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The purpose of this paper was to attempt to confirm the root cause of wafer damage issue by heavy Al wire wedge bonding and propose some permanent solutions for it.

The infra red–optical beam-induced resistance change (IR-OBIRCH) analysis defines the position of an abnormal hotspot. A cross section and an scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed the wafer damage issue and its position. Based on the position of wafer damage, the wedge tool with different life and Al buildup was checked found to be on the wedge tool. Finite element analysis (FEA) modeling analysis and simulation experiment guarantee the Al buildup, and low wedge deformation thickness (WDT) can cause the wafer damage issue. Finally, design of experiment (DOE) experiments are designed to optimize wedge tool dimension and wedge-bond parameters to eliminate wafer damage issue.

Wafer damage issue caused the Vpwr-OUTPUT leakage issue by IR-OBIRCH analysis. Al buildup was found on wedge tool with different life and its size gets larger along with the increase in wedge tool life. Low WDT and bigger Al buildup can cause the wafer damage. Designing new wedge tool and parameters optimization can increase WDT.

Because of the limitation of time and resources, finite element method (FEM) modeling and wedge tool dimension could not be studied more deeply.

This paper sets an example on how to find out the root cause of wafer damage by a step-by-step analysis and put forward a quick solution accordingly for the issue.

This paper aims to provide a case study of complex conflict management within the arms race on the Korean Peninsula. Exploring the complex nexus of nuclear weapons, asymmetry and a qualitative arms race, the study explains how the arms race between Seoul and Pyongyang has promoted stability on the Korean Peninsula.

Presenting the limits of arguments that the US security guarantee is the factor that saved the two Koreas from going to war again, this paper explores the utility of the inter-Korean arms race as a stabilizer that promotes indirect negotiations. While presenting Korean anomalies, this paper analyzes the three stages of the inter-Korean arms race – especially its nuclear weapons, its asymmetry and the nature of arms races – and provides extant explanations on the causes and consequences of the qualitative arms race. These key elements drive the states’ strategic motives.

Using the case of the inter-Korean qualitative arms race and US extended nuclear deterrence on the Korean Peninsula, the study shows the complexities of conflict management today. This paper identifies three contributing factors – US nuclear weapons, asymmetry and the qualitative characteristic of the arms race – to explain the enduring stability on the peninsula despite the arms race’s intensification. The paper finds that although US nuclear-extended deterrence plays a critical role, it does not capture the full context of the ongoing, dynamic inter-Korean arms race; a prolonged arms race between the two Koreas has become a new regularity; the qualitative characteristic of the inter-Korean arms race, which is driven by technological advancement, contributes to stability in the arms race; and as the constant mismatch in priority technologies becomes more severe, the changes to the existing asymmetry could increase instability.

This paper offers a diverse perspective to the literature on conflict management and captures the complexities of 21^st-century conflict management. Through a thorough examination of the inter-Korean arms race, it brings readers’ attention to the nested dynamics within the arms race and shows how an intensifying arms race can promote stability. Furthermore, the paper explains the implications for potential instability – fueled by the comprehensive mix of a dynamic qualitative arms race and the US extended nuclear deterrence – in the Indo-Pacific region.

This study aims to provide a flexible and cost-effective solution of 3D heterogeneous integration for applications such as micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) applications and smart sensor systems.

A novel 3D system-in-package (SiP) based on stacked silicon submount technology was successfully developed and well-demonstrated by the fabrication and assembly process of a selected smart lighting module.

The stacked module consists of multiple layers of silicon submounts which can be designed and fabricated in parallel. The bonding and interconnecting process is quite simple and does not require complicated equipment. The 3D stacking design offers higher silicon efficiency and miniaturized package form factor. The submount wafer can be assembled and tested at the wafer level, thus reducing the cost and improving the yield.

The embedding design presented in this paper is applicable for modules with limited number of passives. When it comes to cases with more passive devices, new process needs to be developed to achieve fast, inexpensive and reliable assembly.

The presented 3D SiP design is novel for applications such as smart lighting, Internet of Things, MEMS systems, etc.

The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the mechanical properties and machinability characteristics of additive manufactured titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with conventionally produced wrought titanium alloy,Ti-6Al-4V. The difference in mechanical properties such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, micro hardness, percentage of elongation and their effect on machinability characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness are studied. It was found that higher strength and hardness of SLM Ti-6Al-4V compared to wrought Ti-6Al-4V owing to its peculiar acicular microstructure significantly affected the cutting forces and surface roughness. High cutting forces and low surface roughness were observed during machining of additive manufactured components compared to its wrought counterpart because of their difference in strength, hardness and ductility.

Mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, hardness and percentage of elongation and machinability characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness were studied for both wrought and additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.

Mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness were higher for additive manufactured components as compared to the wrought component. However additive manufactured components significantly lacked in ductility as compared to the wrought parts. Concerning machining, higher cutting forces and lower surface roughness were observed in additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V compared to the wrought part as a result of differences in mechanical properties of these differently processed materials.

This paper, for the first time, discusses the machining capabilities of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.

Supervisor phubbing is an increasingly common behavior depicted by supervisors despite the significance of supervisor–subordinate interactions. This study explores the impact of this behavior on workplace incivility and workplace presenteeism and analyzes the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of power distance.

Data were collected from employees belonging to IT sector. The research was cross-sectional in nature and the data were collected using a structured questionnaire.

