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Concerns regarding the dysfunctional behaviours of public officials have sparked renewed interest in public service ethics and spirituality. While national and organizational systems have been established to eliminate dysfunctional behaviours such as corruption, sexual harassment and misuse of confidential information, the practice continues to have a demoralizing impact on developing countries. The study aims to intend to investigate the empirical relation between the application of spirituality and ethics in reducting dysfunctional behaviours within Ghana's Public Sector.

The study conducted a qualitative case analysis that utilized 28 semi-structured interviews and four focus groups. Interviews and group discussions with public sector staff, managers and policymakers were used to collect qualitative data. This approach facilitated an in-depth investigation into their views on dysfunctional actions and the possible impact of workplace spirituality and ethics in the Ghanaian public service.

The study uncovered a persistent recurrence of dysfunctional behaviours, such as fraudulent activities, resource misuse, unofficial work and inappropriate use of official time. There was uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of integrating ethics and spirituality to curtail dysfunctional behaviours. Nevertheless, the results supported adopting spiritual and ethical rejuvenation in the public service as a universal solution to overcome these behaviours.

This study enhances comprehension of dysfunctional behaviours in Ghana's public service by providing insights into how spirituality and ethics can transform it. The potentials of workplace spirituality and ethics can lead to a strong public service that embodies accountability, integrity and effectiveness, thereby serving as a pivotal device for Ghana's holistic advancement.

Drawing upon social exchange theory and self-determination theory (SDT), this study investigates the influence of psychological empowerment (PE) on innovative work behavior (IWB) among faculty members in Iraqi institutions of higher education. Additionally, this study aims to explore the role of inclusive leadership (IL) as a mediator between PE and IWB. Academic institutions are vital contributors to economic expansion through their research and the development of highly qualified graduate employees.

To test the developed hypotheses, a quantitative approach was used with structural equation modeling via partial least squares (PLS-SEM) and bootstrapping estimation. The analysis was conducted using 497 responses.

The results of this study demonstrate that PE has a positive impact on IWB among faculty members. Furthermore, IL mediates the relationship between PE and IWB.

This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the significance of IL in encouraging employee participation in organizational change. The findings also suggest that IL plays a crucial mediating role in the relationship between PE and IWB among faculty members in Iraqi institutions of higher education.