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The purpose of this paper is to study the wear behavior of as‐cast (AC) and heat treated (HT) triple particle size (TPS) silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced aluminum alloy‐based metal matrix composites (SiC_p/Al‐MMC).

Al‐MMCs were prepared using 20 vol.% SiC reinforcement into aluminum metal matrix and developed using a stir casting process. Stir casting is a primary process of composite production whereby the reinforcement ingredient material is incorporated into the molten metal by stirring. The TPS composite consist of SiC of three different sizes viz., coarse, intermediate, and fine. The solution heat treatment was done on AC composite at 540°C for 4 h followed by precipitation treatment. The wear test was carried out using a pin‐on‐disc type tribo‐test machine under dry sliding condition. A mathematical analysis was also done for power factor values based on wear and friction results. The wear morphology of the damaged surface was also studied using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in this investigation.

The test results showed that HT composite exhibited better wear resistance properties compared to AC composite. It is anticipated that heat treatment could be an effective method of optimizing the wear resistance properties of the developed Al‐MMC material.

This paper provides a way to enhance the wear behavior of automotive tribo‐components such as brake rotor (disc and drum), brake pad, piston cylinder, etc.

This paper compares the wear behavior of AC and HT TPS reinforced Al‐MMC material under dry sliding condition.

The present study aims to investigate the effect of radiation on the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a viscous, electrically conducting Newtonian fluid over rotating disk moving upward/downward immersed in a porous medium, considering the Hall effect. The study is motivated by the various applications in the context of solar power technology, electric power generation, Hall accelerators, MHDs generators and other industrial areas when the fluid flow is subjected to the previously mentioned effects such as MHD, Hall effect and thermal radiation.

Suitable similarity transformations are employed to reduce the governing nonlinear partial differential equations into the nonlinear ordinary ones. The solutions of the reduced system are numerically obtained using the boundary value problem (BVP) Midrich scheme in Maple. The results are presented graphically for vertical disk movement, magnetic parameter, Hall current, Darcy parameter, thermal radiation and Schmidt number. Skin frictions, mass and heat transfer rates are numerically tabulated.

It is revealed that the vertical motion of the disk significantly boosts the radial and annular flows. Moreover, the Hall parameter has contrasting effects on velocity profiles for the range of magnetic field but temperature field is oblivious of this behavior. It is observed that heat and mass transfer considerably enhance along vertical disk movement. Also magnetic field, temperature ratio and radiation parameter significantly enhance the temperature field, while reaction rate parameter and Schmidt number decrease the concentration profile. The current model is calibrated in its reduced form to an already published literature with good correlation to ensure the numerical scheme's validity.

This work is original within the best efforts of the authors.

The aim is to study the tribological behavior of dual particle size (DPS) and triple particle size (TPS) SiC reinforced aluminum alloy‐based metal matrix composites – MMCs (Al/SiC_p MMC).

Al‐MMCs with DPS and TPS of SiC were prepared using 20 wt% SiC and developed using stir‐casting process. The TPS composite consist of three different sizes of SiC and DPS composite consist of two different sizes of SiC. The tribological test was carried out using a pin‐on‐disc type tribo‐test machine under dry sliding condition.

The TPS composite exhibited better wear resistance properties compared to DPS composite. It is anticipated that when a composite is integrated with small, intermediate and large SiC particle sizes (which is known as TPS) within the same composite could be an effective method of optimizing the wear resistance properties of the developed material.

This study provides a way to enhance the tribological behavior of automotive tribo‐components such as brake rotor, piston, cylinder, etc.

This investigation compares the tribological behavior of DPS and TPS SiC reinforced aluminum MMCs.

The aim of this paper is to investigate hydraulic system performance using vegetable‐based palm oil as hydraulic fluid.

The hydraulic system performance test at different operating conditions, such as pressure, speed and oil ageing, was performed using a Yuken vane pump test rig. The endurance system performance test was also conducted for 200 and 400 h. The effect of speed on flow slip coefficient in discrete and continuous tests was studied. In discrete testing, pressure of 35 and 200 bar and speed of 750 and 1,439 rpm were used in determining flow slip coefficient. The instantaneous data were recorded in a computer using an analog‐to‐digital data acquisition system with respect to time and the parameters stored were reservoir temperature, return line temperature, suction and delivery pressures, instantaneous flow rate, total flow, total running time and torque. The obtained results were interpolated for future prediction of the system performance.

The experimental and interpolated results showed that slip coefficient decreases with increasing pump speed. The effect of aging condition on volumetric efficiency showed that the efficiency increases with aging period due to increase in oil viscosity.

