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Article
Publication date: 14 January 2022

Bekinew Kitaw Dejene, Terefe Belachew Fenta and Chirato Godana Korra

The potential for burn injuries arises from contact with a hot surface, flame, hot liquid and steam hazards. The purpose of this study is to develop the flame retardant acrylic

Abstract

Purpose

The potential for burn injuries arises from contact with a hot surface, flame, hot liquid and steam hazards. The purpose of this study is to develop the flame retardant acrylic and cotton blend textile finished with Enset Ventricosum pseudostem sap (EPS).

Design/methodology/approach

The two fabric was produced from (30% acrylic with 70% cotton) and (35% acrylic with 65% cotton) blend. The extracted sap was made alkaline and applied on two mordanted blend fabrics. The effect of blend ratio, the concentration of EPS and treatment time on flammability, Flame retardant properties of both the control and the treated fabrics were analyzed in terms of vertical flammability based on the design of the experiment software using central composite design. The air permeability and tensile strength of treated and controlled fabric were measured.

Findings

The blended fabrics at different blended ratios were flame retardant with an optimized result of burning time 2.902 min and 2.775 min and char length 6.442 cm and 7.332 cm in the warp and weft direction, respectively, at a concentration of 520 ml and time 33.588 min. There was a slight significant change in mechanical strengths and air permeability. The thermal degradation and the pyrolysis of the fabric samples were studied using thermogravimetric analysis and the chemical composition by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy abbreviated as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The wash durability of the treated fabric at different blend ratios was carried out for the optimized sample and the test result shows that the flame retardancy property is durable up to 15 washes.

Originality/value

Development of flame retardant cotton and acrylic blend textile fabric finish with ESP was studied; this work provides application of EPS for flame resistance which is optimized statically and successfully applied for a flame retardant property on cotton-acrylic blend fabric.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 27 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2023

Khaled Mohamed Seddik, Lamiaa Khamal El-Gabry and Marwa Atif Ali

This study aims to use hexanediol, pentaerythritol and keratin as crosslinking agents on the acrylic fabric used as garments.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to use hexanediol, pentaerythritol and keratin as crosslinking agents on the acrylic fabric used as garments.

Design/methodology/approach

Plain 1/1 acrylic fabric was produced with 14 and 11 weft yarn/cm using yarn count 28/2 Ne, then it was modified with different agents, and the effect of crosslinking on some of the inherent properties was determined. The color strength as well as washing fastness was evaluated. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined the changes that acted in the structure of the treated acrylic fabrics. Several physical and functional utility characteristics were studied such as stiffness, crease recovery, tensile strength and elongation, pilling, air permeability, absorbency and static electricity.

Findings

Polyacrylonitrile is one of the man-made materials used in the textile field; despite novel characteristics, it has some negative properties, especially in absorbency and pilling, which are improved after treatment.

Originality/value

The results presented that the different conditions that were used with cross-linkers enhanced the acrylic fabrics properties. Where analysis of variance test at P-value 0.05 and radar chart area offered that the treated acrylic fabric with 5% (w/v) keratin accomplished the highest preferable properties for end use.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 October 2020

R. Rathinamoorthy and S. Raja Balasaraswathi

Microfiber is one of the major sources of microplastic emission into the environment. In recent times, research on microfiber has gained momentum, and research across different…

1096

Abstract

Purpose

Microfiber is one of the major sources of microplastic emission into the environment. In recent times, research on microfiber has gained momentum, and research across different disciplines was performed. However, no complete study was performed from the viewpoint of textiles to analyse the microfiber shedding behaviour by relating the properties textiles. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the microfiber shedding behaviour in textiles.

Design/methodology/approach

Articles on the microfiber shedding across different disciplines were collected and analysed systematically to identify the influencing factor. The influence of laundry parameters is found to be majorly discussed section, yet very few research data is found on the effect of yarn and fabric properties on the microfiber shedding.

