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1 – 10 of 367Josep F. Mària SJ and Miho Taka
The purpose of this paper is to explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) in mining companies can contribute to the promotion of artisanal miners' human rights (HR) in the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) in mining companies can contribute to the promotion of artisanal miners' human rights (HR) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Design/methodology/approach
First, the paper designs a framework for a public policy on artisans, then it incorporates the possible contribution of companies to this policy drawing from the existent CSR literature. This framework is applied to relationships between mining companies and artisans in Katanga, a low‐conflict Province of the DRC. Finally, CSR guidelines for the promotion of artisans' HR are formulated. The theoretical framework articulates a public policy approach – which includes different actors – and a CSR approach – which develops the specific role of one such actor: the company – in the promotion of artisanal miners' HR. Data used in the empirical part are qualitative and include primary data gathered from visits to different mining companies operating in the Province and an interview with a local specialist in artisanal miners.
Findings
The first finding is that artisanal miners are a heterogeneous group, with multiple HR problems. Therefore, a public policy and a CSR policy to promote their HR are equally complex issues. However, local practices in the specific context of Katanga suggest two suitable CSR strategies for promoting artisans' HR: supporting new sustainable economic activities where artisans have been displaced by a company; and promoting the formalization of artisanal activity where companies are the artisans' clients.
Research limitations/implications
This paper does not include interviews with mining company managers in Katanga in order to design very specific actions in each one of these CSR strategies. The research does not include field work in high‐conflict areas.
Practical implications
The heterogeneity and dynamism of artisanal miners' problems and the weakness of the Congolese State lead to a basic recommendation for responsible mining companies in low‐conflict areas: the implementation of dialogues with local communities and local governments in order to cover the needs of artisanal miners and discover innovation opportunities for the companies.
Originality/value
Although there is abundant literature on artisanal miners, the connection of artisanal miners and CSR has scarcely been developed. As far as the author knows, the illustration of this connection for the DRC has not been addressed. Additionally, the design of public policies for artisanal miners – part of the informal economy – and the contribution of companies to such policies can help address problems arising from other informal activities in Africa.
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Keywords
Gold mining in the Sahel.
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB241354
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Robin G. Adams, Christopher L. Gilbert and Christopher G. Stobart
Franklin Nantui Mabe, Seiba Issifu and Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa
In Ghana, legal and illegal artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) activities have attracted the attention of the general populace and academia with varied opinions. This study…
Abstract
Purpose
In Ghana, legal and illegal artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) activities have attracted the attention of the general populace and academia with varied opinions. This study examined how adopting the coping strategies for ASM operations affected the welfare of farm households.
Design/methodology/approach
Primary data were solicited from respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. This paper used the endogenous treatment effect model to quantitatively estimate whether or not farmers who adopt coping strategies for activities of ASM have improved or deteriorated welfare.
Findings
The results revealed that households adopted coping strategies such as diversification, social networking, land reclamation, borrowing, dependence on the market for food and resettlement in other communities. The endogenous treatment effect model results show that households that adopted land reclamation and social networking had improved welfare regarding consumption expenditure and food security compared to non-adopters. Conversely, diversification was associated with lower consumption expenditures and high food insecurity among adopters.
Practical implications
This paper recommends that farm households in mining communities form cooperatives and farmer-based organizations to ensure improved access to joint resources for enhanced capacity to cope with ASM-induced shocks. There is a need for government and civil society organizations to encourage and support land reclamation measures.
Originality/value
This paper covers a broader perspective and deploys more than one welfare proxy, which has not been considered before in previous studies.
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Ongku P. Hasibuan, Jann H. Tjakraatmadja and Yos Sunitiyoso
This study aims to understand the process, structure and determinants of persistent illegal gold mining in Indonesia.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to understand the process, structure and determinants of persistent illegal gold mining in Indonesia.
Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory study included a literature review, field observations and in-depth interviews. Fieldwork was conducted at two mining locations in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sixteen respondents representing key stakeholders: government, mining companies, mining associations and community, including illegal miners, were interviewed. The findings of the literature review were categorized as the push or pull factors within the topics, and field observations verified the literature review results regarding Indonesia. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis methods. A structural diagram of the actors and causal loop diagrams among the determinants of illegal gold mining was created and interpreted.
Findings
A complex activity process and structure were revealed involving a range of actors. Politicians, government officials and law enforcement authorities added the complexity to the structure. Six main determinants of persistent illegal gold mining emerged: financial, low entry barrier, regulations and policies, supporting resources availability, politics and power and psychosocial factors.
Practical implications
This study provides a deeper understanding for policymakers to consider when formulating policies on natural resources, and insights for mining companies to minimize conflicts with the community.
Originality/value
The study contributes to our knowledge of the complex structure and main determinants of illegal gold mining in Indonesia, which supports efforts to curtail this illegal activity.
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Keywords
However, the region’s governments have not been able to take advantage of it, allowing artisanal gold fields to act as a magnet for violence and to contribute to funding armed…
However, sectoral mismanagement and elite-level corruption has meant that this resource is allegedly enriching a handful of politically connected individuals, while impoverishing…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB259659
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Uganda's gold trade.
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB220313
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
This builds on efforts by former presidents Rafael Correa (2007-17) and Lenin Moreno (2017-21) to develop the sector. Liberal economic reforms under Lasso have fostered…