Search results

1 – 10 of over 62000
Article
Publication date: 9 November 2015

Martin Dufwenberg

How can laboratory experiments help us understand banking crises, including the usefulness of various policy responses? After giving a concise introduction to the field of…

Abstract

Purpose

How can laboratory experiments help us understand banking crises, including the usefulness of various policy responses? After giving a concise introduction to the field of experimental economics more generally, the author attempts to provide answers. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

The author discusses methodology and surveys relevant work.

Findings

History is often too complicated to be meaningfully revamped or modified in the lab, for purposes of insight-by-analogy. But as people argue about how to understand financial history, they bring ideas to the table. It is possible and useful to test the empirical relevance of these ideas in lab experiments.

Originality/value

The paper pioneers broad discussion of how lab experiments may shed light on banking crises.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 42 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 25 June 2019

Guoqiang Tian, Yupu Zhao and Rukai Gong

In the transitional process of promoting market-oriented interest rate, China is confronted with an important theoretical and practical issue: how to avoid bank runs and realize…

1330

Abstract

Purpose

In the transitional process of promoting market-oriented interest rate, China is confronted with an important theoretical and practical issue: how to avoid bank runs and realize the smooth operation of the financial system. The purpose of this paper is to construct a bank-run dynamic model by taking into account a market environment with the transmission of multiple rounds of noise information, a comprehensive consideration of depositors’ expectation of return on assets (or earning rate/yields of assets), the efficiency of information processing and dissemination, and the different motives for premature withdrawal.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors discussed the dynamic process of bank runs, furnished the ratio and number of each round of bank run, and characterized the corresponding dynamic equilibrium as well. Furthermore, the authors expanded the benchmark model by incorporating the deposit insurance system (DIS) to discuss the action mechanism of DIS overruns.

Findings

The results show that DIS implementation has two opposite effects: stabilized expectation and moral hazard, by virtue of its influence over the two types of premature withdrawal motives of depositors; the implementation effect of DIS rests with the dual-effect comparison, which is endogenous to the institutional environment.

Originality/value

The policy implications are as follows: while implementing DIS, it is necessary to establish and improve the corresponding institutional construction and supporting measures, to consolidate market discipline and improve the supervisory role of the bank’s internal governance mechanism, so as to reduce the potential moral hazards. The financial system reform shall be furthered and the processing and dissemination efficiency of information be elevated to prompt depositors to form stable withdrawal expectations, thereby enhancing the stabilizing effect of DIS.

Details

China Political Economy, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2516-1652

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 November 2019

Hubert Janos Kiss, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara and Alfonso Rosa-Garcia

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how response time in a laboratory experiment on bank runs affects withdrawal decisions.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how response time in a laboratory experiment on bank runs affects withdrawal decisions.

Design/methodology/approach

In the authors’ setup, the bank has no fundamental problems, depositors decide sequentially whether to keep the money in the bank or to withdraw, and they may observe previous decisions depending on the information structure. The authors consider two levels of difficulty of decision-making conditional on the presence of strategic dominance and strategic uncertainty. The authors hypothesize that the more difficult the decision, the longer is the response time, and the predictive power of response time depends on difficulty.

Findings

The authors find that response time is longer in information sets with strategic uncertainty compared to those without (as expected), but the authors do not find such relationship when considering strategic dominance (contrary to the hypothesis). Response time correlates negatively with optimal decisions in information sets with a dominant strategy (contrary to the expectation) and also when decisions are obvious in the absence of strategic uncertainty (in line with the hypothesis). When there is strategic uncertainty, the authors find suggestive evidence that response time predicts optimal decisions.

Research limitations/implications

Being a laboratory experiment, it is questionable if depositors in real life behave similarly (external validity).

Practical implications

Since episodes of bank runs are characterized by strategic uncertainty, the result that under strategic uncertainty, longer response time leads to better decisions suggests that suspension of convertibility is a useful tool to curb banking panics.

Originality/value

To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study concerning the relationship between response time and the optimality of decisions in a bank-run game.

Details

Review of Behavioral Finance, vol. 12 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1940-5979

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 17 December 2003

Stephen A. Kane and Mark L. Muzere

Our paper presents an extension of the Diamond-Dybvig (1983) model of bank runs to an open market economy. We examine domestic banks that are subject to potential runs by domestic…

Abstract

Our paper presents an extension of the Diamond-Dybvig (1983) model of bank runs to an open market economy. We examine domestic banks that are subject to potential runs by domestic depositors who worry that they will not be able to be repaid in full, because the domestic banks may not be able to refinance in the international financial markets. A loss in confidence in the banking system might precipitate a bank run. A bank run might be costly to safety net guarantors, for example, the central bank. Further, a bank run might lead to a breaking of the fixed exchange rate. Our model shows that adding central bank and International Monetary Fund guarantees, increasing long term debt as well as more equity financing reduces financial fragility, but consistent with economic intuition, these policy levers cannot eliminate the possibility of a bank run or a banking crisis leading to a currency crisis.