This vegetable‐based palm oil could be a potentially useful substitute for mineral‐based energy transport media such as hydraulic fluid.

The investigation of hydraulic system performance using palm oil as hydraulic fluid is scarce in the literature. Therefore, the current study is quite new for the hydraulic system performance and it is hoped that it will provide a high value to researchers for further research before it can be used as hydraulic fluid.

This paper aims to provide a detailed review of various cutting fluids (CFs).

Friction and wear are inevitable in machine parts in motion. The industrial sector uses various kinds of lubricants, which include engine oils, CFs, hydraulic fluids, greases, etc. to control friction and wear. The main purpose of using CF is to remove heat produced during machining and to reduce cutting forces, tool wear and energy associated with it. Thus, it increases the productivity and quality of the manufacturing process. But more than 80% of the CFs used in the industries now are mineral oil-based. These mineral oils and additives are highly undesirable because of their toxicity, nonbiodegradability, pollution and ecological problems. Hence, these petroleum-based oils in the lubrication system can be substituted with alternatives such as vegetable-based CF. Several studies are being conducted in the field of eco-friendly CFs. Because of the variance in fatty acid profile and availability, the selection of vegetable oils (VOs) is another problem faced nowadays. The present study is focused on bio-based oils and many eco-friendly additives. Various machining processes and comparisons relating to the same have also been made. The aim is to minimize the use of mineral oil and thereby introduce sustainability in production.

In this present study, bio-based oils, additives and various characteristic behavior of them in machining are being discussed. The VOs are found to be a potential base oil for industrial CFs.

This paper describes the importance of sustainable CFs.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of micro-pits technology to the problem of tribological performance in a sliding motion.

Vegetable oil is a sustainable and economically viable alternative to both mineral and synthetic oils, offering significant savings in both the cost of research and manufacturing. To solve the depriving issue and boost lubrication film thickness, the micro-pits on the surface may function as reservoirs that provide the oil to the contact inlet area. In this research, an aluminium block is used as the workpiece material in an evaluation of a through pin-on-disc tribotester. Lubricating oil in the form of super olein (SO) was used in the experiment.

The results show that the friction performance during a rubbing process between a hemispherical pin and an aluminium block lubricated with SO using aluminium alloy materials, AA5083, was significantly improved.

In this study, a material that breaks down called SO, which is derived from the fractionation of palm olein, was used to use a modified aluminium micro-pit sample that will serve as a lubricant reservoir in pin-on-disc tribotester.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2023-0200/

To prolong engine life and reduce exhaust pollution caused by gasoline engines, the aim of this paper was to compare the lubrication properties of biofuel (ethanol) blends and pure unleaded gasoline.

Biofuels with a concentration of 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 per cent were added to unleaded gasoline to form ethanol-blended fuels named E0, E1, E2, E5 and E10. Next, the ethanol-blended fuels and unleaded gasoline were used to power engines to facilitate comparisons between the pollution created from exhaust emissions.

Using ethanol as a fuel additive in pure unleaded gasoline improves engine performance and reduces exhaust emissions. Because bioethanol does not contain lead but contains low aromatic and high oxygen content, it induces more complete combustion compared with conventional unleaded gasoline.

Using biofuels as auxiliary fuel reduces environmental pollution, strengthens local agricultural economy, creates employment opportunities and reduces demand for fossil fuels.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process parameters and optimise the machining input parameter of powder mixed electric discharge machining for high carbon high chromium alloy steel (D2 steel) for the industrial application. Grey relational analysis approach has been used to obtain the multiple performance output response.

In this experimental work, input parameters, namely, pulse on-time, discharge current, tool material and grit size, are selected. The design of the experiment has been constructed with the help of MINITAB 7 Software, in which L16 orthogonal array has been preferred for the experimentation. The effect of input parameters, namely, material removal rate, tool wear rate and surface roughness, is investigated. Grey relational analysis and analysis of variance are performed to optimise the input parameters and better output results.

In this experimentation, there is an increment of tool wear rate by 64.49 per cent, material removal rate by 47.14 per cent and surface roughness by 35.82 per cent.

A lot of practical applications have been found in many different material processing industries like metallurgy, machinery, electronics, transportation, military science, agricultural machinery, etc. These practical applications have brought forward definite and noticeable economic benefits.

The reader is given a general overview on the machining investigation and optimisation of processes parameters through the grey theory approach. It gives a new framework to investigate the problems where multiple input machining variable and various output responses are obtained in single optimised parameters.