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1 – 10 of over 11000Mary T. Dzindolet, Hall P. Beck and Linda G. Pierce
In complex environments, the use of technology to enhance the capability of people is commonplace. In rapidly changing and often unpredictable environments, it is not enough that…
Abstract
In complex environments, the use of technology to enhance the capability of people is commonplace. In rapidly changing and often unpredictable environments, it is not enough that these human-automated “teams” perform well when events go as expected. Instead, the human operators and automated aids must be flexible, capable of responding to rare or unanticipated events. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the Framework of Automation Use (Dzindolet, Beck, Pierce, & Dawe, 2001) as it relates to adaptive automation. Specifically, our objectives are to: (1) examine a number of factors that determine how people can effectively integrate their activities with their machine partners in fluid environments and (2) consider the implications of these findings for future research.
The cause of construction problems is suggested as being the lack of industry cohesion. This can only be addressed successfully by design professionals and construction…
Abstract
The cause of construction problems is suggested as being the lack of industry cohesion. This can only be addressed successfully by design professionals and construction professionals working more closely together, i.e. considering buildability. Buildability is a problem of managing the transfer of appropriate knowledge about the construction process to the design process worker. It is not solely about the technicalities of the construction process. It is suggested that no buildability strategy which seeks to impose predetermined construction solutions will be readily accepted by design professionals. The development of a design buildability strategy which transfers construction process knowledge in such a manner as to be seen as an adviser on simplification, would not be seen by design professionals as a convergent approach to buildability. Such a strategy would represent just one of a range of strategies to achieving overall project buildability.
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Advances in digital design tools enable exploration and generation of dynamic building facades. However, some processes are formally prescribed and manually driven to only…
Abstract
Purpose
Advances in digital design tools enable exploration and generation of dynamic building facades. However, some processes are formally prescribed and manually driven to only visualize the design concepts. The purpose of this paper is to present a proactive framework for integrating parametric design thinking, paying particular attention to building facade patterning.
Design/methodology/approach
This work developed the PatternGen© add-on in Autodesk® Revit which utilizes an analytical image data (AID) overlay approach as a data source to dynamically pattern the building facade. The add-on was used to manipulate the placement rules of curtain panels on facade surface geometry. As means of validating this research model, a real-life design project has been chosen to illustrate the practical application of this approach. Feedback and observations from a short end-user questionnaire assessed qualitatively the facade patterning and panelization approach.
Findings
The proposed merge (or overlay) of AID images can be used as a parametric thinking method rather than just theory to generate and articulate dynamic facade design. The facade panelization responds to an AID that resembles design-performance data (e.g. solar exposure, interior privacy importance and aesthetics).
Originality/value
This work identifies a form of parametric thinking defined as the expression of geometrical relationships and its configuration dependent on the AID pixel Red Green Blue color source values. In this type of thinking, it explores the impact of the digital process and parametric thinking utility when driven by an AID overlay. The framework highlighted the practical application of AID pixel approach within a digital process to benefit both designers and computational tools developer on emerging design innovations.
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Describes virtual manufacturing software which lets production engineerscreate life‐like, full‐action mock‐ups of automatedproduction systems on computer workstations and then…
Abstract
Describes virtual manufacturing software which lets production engineers create life‐like, full‐action mock‐ups of automated production systems on computer workstations and then analyse and debug them before investing in costly capital equipment. Virtual manufacturing software that is compatible with CAD permits the design of manufacturing processes around three‐dimensional CAD production models. Explains that many prominent automotive companies are now using this software and gives examples. Concludes that by using virtual manufacturing as their product design tools, companies can now integrate product design, manufacturing system design and production stages, with all participants working with a single, current database.
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The paper considers the development process for experimental work intended as a pilot study of the role of tolerance requirement general theory. This theory is proposed as a…
Abstract
The paper considers the development process for experimental work intended as a pilot study of the role of tolerance requirement general theory. This theory is proposed as a factor in the automated assessment of task difficulty in construction industry activities. Task difficulty, structured within a generic task hierarchy, is taken as a possible indicator of the level of buildability inherent in the on‐site production of construction artefacts. The proposed nature of general tolerance requirement theory is introduced. This initial research proposes six individual tolerance requirements, each with a different function within the general theory, which an operative responds to either explicitly or implicitly in carrying out construction tasks. These tolerance requirements are not defined in terms of plus or minus values. The paper concentrates on a discussion of factors relevant to the design of a suitable experiment as a pilot study of the suggestion that tolerance requirements may allow quantitative analysis of task difficulty.