Details

Research in Finance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-251-1

Article
Publication date: 24 June 2021

Mahmoud Shahin

Through portfolio diversification, the author identifies the risk sharing deposit contract in a three-period model that maximizes the ex ante expected utility of depositors.

Abstract

Purpose

Through portfolio diversification, the author identifies the risk sharing deposit contract in a three-period model that maximizes the ex ante expected utility of depositors.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the author extends the study by Allen and Gale (1998) by adding a long-term riskless investment opportunity to the original portfolio of a short-term liquid asset and a long-term risky illiquid asset.

Findings

Unlike Allen and Gale, there are no information-based bank runs in equilibrium. In addition, the model can improve consumers' welfare over the Allen and Gale model. The author also shows that the bank will choose to liquidate the cheaper investments, in terms of the gain-loss ratios for the two types of existing long-term assets, when there is liquidity shortage in some cases. Such a policy reduces the liquidation cost and enables the bank to meet the outstanding liability to depositors without large liquidation losses.

Originality/value

The author believe that the reader would be interested in this article because it is relevant to real world where depositors rush to withdraw their deposits from a bank if there is negative information about future prospect of the bank asset portfolio and bank investment. Economists and financial analysts need to determine the suitable mechanism to improve the stability of the bank and the depositor welfare.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 49 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 January 2018

Roy Liff and Gunnar Wahlström

Although granted funding from government agencies, Britain’s Northern Rock (NR) Bank experienced a depositors’ bank run in 2007. The purpose of this paper is to explore bank

1828

Abstract

Purpose

Although granted funding from government agencies, Britain’s Northern Rock (NR) Bank experienced a depositors’ bank run in 2007. The purpose of this paper is to explore bank managers’ and the Triparties’ communications, in their failed attempt to reassure depositors during the crisis.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is based on content analysis of information given to depositors by bank managers and the Triparties via mass media. The theoretical concepts of rituals and masking were utilized.

Findings

Results suggest that nonfinancial reporting supersedes financial reporting. Rather than hidden losses, bank regulators’ and politicians’ discussions of emergency funding for NR was the crucial incident signaling “something going on.” Even positive statements by prominent organizational actors may have signaled serious problems that compromised NR’s “business as usual” stance.

Practical implications

Collective action manifested in a bank run is triggered by reasons other than numbers in financial reporting. The research results indicate a need to consider how regulatory authorities act during financial crises.

Originality/value

Previous studies concluded that sensegivers must be consistent in framing communication to sensemakers. Sensemaking requires that the crisis communication is also consistent in the sensemakers’ framing. Because it is difficult for sensegivers to reshape the collective sensemakers’ frame, successful crisis communication requires that sensegivers change their communication to match the sensemakers’ frame, including symbolic actions. Additionally, a bank run is characterized first by loss of trust in financial reporting; second, in nonfinancial reporting; and, finally, in the sensegiving actor: a domino effect.

Details

Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3574

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 1999

Andreas G. Merikas

Outlines the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on bank performance and investigates the relationship between exchange rate exposure and stock value for eight major Greek banks

Abstract

Outlines the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on bank performance and investigates the relationship between exchange rate exposure and stock value for eight major Greek banks. Explains the methodological problems involved, develops a mathematical model and applies it to 1995‐1998 data for the banks. Discusses the results for each bank individually and suggests that although their stock returns are affected by exchange rate variations, other factors (e.g. asset/liability structure, management style etc.) are also important. Calls for further research on the impact of changes in exchange rates.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 25 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 June 2019

Siew Peng Lee and Mansor Isa

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which conventional and Islamic bank fixed deposit rates can protect depositors against inflation in the Malaysia context.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which conventional and Islamic bank fixed deposit rates can protect depositors against inflation in the Malaysia context.

Design/methodology/approach

Nominal interest rates are represented by commercial bank fixed deposit and investment bank fixed deposit rates. The authors use monthly data over the period 2000–2016. The authors apply the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing methodology to test the existence of long-run relationship between nominal rates and inflation, and the error-correction model to test for the short-run dynamics.