Findings

Most of the articles listed laundry detergent addition, higher temperature, use of softeners, type of washing machines used and amount of liquid used as the major factors influencing the fiber shedding. Concerning the fiber and yarn characteristics, yarn twist, fiber type (staple/filament), method of production, fabric structure and specific density are reported as influencing factors. Some articles highlighted the influence of ageing of textiles on the fiber shedding.

Originality/value

The review identified the research gap in the textile sector and reports that so far, no research performed on microfiber shedding with the textile parameters. The review further urges the importance of research works to be performed in the textile by considering the fabric and yarn properties.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 33 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 22 September 2021

Neha Mulchandani and Vishaka Karnad

The durability of antimicrobial agents and its effectiveness is the most important factor for consumer usage. One important class of antimicrobial agents are inorganic metals and…

145

Abstract

Purpose

The durability of antimicrobial agents and its effectiveness is the most important factor for consumer usage. One important class of antimicrobial agents are inorganic metals and their metal oxides which can be prepared into nanoparticles and can be imparted to enhance the antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of three different polymeric binders during the application of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the antimicrobial and performance properties of the finished fabric.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by a wet chemical method. The nano-particles size distributions was determined using Nanoplus Dynamic Light Scattering particle size distribution analyzer and concentration of nano ZnO 0.1% (w/v) was applied with 2% (w/v) polymeric binders, namely, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyurethane (PU) and butyl acrylic (BA) on cotton fabric by pad dry cure method. The treated samples were tested for physical properties such as tearing strength, tensile strength, crease recovery and air permeability and antimicrobial properties using test method American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) 100. Further, the content of zinc in the treated samples was determined by the atomic absorption method. The treated fabric was analyzed using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic and also tested for cytotoxicity as per International Organization for Standardization 10993.

Findings

The results indicated that the type of polymeric binders did not show any influence on the uptake of the zinc content. All treated samples showed positive results >99% with regard to antibacterial property. However, the polymeric treated samples showed a difference in physical properties. The ZnO nano-finish reduced the tensile strength and tearing strength of the fabrics. The difference in crease recovery for samples ZnO/PVA and ZnO/PU was not much except for ZnO/BA where it increased by 38%. The air permeability decreased after application for all treated samples, the lowest among treated samples was in ZnO/PU fabric. Further, ZnO/PVA finished fabric was found to retain antibacterial property up to 50 washes and was effective against MS2 Bacteriophage as a surrogate virus when analyzed as per AATCC 100–2012 test method, and therefore can be potentially used as health-care apparel such as doctors coat and scrub suits.

Originality/value

The outcome of this research is in its contribution to the field of reusable textiles. It highlights the use of nanotechnology to design and develop cotton fabrics for antimicrobial properties which has the potential of preventing the growth of harmful bacteria. The study brings forth the use of ZnO nanoparticles mixed with PVA binder on 100% cotton fabrics which exhibits antibacterial and antiviral properties with adequate wash durability. Currently, there is a high demand of effective durable textiles with barrier properties and the present study provides a promising solution to provide reusable textiles with a greater level of protection.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 May 2016

Z.A. Raza, F. Anwar, N. Ahmad, A. Rehman and N. Nasir

The paper aims to improve the protective and comfort properties of both woven and knitted acrylic fabrics by applying a hybrid waterborne polyurethane/fluorocarbon hydrophobic…

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to improve the protective and comfort properties of both woven and knitted acrylic fabrics by applying a hybrid waterborne polyurethane/fluorocarbon hydrophobic finish.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, it was found that the transportation of water from fabrics is one of the important textile parameters. To improve this property, a polyurethane-based finish (Dicrylan BSRN®) and an oil- and water-repellent finish (Oleophobol ZSR®) were applied by using the pad-dry-cure method. After applying the finishes, the resultant fabric samples were investigated for various textile properties.

