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The purpose of this paper is to propose a template‐based framework for nasal prosthesis fabrication using a 3D areal scanner and a CT scanner.

Use of a self‐designed 3D areal scanner enables acquisition of accurate data describing the patient's face. Patients with nasal defects have no organization for reference, but the template‐based model construction method can ensure successful building of the outer surface of the nasal prosthesis. Since the areal scanner has some difficulties acquiring data for concave areas, preoperative CT data are used to provide concave information, enabling construction of the inner surface for the nasal prosthesis. The combined inner and outer surfaces are used to generate the completed nasal prosthesis.

The results showed that the nasal prosthesis fits the patient's appearance well. Clinical applications confirmed that this framework is attractive and has the potential desired nasal prosthesis in daily clinical practice.

The results of this study improve the fabrication accuracy of nasal prostheses. The construction and development technique employs a nasal digital library, 3D areal scanning data and CT scanning data. This technique facilitates fabrication of precise nasal prostheses while helping the patients predict the effect before the prosthesis is manufactured.

This template‐based framework has strong potential for clinical applications because of its advantages over other methods in terms of accuracy, speed, safety, and cost.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a processing system for 3D dress geometry modelling and texture mapping.

Since the range image and its corresponding texture from one direction could be acquired by areal 3D scanner simultaneously, the texture can be integrated into the range image exactly. In the geometry modelling stage, the graph‐based algorithm is used for multi‐view registration. In order to enhance its robustness, a method for judging bad pairwise registration is proposed based on the computation of two views' overlapping percentage. In order to enrich its completeness, combined the graph analysis with the metaview method is used to deal with the measurement data for local details. In the texture mapping stage, based on grid search structure, the method of solving the Poisson equation for the colour field that best fits the colour gradients can produce a seamlessly textured surface quickly.

Results show that the processing system can provide a 3D textured dress geometry model with no seams and low distortion successfully.

The processing system can provide an accurate 3D dress geometry model, which can be used to modify the further design or virtual try.

A 3D dress geometry model with no seams and low distortion provides the fashion designer with not only the visual effects, but also accurate data used for design modification.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a visual try-in evaluation framework for the template-guided modelling of a nasal prosthesis.

For patients with nasal defects, there is no self-information that can be used for the fabrication of the nasal prosthesis. Based on model retrieval from a database, the template-guided model construction method can ensure successful building of the nasal prosthesis. The deviation measurement between the two mid-planes of pre-operative and visual post-operative patient’s face allowed a virtual try-in approach in the symmetry evaluation of the prosthetic rehabilitation. The test of fit between the prosthesis model and the surrounding tissue data also provided an evaluation of whether the nasal prosthesis fit the patient’s appearance well before operation.

A case study confirmed that this visual try-in evaluation framework has potential to design the desired nasal prosthesis for daily clinical practice.

This technique facilitates modelling of nasal prostheses while helping to predict the effect before the prosthesis is manufactured.

This visual try-in evaluation framework has great potential for use in clinical applications because of its advantages on the aesthetic evaluation of the prosthetic rehabilitation.

The purpose of this study is to use the Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) additive manufacturing (AM) technique for manufacturing a liver phantom which can mimic the corresponding soft living tissue. One of the possible applications is surgical planning.

A thermo-reversible Pluronic® F-127-based support bath is used for the FRESH technique. To verify how three-dimensional (3D)-printed new materials can mimic liver tissue, dynamic mechanical analysis and oscillation shear rheometry tests are carried out to identify mechanical characteristics of different 3D printed silicone samples. Additionally, the differential scanning calorimetry was done on the silicone samples. Then, a validation of a 3D printed silicone liver phantom is performed with a 3D scanner. Finally, the surface topography of the 3D printed liver phantom was fulfiled and microscopy analysis of its surface.

Silicone samples were able to mimic the liver, therefore obtaining the first soft phantom of the liver using the FRESH technique.

Because of the use of soft silicones, surgeons could practice over these improved phantoms which have an unprecedented degree of living tissue mimicking, enhancing their rehearsal experience before surgery.

An improvement in surgeons surgery skills would lead to a bettering in the patient outcome.

The first research study was carried out to mimic soft tissue and apply it to the 3D printing of organ phantoms using AM FRESH technique.

This paper seeks to describe an innovative new technology for digitizing the shapes of 3D objects quickly and accurately, which uses accordion fringe interferometry (AFI).

Laser beams cast fringe patterns on objects, a digital camera captures images and software constructs point clouds of data. A software package then analyzes the point cloud to extract information such as dimensions or variations in shape for subsequent operations.

The AFI approach has already been applied to a number of applications such as: inspection of jet engine airfoils, repair of composite structures and inspection of very delicate objects.

Point cloud digital shape scanning will find an ever increasing number of applications which will benefit from this fast, accurate and non‐contact three‐dimensional digitizing technology.

Users now have a totally new means for capturing dense, three‐dimensional data.

The purpose of study is to investigate effectiveness of pattern technique in relation to the use of anthropometric references for drafting women's basic bodice patterns by assessing characteristics of pattern formation, quantification of wearing ease on the transverse plan and actual ease distribution on body forms.

