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The linear analysis presented for the charge pump phase locked loops (CPPLLs) becomes inaccurate or incorrect where cycle slipping occurs. In this paper, an analytical approach is proposed, which explains the conditions in which cycle slipping happens. Using the analytical results, one can simply design or redesign a CPPLL to prevent or decrease cycle slipping and hence decreasing the locking time. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

To obtain cycle slipping conditions, CPPLL's signals in the time domain are tracked and cycle slipping condition is investigated. Based on the proposed analysis, by comparing a simple function of system's parameters with a threshold, cycle slipping is predicted.

The cycle slipping conditions are expressed in terms of system's parameters and the size of the input frequency step. The method is also generalized for a fast CPPLL with an aid-lock BBFC circuit. The good accuracy of the analytical predictions is verified using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.

A new analytical method for cycle slipping prediction in CPPLLs is presented. A closed form equation in terms of system's parameters and input frequency step has been presented, which can predict the cycle slipping possibility in the system without a need to perform the full time-consuming simulations. This analytical method that uses the LambertW function's properties proposes a threshold to predict cycle slipping in the system. This method not only can be used by designers to predict cycle slipping but can also be used to design the CPPLL in order to remove or decrease cycle slipping. The method is also generalized for fast locking charge pump PLLs and as a case study, cycle slipping prediction in the BBFC-CPPLL is performed.

The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the newly created regulatory and policing regime for age-restricting access to pornography in the UK.

It examines the pivotal legislation, policy and strategy documents, consultation submissions and interventions from a range of stakeholders such as children’s charities, content providers and privacy advocates.

Even before its implementation, the regulatory regime betrays serious flaws and shortcomings in its framing and configuration. These difficulties include its inability to significantly curtail minors’ access to online pornography and risks of privacy violations and associated harms to legitimate users’ interests.

Remedial measures are available so as to address some of the problems identified. However, it is argued that ultimately the attempt to prohibit minors from accessing such content is set to fail, and that alternative approaches – such as better equipping children through education to cope with explicit materials online – need to be given greater prominence.

This paper provides the first criminological policy analysis of this latest attempt to regulate and police online behaviour, and offers an important critical response to such efforts.

Ambridge has a population of around 700. Of these around 60 have voices heard by around 5 million people per week, a few are named but have no direct voice, and the rest are anonymous and unvoiced. This study explores the perceptions of this anonymous group and their ontological status. Purposive sampling recruited 16 representatives from a variety of demographic groups. Focus groups were used to gather data. A phenomenological approach within an interpretative paradigm was used, with an analytical lens of speculative ontology. Three main themes were identified from the data: the participants perceived an existential co-dependence with the voiced group; most resented their repression and aspired to having a voice, though they perceived this to involve a serious risk of adverse life events and concomitant psychological trauma; all expressed empathy towards the named but unvoiced group, perceiving that group to have an unfairly high risk of adverse life events without the opportunity to vocalise for themselves. The participants appeared to see three distinct classes within the society of the village (based on namedness and voicedness) which transcended the more generally accepted class divisions in UK society which are based on occupation. The unnamed population of Ambridge exists in a state of ontological tension, which is likely to have a negative impact on their psychological wellbeing. This study raises a question about the creator's moral responsibility for this group.

Censorship never dies: like intellectual freedom of which it is a part, it goes on changing its form. The discussion reviews some of the key social, political, religious, artistic and moral factors, suggests that censorship is an area which pre‐eminently brings out the worst and best because it is more complex than it looks, because consensus is rare, because everyone thinks they are right, and because professional and personal roles work together and sometimes get confused. Statements about intellectual freedom and rights are aspirational for practitioners trying to make personal decisions about what is acceptable and accountable. Reference is made to political correctness, alleged harms, community standards, and the role of the information professional as an intermediary.