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Depuis l'époque des «Voyages en Zig‐Zag» de Rodolphe Toepffer, le tourisme s'est transformé à une vitesse vertigineuse. Considéré il y a encore quelques lustres comme un aimable et innocent passe‐temps, il est devenu aujourd'hui une industrie dans toute l'acception du terme.

Les pays à vocation touristique ont, pour la plupart, depuis quelques années, entrepris une action planifiée pour tirer le meilleur parti de leur chance en pareille matière.

L'Organisation Mondiale du Tourisme invitait, en 1982, tous les Etats membres et les organisations internationales et nationales à une année de réflexion sur le thème: “pour la dignité du voyage: savoir visiter, savoir recevoir”.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the practical daily work undertaken by middle‐level managers in Primary Care Trusts (PCTs), focusing upon the micro‐processes by which these managers enact sensemaking in their organisations.

The research took a case study approach, undertaking detailed case studies in four PCTs in England. Data collection included shadowing managers, meeting observations and interviews.

The research elucidated two categories of enactment behaviour exhibited by PCT managers: presence/absence; and the production of artefacts. Being “present” in or “absent” from meetings enacted sensemaking over and above any concrete contribution to the meeting made by the actors involved. This paper explores the factors affecting these processes, and describes the situations in which enactment of sense is most likely to occur. Producing artefacts such as meeting minutes or PowerPoint slides also enacted sense in the study sites in addition to the content of the artefact. The factors affecting this are explored.

The study has practical implications for all managers seeking to maximise their influence in their organisations. It also provides specific evidence relevant to managers working in the new Clinical Commissioning Groups currently being formed in England.

The study expands the understanding of sensemaking in organisations in two important ways. Firstly, it moves beyond discourse to explore the ways in which behaviours can enact sense. Secondly, it explores the distinction between active and unconscious sensemaking.

This paper aims to explore a range of conceptual and practical challenges faced in delivering an innovative programme targeted at staff of UK higher Education (HE) and further education (FE) institutions. The two major foci of the programme are: on the pedagogies and organization of knowledge required to provide a true “feel” for the life world, values and ways of behaving of entrepreneurs in very different academic disciplinary contexts; and on strategically and operationally making things happen in the participant institution.

The paper is action research‐focused. Its aim is to explore the validity of a concept of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education which is truly interdisciplinary. It tests out in practice a “Mastery” model of an entrepreneurship educator in HE and FE.

The basic structure of the model is found to be appropriate as is its social constructionist view of education upon which it is founded. Importantly it values learning through practice, which may not be a total reflection of what is taught on the programme, equally with the application of programme knowledge.

The conceptual model and resultant programme are arguably unique in their total focus on behaviours in different organizational and disciplinary contexts.

Définition et analyse des objectifs généraux qu'on se propose d'atteindre à l'aide du tourisme. Les objectifs susceptibles d'être retenus lors de la prise en considération d'une politique de développement sont assez nombreux, et peuvent être contradictoires. Ils peuvent émaner d'agents privés, ou des pouvoirs publics qui songeraient à construire un système de décisions raisonnées et ordonnées selon un certain choix. De tels choix sont sans doute facilités par une bonne analyse de la politique économique générale, et des divers objectifs possibles. Quelques uns parmi ces objectifs sont cités ci‐dessous sans que leur ordre implique une hiérarchie de valeur. Une telle hiérarchie est plus fonction des cas d'espèce que de conceptions doctrinales.

This chapter introduces the two main topics of ‘entrepreneurial policing’ and ‘criminal entrepreneurship’ and begins in Section 1.1 by considering the concept and scope of entrepreneurial policing around which this monograph is organised. Its definition and ontological development are considered. Thereafter, the author briefly discuss what entrepreneurship is (and is not) and set out examples of entrepreneurship of interest to policing, including – ‘Corporate’ and ‘Team’ Entrepreneurship, ‘Intrapreneurship’, ‘Social Entrepreneurship and Animateurship’, ‘Civic Entrepreneurship’, and ‘Public Service Entrepreneurship’. The author then discusses why entrepreneurship is of critical importance to the police service and discuss worked examples. Having developed a basic understanding of the power and utility of entrepreneurship, then in more detail what the term entrepreneurial policing means and how it evolved in practice and in the academic literature are considered. In Section 1.2, the foundations of entrepreneurial policing considering its ontological and epistemological development from ‘New Public Management’ to ‘New Entrepreneurialism’ and also the influence of the merging literatures of ‘Criminal Entrepreneurship’ and ‘Entrepreneurial Leadership’ are critically examined. In Section 1.3, our consideration to include a more nuanced understanding of the what is referred to as the ‘Entrepreneurship–Policing Nexus’ including consideration of the influence of dyslexia on policing and crime and the power of the ‘Entrepreneurial’ and ‘Gangster’ dreams on entrepreneurial motivation and propensity are expanded. In Section 1.4, an attempt is made to identify who the stakeholders of this new policing philosophy are? Finally, in Section 1.5, the chapter takeaway points which both articulates and confirms the inherent importance of entrepreneurship in policing and criminal contexts are discussed and detailed.

Describes the history of the Freshwater Biological Association and its Library. Notes that the library produces a current awareness bulletin listing over 750 freshwater ecology papers each month, an annual bibliography of papers on British freshwaters and undertakes manual and on‐line retrospective information enquiries. Concludes that these flexible national and international networks of information exchange and collaboration survive despite an ever changing spectrum of political philosophies.