The findings indicate a significant impact of supervisor phubbing on self-esteem, workplace incivility and workplace presenteeism. Additionally, results reveal the mediating role of self-esteem between supervisor phubbing and workplace presenteeism. However, the moderating effect of power distance on the relationship between supervisor phubbing and self-esteem was not supported.

The research contributes to the existing literature and theory, especially in the area of supervisor phubbing and communications management. The study suggests a need for comprehensive approach that involves both organizational policies and individual behavior change.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a novel 3D system-in-package (SiP) approach. This new packaging approach is based on stacked silicon submount technology. As demonstrators, a smart lighting module and a sensor systems were successfully developed by using the fabrication and assembly process described in this paper.

The stacked module consists of multiple layers of silicon submounts which can be designed and fabricated in parallel. The 3D stacking design offers higher silicon efficiency and miniaturized package form factor. This platform consists of silicon submount design and fabrication, module packaging, system assembling and testing and analyzing.

In this paper, a smart light emitting diode system and sensor system will be described based on stacked silicon submount and 3D SiP technology. The integrated smart lighting module meets the optical requirements of general lighting applications. The developed SiP design is also implemented into the miniaturization of particular matter sensors and gas sensor detection system.

SiP has great potential of integrating multiple components into a single compact package, which has potential implementation in intelligent applications.

The purpose of this study is to analyze influence of airfoil profile on lateral-directional flying quality of flying wing aircraft. The lateral-directional stability is always insufficient for aircraft with the layout due to the absence of vertical stabilizer. A flying wing aircraft with double-swept wing is used as research object in the paper.

The 3D model is established for the aircraft with flying wing layout, and parametric modeling is carried out for airfoil mean camber line of the aircraft to analyze lateral-directional stability of the aircraft with different camber line parameters. To increase computational efficiency, vortex lattice method is adopted to calculate aerodynamic coefficients and aerodynamic derivatives of the aircraft.

It is found from the research results that roll mode and spiral mode have a little effect on lateral-directional stability of the aircraft but Dutch roll mode is the critical factor affecting flying quality level of such aircraft. Even though changes of airfoil mean line parameters can greatly change assessment parameters of aircraft lateral-directional flying quality, that is kind of change cannot have a fundamental impact on level of flying quality of the aircraft. In case flat shape parameters are determined, the airfoil profile has a limited impact on Dutch roll mode.

Influences of airfoil profile on lateral-directional flying quality of aircraft with double-swept flying wing layout are revealed in the thesis and some important rules and characteristics are also summarized to lay a theoretical basis for design of airfoil and flight control system of aircraft with the layout.

The purpose of this paper is to study a new pathway out of poverty for rural areas through cultivating non-farm employment: the new media utilization.

The authors utilize two waves of nationwide micro survey data in China, China General Social Survey 2005 and 2013, to investigate the impacts of new media coverage on non-farm employment and earnings in rural China with the ordered probit model and instrument variables.

The authors find that promotion of new media coverage can significantly enhance rural non-farm employment in China by 10-20 percent and ultimately increase earnings for rural residents. The findings provide new evidence for the new media as a potential newly emerging pathway out of poverty for rural areas. The conclusions are robust regarding a variety of controls and model specifications, evaluations with alternative measures, examinations within different subsamples, and estimations with constructed pseudo panels.

Encouragement of new media coverage in rural China not only can improve the rural non-farm employment and living standards but also can contribute toward narrowing the differences between urban and rural areas, thereby balancing regional development.

It contributes to the existing literature through primarily empirically investigating the economic functions of new media in rural China.

Drawing from the theory of relationship dynamics, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how the relationship life cycle moderates the link between relationship quality and customer value co-creation. As customer-firm relationships pass through different stages (exploration, buildup, maturity, and decline) characterized by distinct customer behaviors, this study proposes a dynamic conceptual framework.

A questionnaire was administered in financial services firms. The final valid sample comprised 2,000 individuals. Subjective customer information from the questionnaire was combined with objective data that the financial entity provided.

The results demonstrate that the relationship life cycle plays a key moderating role, revealing that, in the buildup and maturity stages, the influence of relationship quality on customer value co-creation is stronger than in the decline stage. However, for customers in the exploration stage, relationship quality does not lead to customer value co-creation behaviors.

As customer relationship stages are constantly evolving, this study provides companies with additional interesting tools to personalize business strategies and to adapt marketing investments to the specific situation of customers.

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to consider how the relationship life cycle influences the strength with which relationship quality promotes customer value co-creation.

Firms across many industries use acquisitions as a vehicle for renewing their capabilities. Many such acquisitions fail to achieve their goals, mainly because of the trade-offs involved in managing the post-acquisition integration process. The acquisition integration process not only is an important phenomenon by itself but also offers a unique opportunity to gain insight into how firms transform their capabilities more generally. Recent strategic management literature has begun to recognize the importance of incorporating individual-level cognitive, motivational and behavioral mechanisms into firm-level explanations, although empirical studies within this vein have been scarce.

This longitudinal inductive study traces the process of capability transformation in an acquisition of a medium-size entrepreneurial firm by a larger corporation.

The authors found that capability transformation involved a continuous interplay of knowledge leveraging and interest alignment mechanisms, converging around a set of practices that were considered critical for the capability. Only after firms achieved an agreement about this set of practices that knowledge leveraging efforts translated into actual performance.

The study contributes to the literature on competitive advantage by developing a better link between the potential advantage derived from the availability of knowledge-based resources and the translation of this availability into actual firm performance. This study also advances knowledge on managing post-acquisition integration process by demonstrating which managerial skills and actions contribute to the integration capability.