Findings

The application of Oleophobol ZSR® increased the absorbency time, indicating that the fabric became hydrophobic, whereas the application of Dicrylan BSRN® finish improved the moisture management properties of the woven acrylic. The tensile strength of the woven acrylic fabric was not significantly affected by the application of these finishes. The contact angle of treated knitted fabrics increased and air permeability decreased with an increase in the concentration of Oleophobol ZSR®.

Practical implications

Moisture management is one of the crucial performance criteria in today’s apparel industry. Therefore, fluorochemicals are one of the major precursors used in water-repellent finishes and waterproof membranes in outdoor garments. Based on this fact, this research work focused on the textile sector, where moisture management is required.

Originality/value

This is the first report about the combined application of waterborne polyurethane and fluorochemical-based finishes on acrylic fabrics to tune their comfort and hydrophobic properties.

Article
Publication date: 19 May 2023

Soliyana Gebeyaw, Kura Alemayehu Beyene, Eradu Seid, Zemzem Mustofa and Gideon K. Rotich

This study aims to manufacture alternative window shutters using waste cotton fabrics by stiffening using polyvinyl acetate (PVA) with vinyl acrylic binder solutions.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to manufacture alternative window shutters using waste cotton fabrics by stiffening using polyvinyl acetate (PVA) with vinyl acrylic binder solutions.

Design/methodology/approach

The manufactured fabrics were evaluated for their tensile strength, drapeability, bending length by weight and color fastness to light. And finally, an analysis of variance was done for each parameter.

Findings

As the percent of PVA with a vinyl acrylic solution and the number of layers increased, the tensile strength, drape coefficient (percent), bending length (cm), and color fastness to light increased in both directions. The percent of PVA with a vinyl acrylic solution and the number of layers are statistically significant for each response such as tensile strength, drape coefficient (percent), bending length (cm), color fastness to light and water repellency at a 95% confidence interval. Tensile strength, drape coefficient (%) and bending length (cm) are always greater in the warp direction than in the weft direction. The tensile strength, drape coefficient (percent), bending length (cm) and color fastness to light of treated fabrics samples are greater than those of the untreated fabrics.

Originality/value

The factory waste fabrics can be recycled into window shutters which will provide the cheaper raw material for window shutter manufacturers.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 November 2011

L.K. El Gabry, A. Bendak, M.B. El Hossamy and M.S. Abo Hamr

Acrylic fabrics are treated with aluminum sulphate, copper sulphate, tannic acid and isophthalic-5-sodiumsulphonic acid in different concentrations and various temperatures in…

Abstract

Acrylic fabrics are treated with aluminum sulphate, copper sulphate, tannic acid and isophthalic-5-sodiumsulphonic acid in different concentrations and various temperatures in presence and absence of plasticizer agents, such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). The treatment is carried out by two techniques (padding and exhaustion). Then, pretreated acrylic fabrics are dyed with cationic and acid dyes for various times. The effects of the treatments on the mechanical and physical properties of the treated acrylic fabrics such as moisture regain, roughness, tensile strength, elongation and bending stiffness are thoroughly investigated. Infrared spectroscopic analysis has been used to suggest changes in the treated acrylic fabrics. The dyeability of the treated fabrics by both cationic and acid dyestuffs is studied. The effects of the treatments with metal salts and acids on fastness properties of dyed acrylic fabrics are estimated. The pretreatment improves the dyeability of acrylic fabrics modified with both cationic and acid dyestuffs and also their fastness properties.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 15 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 September 2016

Marjan Barakzehi, Fatemeh Asadi and Ali Akbar Ghareh Aghaji

Pilling is a fabric surface fault comprising of small, fuzzy balls on the surface of a fabric that leads to poor handle and quality. The purpose of this paper is to investigate…

Abstract

Purpose

Pilling is a fabric surface fault comprising of small, fuzzy balls on the surface of a fabric that leads to poor handle and quality. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the fabric color in terms of depth and hue on the visual perception of pilling on the fabric surface.