Three pattern drafting techniques were analyzed, which have different frequency of using direct body measurements for pattern formulation. Ease quantification and wearing ease distribution were evaluated on the two different body forms: a young female body and a heavy woman body. Women's basic bodice patterns were drafted with YUKA CAD and virtually draped on the two body forms with CLO 3D. Rapidform was used to evaluate garment appearance. Areal ease and its distribution were assessed. A deviation map was used for wrinkle analysis.

Compared to the pattern formation derived from few anthropometric references, patterns using sufficient anthropometric references provided overall better fit for the different body forms. Ease distribution without considering body arcs was found to be a cause of garment fit problems. Patterns with little or no ease caused transverse fine wrinkles and skewed side seams. Pattern techniques those used linear equations caused problems on the bust because the formulation could not reflect bust protrusions in relation to the body torso shape differences.

This study revealed characteristics of pattern formulae and linear equations in relation to anthropometric references and body shapes. The findings may be effective in developing algorithm of the customized pattern formation in the industry.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of layer thickness, aspect ratio, part thickness and build orientation on distortion to have a better understanding of its behavior in material jetting technology.

Specimens with two layer thicknesses (14 and 28 µm) were printed in two aspect ratios (2:1) and (10:1), four thickness values (1, 2, 3 and 4 mm) and three build orientations (45d, XY and YX) and scanned with a wide-area 3D surface scanner to quantify distortion. The material used to build the test specimens was a commercially available resin, VeroWhitePlus RGD835.

The results of this study showed that all printed specimens by material jetting 3D printers had some level of distortion. The 1-mm thickness specimens, for both layer thicknesses of 14 µm and 28 µm, showed a wide range of anomalies including reverse coil set (RCS), reverse cross bow (RCB), cross bow (CB), wavy edge (WE) and some moderate twisting (T). Similar occurrences were observed for the 2-mm thickness specimens as there were RCS, WE, RCB and T anomalies that show the difference between the thinner specimens (1- and 2-mm) with the thicker ones (3- and 4-mm). In both 3- and 4-mm thickness specimens, there was more consistency in terms of distortion with mainly RCS and RCB anomalies. In total, six different types of flatness anomalies were found to occur with the following incidences: reverse coil set (91 specimens, 63.19%), reverse cross bow (50 specimens, 34.72%), wavy edge (23 specimens, 15.97%), twist (19 specimens, 12.50%), coil set (11 specimens, 7.64%) and cross bow (7 specimens, 4.86%).

This study expands the research on how the preprocess parameters such as layer thickness and build orientation and the geometrical parameters such as part thickness and aspect ratio cause dimensional distortion. Distortion is a pervasive consequence of the curing process in photopolymerization and explores one of the most common defects that come across in polymeric-based additive manufacturing. In addition to the characterization of the type and magnitude of distortion, the contributions of this work also include establishing the foundation for design guidelines aiming at minimizing distortion in material jetting.

Although many researchers have widely studied additive manufacturing (AM) as one of the most important industrial revolutions, few have presented a bibliometric analysis of the published studies in this area. This paper aims to evaluate AM research trends based on 4607 publications most cited from year 2010 to 2020.

The research methodology is bibliometric indicators and network analysis, including analysis based on keywords, citation analysis, productive journal, related published papers and authors indicators. Two free available software were employed VOSviewer and Bibexcel.

Keywords analysis results indicate that among the AM processes, Selective Laser Melting and Fused Deposition Modeling techniques, are the two processes ranked on top of the techniques employed and studied with 35.76% and 20.09% respectively. The citation analysis by VOSviewer software, reveals that the medical applications field and the fabrication of metal parts are the areas that interest researchers greatly. Different new research niches, as pharmaceutical industry, digital construction and food fabrication are growing topics in AM scientific works. This study reveals that journals “Materials & design”, “Advanced materials”, “Acs applied materials & interfaces”, “Additive manufacturing”, “Advanced functional materials” and “Biofabrication” are the most productive and influential in AM scientific research.

The results and conclusions of this work can be used as indicators of trends in AM research and/or as prospects for future studies in this area.

Examines the thirteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.

The purpose of this paper is to propose an imperfect symmetry transform framework for orbital prosthesis modelling.

Current models of patients with orbital defects have imperfect symmetries. Commonly used methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) or iterative closest points algorithm (ICP), do not detect perfect symmetries and therefore produce poor results. The authors propose an improved ICP algorithm based on the M‐estimator, which can remove outliers from the optimization and detect incorrect symmetry. Using this algorithm, the mid‐facial plane of a patient's facial model can be precisely obtained despite perturbation of the facial shape due to the defect.

The results showed that the orbital prosthesis fitted well to the patient's appearance. Clinical applications confirmed that this framework is attractive and has the potential for use in creating desired orbital prostheses or other bilateral maxillofacial prostheses in daily clinical practice.

The method described in this report will improve the fabrication accuracy of orbital prostheses or other bilateral maxillofacial prostheses.

This imperfect symmetry transform framework has great potential for use in clinical applications because of its advantages over other existing methods in terms of accuracy.