Findings

The results show that the nominal interest rate and inflation are cointegrated for all the data series. The evidence indicates that all the fixed deposit rates, for both conventional and Islamic banks are effective inflation hedges in the long-run thereby supporting the Fisher hypothesis. There is no difference in the inflation hedging ability between conventional bank rates and Islamic bank rates. However, the authors find no evidence of the short-run relationship between interest rates and inflation for either bank.

Practical implications

Bank regulators should be concerned on the similarities in behaviour towards inflation between conventional and Islamic rates, given that the deposit rates for both banks are supposedly set based on different premises. Bank customers, they should deposit their money for the long horizon in order to protect themselves against inflation. Depositors worrying about inflation should be indifferent between conventional or Islamic as both banks provide similar inflation hedging characteristics.

Originality/value

The novelty of this study is in using the bank fixed deposit rates to study the Fisher effect in an emerging market and in comparing the conventional and Islamic bank rates in terms of their inflation hedging ability.

Details

Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, vol. 35 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1026-4116

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 September 2023

Navendu Prakash, Shveta Singh and Seema Sharma

This paper aims to investigate the short- and long-run influence of core banking solutions (CBSs) on productive efficiency and identify the presence of potential network…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the short- and long-run influence of core banking solutions (CBSs) on productive efficiency and identify the presence of potential network externalities arising from CBS adoption. This paper further examines the differential behaviour of long-term effects across the banking structure.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a panel data set of Indian commercial banks from 2005 to 2021. Economic efficiency is quantified using VRS-based DEA programming algorithms. Productivity changes are measured through an input-oriented, DEA-based Malmquist productivity index. Short- and long-run effects are examined through a finite autoregressive distributed lag model, estimated through a pooled mean-group estimator.

Findings

Findings suggest that CBS adoption negatively correlates with cost structure until the first year of adoption. Nevertheless, significant benefits are visible from the third year. Furthermore, such associations are highly susceptible to the industry structure. CBS results in higher incremental benefits for private banks vis-à-vis state-owned banks. Large banks receive significant and quicker productivity improvements from CBS vis-à-vis small banks. Bank age guides CBS–performance associations, highlighting that mature banks may face the issue of legacy infrastructure in CBS adoption. The resultant networking externalities are significant as they enhance the attractiveness of the network, which subsequently augments inter-branch and inter-bank communications.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to recognise the stickiness of one of the most homogeneously adopted technological innovations in the Indian banking sector. The presence of a conjoint technological network has the potential to enhance the service delivery process and ensure superior returns for Indian banks.

Details

International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1934-8835

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 14 May 2018

Foluso Abioye Akinsola and Sylvanus Ikhide

This paper aims to examine the relationship between commercial bank lending and business cycle in South Africa. This paper attempts to know whether commercial bank lending in…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between commercial bank lending and business cycle in South Africa. This paper attempts to know whether commercial bank lending in South Africa is procyclical.

Design/methodology/approach

The model assumed that the lending behaviour is related to the business cycle. In this study, vector error correction model (VECM) is used to capture the relationship between bank lending and business cycle to accurately elicit the macroeconomic long-run relationship between business cycle and bank lending, as some banks might slow down bank lending due to some idiosyncratic factors that are not related to the downturn in the economy. This paper uses data from South African Reserve Bank for the period of 1990-2015 using VECM to understand the extent to which business cycle fluctuation can affect credit crunch in the financial system. The Johansen cointegration approach is used to ascertain whether there is indeed a long-run co-movement between credit growth and business cycle.

Findings

Results from the VECM show that there are significant linkages among the variables, especially between credit to gross domestic product (GDP) and business cycle. The influence of business cycle is seen vividly after a period of four to five years, where business cycle explains 20 per cent of the variation in the credit to GDP. South African banks tend to change their lending behaviour during upturns and downturns. This result further confirms the assertion in theory that credit follows business cycle and can amplify credit crunch. The result shows that in the long run, fluctuations in the business cycle can influence the credit growth in South Africa.

Research limitations/implications

The impulse analysis result shows that the impact of business cycle shock is very persistent and lasting. This also demonstrates that the shocks to the business cycle result have a persistent and long-lasting impact on credit. This study finds that commercial bank lending in South Africa is procyclical. It is suggested that the South African economy needs forward-looking policies that will mitigate the flow of credit to the real sector and at the same time ensure financial stability.

Originality/value

Most research papers rarely distinguish between the demand side and supply side of credit procyclicality. This report is presented to develop an econometric model that will examine demand side procyclicality. This study adopts more realistic and novel methods that will help in explaining the relationship between bank lending and business cycle in South Africa, especially after the global financial crisis. This report is presented with a concise and detailed analysis and interpretation.

Details

Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, vol. 26 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1358-1988

Keywords

1 – 10 of over 62000