los resultados de la investigación revelan el importante papel del turismo rojo en el cultivo de la identidad nacional y ofrecen implicaciones para la investigación académica y el desarrollo práctico del turismo rojo.

This study examines the relationship between food experience, emotion, place attachment, and tourists' revisit behavioral intention. A survey questionnaire is conducted on-site in Lukang and distributed to 408 tourists. The dimensions of food experience are established through factor analysis, and a hypothesized model of the relationships between the constructs is tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that tourists' food experiences included local flavor, media recommendation, local learning, life transfer, and interpersonal sharing. In addition, food experience has a significant impact on emotion and place attachment, and emotion has a substantial effect on place attachment. Finally, place attachment significantly impacts tourists' revisit behavioral intention. The study makes a significant theoretical contribution by identifying food experience, emotion, and place attachment as the salient predictors of heritage tourists' revisit intention. Furthermore, the study suggests that food experiences enhance effective bonding at tourism destinations.

Using the modified theory of planned behavior, this study aims to understand residents’ supporting or rejecting mindsets toward legalizing gambling in Kinmen, Taiwan, where exists a complex and somewhat contradictory relationships between economic growth and the preservation of the natural environment in the context of tourism specifically to small island destinations. This study develops a convenience sampling procedure in which 365 questionnaires are collected. A series of hypotheses tests are conducted via structural equation modeling. This study notices that perceived behavioral control is the most important attribute affecting behavioral intention. However, behavioral intention does not necessarily lead to actual behavior. Attitude is considered as a more reliable predictor of actual action. Attitude relied heavily on positive perceived behavioral control. Further, the respondents are concerned more about how legalizing gambling affects their current lifestyle.

Indonesians are known for their unique behaviour and willingness to travel abroad for healthcare treatments. More than half of the healthcare “tourists” who travel to Malaysia come from Indonesia, followed in numbers by those in India, Japan, and China, Libya, the UK, Australia, USA, Bangladesh and the Philippines. Malaysia is also geographically located near two Indonesian main islands, i.e. North Sumatera and North Kalimantan. These reasons contribute to making Indonesia one of the most productive healthcare consumers in Malaysia. This study aims to examine these Indonesian consumers’ through the use of behavioural lenses to examine their medical tourism experiences in Malaysia, its neighbouring country.

The theory of planned behaviour is used as the basis of these analyses and hypotheses development. In total, 7 variables and 18 indicators that built both the exogenous and endogenous variables were developed from previous literature. Through a purposive sampling technique, the authors collected 200 samples of individuals where each respondent must at least have been to Malaysia once for medical treatments related to a general check-up, cardiovascular, cancer, orthopaedics, nervous systems or dental problems. A partial least squares – structural equation modelling analysis was carried out to examine both the measurement model and the structural model.

Behavioural belief positively affects the attitude of Indonesian patients and their intentions to visit Malaysia for medical treatment, i.e. attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. Results show that as individuals, Indonesians have a strong belief that undergoing medical treatment in Malaysia will be more favourable than having that same medical treatment in Indonesia. The study also shows that people who are considered important to patients, e.g. family members or relatives, significantly influence their intention to visit Malaysian medical institutions. The authors also found that patients’ resources and capabilities – e.g. financial strength, supporting infrastructures and time availability – are essential factors for Indonesian patients to choose medical tourism and to visit Malaysia as their venue for medical services.

The results of this study are consistent with the previous research, which has shown that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control positively affect visit intention. The results also suggest new interesting theoretical findings that Indonesia’s medical tourist intention to visit Malaysia is most strongly caused by subjective norms followed by individual attitudes and perceived behavioural control, all reasons that are identical to Japanese medical tourists’ visiting South Korea for similar purposes. Indeed, there are similar behavioural practices and beliefs among both Indonesian and Japanese medical tourists, despite the gap existing in these two countries’ economies.

The study proposes two managerial implications using its findings. First, this study can be a basis for the Malaysian medical tourism business to better understand Indonesian medical tourists’ behaviour when visiting their country. The study explicitly suggests that it is both collective and individual beliefs that drive Indonesian patients, who have the sufficient resources, to visit Malaysia because of better quality and affordability available there compared to Indonesian medical services. Second, this study raises a fundamental question about Indonesian stakeholders in the medical industry. In the near future, this type of medical tourism behaviour will, without a doubt, affect the Indonesian economy at large.

The contributions of this study are twofold. First, compared to previous studies that focussed specifically on the developed countries, this study focusses on Indonesian consumers’ point of view as an emerging country towards Malaysia’s medical tourism business. Second, this study provides quantifiable insights on the Indonesia-Malaysia medical tourism phenomenon, which previously has been frequently discussed, but only using a qualitative exploratory approach.

The purpose of this study is twofold. The first objective is to identify the factors that affect Gen Z tourists' M-payment behaviour. Next, this study investigates the inter-relationship between Gen Z tourist’s perception of M-payment benefits, adoption behaviour, usage risk and future usage intention.

The sample comprised Malaysian Gen Z individuals (n = 326) who had experience using M-payment methods while travelling outbound. Given the complex nature of the model and the goal to predict and explain relationships within Gen Z's M-payment usage, partial-least square-structural equation modelling was used to assess the study framework and test the proposed relationships.

This study reveals significant influences on Gen Z tourists' behavioural intentions towards M-payment usage. Perceived benefits, performance expectancy, social influence and perceived trust positively impact behavioural intentions, while effort expectancy exhibits no significant effect. Furthermore, perceived trust is strongly influenced by perceived security, which also positively influences behavioural intentions. A mediated relationship is evident as trust mediating the effect of perceived security on behavioural intentions.

This study’s findings contribute to understanding the intricate relationships influencing Gen Z's M-payment behaviour and underscore trust's pivotal role in mediating the security–behavioural intention relationship.

This study is among the first to consider Mental Accounting Theory and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as crucial underpinning theories in comprehending the intricate relationships that influence Gen Z travellers' perceptions and behaviours concerning M-payment systems.