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Article
Publication date: 6 July 2015

Quan-Quan Wang, Hong-Bo Zhu, Ru-Shan Chen and Yun-Qin Hu

Analysis of the frequency selective surface (FSS) is of great significance. In the method of moments, when the electric size of the FSS increases, huge in-core memory and CPU time…

Abstract

Purpose

Analysis of the frequency selective surface (FSS) is of great significance. In the method of moments, when the electric size of the FSS increases, huge in-core memory and CPU time are required. The purpose of this paper is to efficiently analyze the finite FSS backed by dielectric substrate utilizing sub-entire-domain (SED) basis function method.

Design/methodology/approach

Different types of SED basis functions are generated according to the locations of the cells in the entire structure, and a reduced system is constructed and solved. The couplings of all cells of the FSS are taken into account by using Green’s function and Galerkin’s test procedure. The spatial Green’s function is obtained with the discrete complex image method. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the FSS are calculated using the far field of the FSS and the metallic plate with the same size.

Findings

Moderate problems of the finite FSS backed by dielectric substrate are solved with the SED basis function method. The original problem can be simplified to two smaller problems. It enables a significant reduction to the matrix size and storage, and efficient analysis of FSS can be performed. The band-stop type of FSS can be composed of periodic conductive patch cells on the dielectric substrate, and shows total reflection property at the resonant frequency.

Originality/value

The SED basis function method is mostly used to analyze periodic PEC structures in free space. The layered medium Green’s function is successfully employed and several dielectric substrate backed finite FSSs are discussed in this paper. The calculation of reflection and transmission coefficients, which are more effective rather than far field scattering of the FSS, are described.

Details

COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 34 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1989

Peter M. Pinsky and Raja V. Jasti

A new laminated composite plate finite element is proposed that is numerically stable and accurate in displacements and stresses, including transverse shear stress. The…

35

Abstract

A new laminated composite plate finite element is proposed that is numerically stable and accurate in displacements and stresses, including transverse shear stress. The formulation is based on the Hellinger—Reissner principle with Mindlin kinematics. All stress components are given independent approximations and do not satisfy equilibrium conditions a priori. A novel feature of the formulation is the additive decomposition of the displacement field into two parts corresponding to nodal interpolations and independent local basis functions. The additional basis functions and their associated parameters play an important role in characterizing the accuracy of the element. These functions eliminate shear locking in the lower order elements and provide additional variational constraints on the stresses, leading to very accurate results. A 4‐node and a 9‐node version are developed and it is shown that both elements pass the patch test suggested by Zienkiewicz et al. and are stable in the sense of the Babuška—Brezzi condition. The special structure of the element flexibility matrix provides computational efficiency approaching that of displacement based formulations.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 6 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Article
Publication date: 13 June 2016

Zahur Ullah, Will Coombs and C Augarde

A variety of meshless methods have been developed in the last 20 years with an intention to solve practical engineering problems, but are limited to small academic problems due to…

Abstract

Purpose

A variety of meshless methods have been developed in the last 20 years with an intention to solve practical engineering problems, but are limited to small academic problems due to associated high computational cost as compared to the standard finite element methods (FEM). The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient and accurate algorithms based on meshless methods for the solution of problems involving both material and geometrical nonlinearities.

Design/methodology/approach

A parallel two-dimensional linear elastic computer code is presented for a maximum entropy basis functions based meshless method. The two-dimensional algorithm is subsequently extended to three-dimensional adaptive nonlinear and three-dimensional parallel nonlinear adaptively coupled finite element, meshless method cases. The Prandtl-Reuss constitutive model is used to model elasto-plasticity and total Lagrangian formulations are used to model finite deformation. Furthermore, Zienkiewicz and Zhu and Chung and Belytschko error estimation procedure are used in the FE and meshless regions of the problem domain, respectively. The message passing interface library and open-source software packages, METIS and MUltifrontal Massively Parallel Solver are used for the high performance computation.

Findings

Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the correct implementation and performance of the parallel algorithms. The agreement between the numerical and analytical results in the case of linear elastic example is excellent. For the nonlinear problems load-displacement curve are compared with the reference FEM and found in a very good agreement. As compared to the FEM, no volumetric locking was observed in the case of meshless method. Furthermore, it is shown that increasing the number of processors up to a given number improve the performance of parallel algorithms in term of simulation time, speedup and efficiency.