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Haeseong Jee and Emanuel Sachs
Rapid prototyping technologies can create a physical part directly from a digital model by accumulating layers of a given material. Providing tremendous flexibility in the part…
Abstract
Rapid prototyping technologies can create a physical part directly from a digital model by accumulating layers of a given material. Providing tremendous flexibility in the part geometry that they can fabricate, these technologies present an opportunity for the creation of new product attributes that cannot be made with existing technologies. For this to be possible, however, various design environments including different fabrication processes need to be considered at the time of design. This paper proposes an extended design automation paradigm for design and fabrication of a new product attribute, surface macro‐texture.
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Ijaz Ul Haq and Fiorenzo Franceschini
The purpose of this paper is to develop a preliminary conceptual scale for the measurement of distributed manufacturing (DM) capacity of manufacturing companies operating in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a preliminary conceptual scale for the measurement of distributed manufacturing (DM) capacity of manufacturing companies operating in rubber and plastic sectors.
Design/methodology/approach
A two-step research methodology is employed. In first step, the dimensions of DM and different levels of each dimension have been defined. In second step, an empirical analysis (cluster analysis) of database firms is performed by collecting the data of 38 firms operating in Italian mould manufacturing sector. Application case studies are then analyzed to show the use of the proposed DM conceptual scale.
Findings
A hyperspace, composed of five dimensions of DM, i.e. manufacturing localization; manufacturing technologies; customization and personalization; digitalization; and democratization of design, is developed and a hierarchy is defined by listing the levels of each dimension in an ascending order. Based on this hyperspace, a conceptual scale is proposed to measure the positioning of a generic company in the DM continuum.
Research limitations/implications
The empirical data are collected from Italian mould manufacturing companies operating in rubber and plastic sectors. It cannot be assumed that the industrial sectors in different parts of the world are operating under similar operational, regulatory and economic conditions. The results, therefore, might not be generalized to manufacturing companies operating in different countries (particularly developing countries) under different circumstances.
Originality/value
This is first preliminary scale of its kind to evaluate the positioning of companies with respect to their DM capacity. This scale is helpful for companies to compare their capacity with standard profiles and for decision making to convert the existing manufacturing operations into distributed operations.
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Australia has strong European traditions, rooted in its history of the past 200 years. On the other hand, Australia differs from many European countries in a number of important…
Abstract
Australia has strong European traditions, rooted in its history of the past 200 years. On the other hand, Australia differs from many European countries in a number of important respects, including geography, population density and aspects of government economic policy. This paper uses data from the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (1996‐98) to examine how these similarities and differences may have impacted on the manufacturing strategies adopted by firms in the two regions. Whilst Australian and European manufacturers seem similar in many respects, in that they are listening to their customers, adopting quality strategies and utilizing technology, there are important differences in the speed of adoption of some aspects of these approaches. In particular, European manufacturers introduced a number of manufacturing technologies earlier and are using them more extensively than their Australian counterparts, whilst health, environmental and safety activities seem to be more prominent among Australian firms.
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Yixuan Nan, Yi Liu, Jianping Shen and Yueting Chai
This paper aims to study the material conscious information network (MCIN) to present new models of clothing products and persons and propose new crowd-designing patterns to…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the material conscious information network (MCIN) to present new models of clothing products and persons and propose new crowd-designing patterns to reconstruct an improved supply–demand relationship in clothing industry.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper aims to study the MCIN to present new models of clothing products and persons and propose new crowd-designing patterns to reconstruct an improved supply–demand relationship in clothing industry.
Findings
At last, this paper implements a prototype system of novel e-commerce platform based on the CDCI to illustrate the effectiveness and soundness of the CDCI modeling.
Originality/value
Different from most related works just focusing on the physiology dimension in the matching of customer and clothing, this paper proposes that the dimension of physiology, character, knowledge and experience should be synthetically considered.
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Jennifer Percival and Brian Cozzarin
The purpose of this paper is to test for complementarities between 26 advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) in Canadian manufacturing plants.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test for complementarities between 26 advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) in Canadian manufacturing plants.
Design/methodology/approach
Constrained regression analysis with labor productivity and profitability as dependent variables for 11 industries and three size classes are used. Supermodularity and submodularity constraints are applied in order to conduct pair‐wise tests of business practices used to support AMT.
Findings
The results demonstrate that the selection of complementary practices can have a significant impact on plant profitability and labor productivity, resulting in a competitive advantage. The optimal bundle of complementary and substitute practices are unique for each industry and size class.
Research limitations/implications
The data are for one year only.
Originality/value
Complementary and substitute business practices to support AMT are identified at the plant level for specific size classes and industries. Lattices (graphically) are created as an example of how to present the results to managers.
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