Design/methodology/approach

Acrylic fabrics were prepared at various color depths and hues and then were applied with relatively equal amount of pilling on the surface of samples. The amount of perceived pilling was evaluated by human observers by employing paired comparison method and the results were analyzed using statistical methods.

Findings

According to the results, color depth and the visual perception of pilling in achromatic sample were nearly independent. Color hue can be considered as an important factor in the visual perception of pilling so when the color contrast between the pill and background decreases, the visual perception of pilling decreases as well. Hence, the achromatic sample have the most amount of pilling perception whereas green and blue samples show less pilling, in visual sensation.

Originality/value

There is a strong demand for acrylic fabrics in apparel industry but they have high tendency for pilling formation. To overcome this problem, experts have suggested some methods to prevent or reduce pilling. If it is proved that color influences on pilling perception, an useful instruction will be available for acrylic fabric manufacturers in order to satisfy their customer with good quality of products. In this work, the authors tried to find such relationships between the color and the pilling perception for human observers.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 28 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 July 2023

Khaled Mostafa, Nader Abdelaziz and Azza El-Sanabary

The purpose of this study is to undertake surface graft copolymerization of viscose fabric via altering its fibrous properties by using acrylic acid (AA) as a carboxyl-containing…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to undertake surface graft copolymerization of viscose fabric via altering its fibrous properties by using acrylic acid (AA) as a carboxyl-containing monomer and peroxydisulfate (PDS) in presence of ferrous sulfate as a novel redox pair for initiating grafting. The latter process acted as an energy-saving process with respect to the reduction in polymerization temperature and maximizing the graft yield %, in addition to rendering the grafted viscose fabrics dye-able with cationic dye (crystal violet), which has frequently no direct affinity to fix on fabric.

Design/methodology/approach

To make graft copolymerization more efficient and economic, the optimum conditions for graft copolymerization were established. The graft yield % was determined as a function of initiator, catalyst and monomer concentrations and the material to liquor ratio, in addition to polymerization time and temperatures. Metrological characterizations via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of topographic morphological surface change have also been established in comparison with the ungrafted samples.

Findings

The maximum graft yield of 70.6% is obtained at the following optimum conditions: monomer (150 % based on the weight of fabric), PDS (50 m mole), ferrous sulfate (80 m mole) and sulfuric acid (30 m mole) at 40° C for 1.5 h using a liquor ratio of 30. Remarkably, grafting with AA enabled a multifold upsurge in color strength, with improvements in the fastness properties of cationically dyed grafted viscose fabric measured on the blue scale in comparison with untreated viscose fabric.

Originality/value

The novelty addressed here is undertaken with studying the effect of altering the extent of grafting of poly (AA)-viscose graft copolymers expressed as graft yield % in addition to carboxyl contents on cationic dyeing of viscose fabric for the first time in the literature. Moreover, rendering the viscose fabrics after grafting is dye-able with cationic dye with high brilliance of shades, which has regularly no direct affinity to fix on this type of fabrics.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 2010

M.M. Kamel, F.A. Nassar, H.M. Helmy and H.H. Kafafy

The dyeing of acrylic fabrics using C.I. Astrazon Basic Golden Yellow GLE is studied with both conventional (CH) and ultrasonic (US) techniques. The factors that affect…

Abstract

The dyeing of acrylic fabrics using C.I. Astrazon Basic Golden Yellow GLE is studied with both conventional (CH) and ultrasonic (US) techniques. The factors that affect dyeability, such as dye bath pH, US power, dyeing time and temperature, are studied. The colour strength values obtained are found to be higher with US than CH heating. Also, the fastness properties of the dyed fabrics are determined with. A comparative study using x-ray and scanning electron microscope (SEM) that is implemented on samples to explain for the better dyeability of acrylic fabrics with the US method. Dyeing kinetics and the time/dye-uptake isotherms reveal enhanced dye-uptake in the second phase of dyeing. The values of the dyeing rate constant, half-time of dyeing and standard affinity, and US efficiency are calculated and discussed.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

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