Originality/value

Problems involving both material and geometrical nonlinearities are of practical importance in many engineering applications, e.g. geomechanics, metal forming and biomechanics. A family of parallel algorithms has been developed in this paper for these problems using adaptively coupled finite element, meshless method (based on maximum entropy basis functions) for distributed memory computer architectures.

Article
Publication date: 10 July 2009

A. Hauck, T. Lahmer and M. Kaltenbacher

The purpose of this paper is to present a homogenization approach to model mechanical structures with multiple scales and periodicity, as they occur, e.g. in power transformer…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a homogenization approach to model mechanical structures with multiple scales and periodicity, as they occur, e.g. in power transformer windings, subjected to magnetic forces.

Design/methodology/approach

The idea is based on the framework of generalized finite element methods (GFEM), where the normal polynomial finite element basis functions are enriched by problem dependent basis functions, which are, in this case, the eigenmodes of a quasi‐periodic unit cell setup. These eigenmodes are used to enrich the standard polynomial basis functions of higher order on a coarse grid modeling the whole periodic structure.

Findings

It is shown that heterogeneous magnetomechanical structures can be homogenized with the developed method, as demonstrated by homogenization of a transformer coil setup.

Originality/value

An efficient homogenization procedure is proposed on the basis of the GFEM, which is extended using a special set of enrichment functions, i.e. the mechanic eigenmodes of a generalized eigenvalue problem.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 May 2019

Kumar Kaushik Ranjan, Sandeep Kumar, Amit Tyagi and Ambuj Sharma

The real challenge in the solution of contact problems is the lack of an optimal adaptive scheme. As the contact zone is a priori unknown, successive refinement and iterative…

Abstract

Purpose

The real challenge in the solution of contact problems is the lack of an optimal adaptive scheme. As the contact zone is a priori unknown, successive refinement and iterative method are necessary to obtain a high-accuracy solution. The purpose of this paper is to provide an optimal adaptive scheme based on second-generation finite element wavelets for the solution of non-linear variational inequality of the contact problem.

Design/methodology/approach

To generate an elementary multi-resolution mesh, the authors used hierarchical bases (HB) composed of Lagrange finite element interpolation functions. These HB functions are customized using second-generation wavelet techniques for a fast convergence rate. At each step of the algorithm, the active set method along with mesh adaptation is used for solving the constrained minimization problem of contact case. Wavelet coefficients-based error indicators are used, and computation is focused on mesh zones with a high error indication. The authors take advantage of the wavelet transform to develop a parameter-free adaptive scheme to generate an appropriate and optimal mesh.

Findings

Adaptive wavelet Galerkin scheme (AWGS), a newly developed method for multi-scale mesh adaptivity in this work, is a combination of the second-generation wavelet transform and finite element method and significantly improves the accuracy of the results without approximating an additional problem of error estimation equations. A comparative study is performed taking a solution on a highly refined mesh and results are generated using AWGS.

Practical implications

The proposed adaptive technique can be utilized in the simulation of mechanical and biomechanical structures where multiple bodies come into contact with each other. The algorithm of the method is easy to implement and found to be successful in producing a sufficiently accurate solution with relatively less number of mesh nodes.

Originality/value

Although many error estimation techniques have been developed over the past several years to solve contact problems adaptively, because of boundary non-linearity development, a reliable error estimator needs further investigation. The present study attempts to resolve this problem without having to recompute the entire solution on a new mesh.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 October 2019

Abdesselam Bougdira, Abdelaziz Ahaitouf and Ismail Akharraz

The purpose of this paper is to describe a proposed framework for traceability purpose. Hence, the framework provides a formal and structured way of viewing a traceability…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe a proposed framework for traceability purpose. Hence, the framework provides a formal and structured way of viewing a traceability solution. This structure lays the required bases for a traceability system before starting development and deployment.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines several traceability publications, including systems and literature review. The study covers the traceability implementation phase. Therefore, this research approaches the traceability issue from three perspectives (description, engineering and executive one). The separation between aspects is essential when describing and comparing traceability systems. This distinction is also helpful when recommending solution improvements.

Findings

The framework identifies six traceability bases: aims, functions, specifications, data classification, processes and procedures. These can establish a basis for a general purpose tool that can enable users to develop an efficient traceability solution. Thus, the first ontology expresses the framework domain and ensures optimal use of it. The second one represents the bases that can serve as a knowledge base to manage the product data.

Research limitations/implications

The suggested framework tackles the implementation of traceability. Therefore, the design emphasizes the importance of technological concerns. Some studied cases could require more research angles (i.e. economic and legislative). Thus, framework enrichment is essential for further improvements.

Practical implications

The framework helps users to develop a general, interoperable and scalable traceability solution. These are important to promote the generalization of traceability systems.

Originality/value

The framework fulfills a requirement for establishing general traceability foundations. Therefore, the guide independently operates of the product or the industry specificity. Moreover, the bases aim to bridge the gap between solution engineering and traceability requirements.

Details

Journal of Modelling in Management, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5664

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 2003

C.K. Lee, X. Liu and S.C. Fan

It has been well recognized that interface problems often contain strong singularities which make conventional numerical approaches such as uniform h‐ or p‐version of finite…

Abstract

It has been well recognized that interface problems often contain strong singularities which make conventional numerical approaches such as uniform h‐ or p‐version of finite element methods (FEMs) inefficient. In this paper, the partition‐of‐unity finite element method (PUFEM) is applied to obtain solution for interface problems with severe singularities. In the present approach, asymptotical expansions of the analytical solutions near the interface singularities are employed to enhance the accuracy of the solution. Three different enrichment schemes for interface problems are presented, and their performances are studied. Compared to other numerical approaches such as h‐p version of FEM, the main advantages of the present method include: easy and simple formulation; highly flexible enrichment configurations; no special treatment needed for numerical integration and boundary conditions; and highly effective in terms of computational efficiency. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the robustness and performance of the three schemes in conjunction with uniform h‐ or p‐refinements. It shows that the present PUFEM formulations can significantly improve the accuracy of solution. Very often, improved convergence rate is obtained through enrichment in conjunction with p‐refinement.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 20 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 2006

C.F. Li, Y.T. Feng, D.R.J. Owen and I.M. Davies

To provide an explicit representation for wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields which can be used in stochastic finite element modelling to describe random material properties.

Abstract

Purpose

To provide an explicit representation for wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields which can be used in stochastic finite element modelling to describe random material properties.

Design/methodology/approach

This method represents wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields in terms of multiple Fourier series and a vector of mutually uncorrelated random variables, which are obtained by minimizing the mean‐squared error of a characteristic equation and solving a standard algebraic eigenvalue problem. The result can be treated as a semi‐analytic solution of the Karhunen‐Loève expansion.

Findings

According to the Karhunen‐Loève theorem, a second‐order stochastic field can be decomposed into a random part and a deterministic part. Owing to the harmonic essence of wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields, the decomposition can be effectively obtained with the assistance of multiple Fourier series.

Practical implications

The proposed explicit representation of wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields is accurate, efficient and independent of the real shape of the random structure in consideration. Therefore, it can be readily applied in a variety of stochastic finite element formulations to describe random material properties.

Originality/value

This paper discloses the connection between the spectral representation theory of wide‐sense stationary stochastic fields and the Karhunen‐Loève theorem of general second‐order stochastic fields, and obtains a Fourier‐Karhunen‐Loève representation for the former stochastic fields.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 23 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Marketing and Sales
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-881-1

Article
Publication date: 3 October 2016

Feng Chang, Weiqiang Wang, Yan Liu and Yanpeng Qu

As one of the earliest high-level programming languages, Fortran with easy accessibility and computational efficiency is widely used in the engineering field. The purpose of this…

Abstract

Purpose

As one of the earliest high-level programming languages, Fortran with easy accessibility and computational efficiency is widely used in the engineering field. The purpose of this paper is to present a Fortran implementation of isogeometric analysis (IGA) for thin plate problems.

Design/methodology/approach

IGA based on non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) offers exact geometries and is more accurate than finite element analysis (FEA). Unlike the basis functions in FEA, NURBS basis functions are non-interpolated. Hence, the penalty method is used to enforce boundary conditions.

Findings

Several thin plate examples based on the Kirchhoff-Love theory were illustrated to demonstrate the accuracy of the implementation in contrast with analytical solutions, and the efficiency was validated in comparison with another open method.

Originality/value

A Fortran implementation of NURBS-based IGA was developed to solve Kirchhoff-Love plate problems. It easily obtained high-continuity basis functions, which are necessary for Kirchhoff formulation. In comparison with theoretical solutions, the numerical examples demonstrated higher accuracy and faster convergence of the Fortran implementation. The Fortran implementation can well solve the time-consuming problem, and it was validated by the time-consumption comparison with the Matlab implementation. Due to the non-interpolation of NURBS, the penalty method was used to impose boundary conditions. A suggestion of the selection of penalty coefficients was given.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 33 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

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