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This study aims to simulate gust effects on the aeroelastic behavior of a flexible aircraft. The dynamic response of the system for different discreet gust excitations is obtained using numerical simulations.

Coupled dynamics, including rigid and flexible body coordinates, are considered for modeling the dynamic behavior of the aircraft. Wing is considered flexible and other parts are considered rigid. Wing is modeled with nonlinear Euler Bernoulli beam. Moreover, unsteady aerodynamics based on the Wagner function are used for aerodynamic loading, and the results are compared with those of quasi-steady aerodynamics.

Von Kármán continuous gust is applied to this aircraft. In addition, the discrete “1- cosine” gust with different gust lengths is applied to the aircraft, and the maximum and minimum accelerations are computed. It is shown that the nonlinear modeling of the system represents the actual behavior and causes limit cycle oscillation phenomena.

This methodology can yield a relatively simple dynamic model for high aspect ratio aircrafts to provide insights into the vehicles’ dynamics, which can be available early in the design cycle.

Explores attitudes towards abortion in the USA and whether or not they have changed during the period 1977‐1993 (based on data from the National Opinion Research Centre’s General Social Survey). Describes the research methodology used and how the data was analysed, testing for attitudinal change by age, gender and race, through a comparison of mean scale scores, longitudinal analysis, and multiple regression. Finds that younger people are more pro‐choice but that there has been an increase in pro‐life attitudes among women and pro‐choice among men. Indicates that racial differences on abortion are declining. Reveals that increased religiosity affects attitudes towards abortion, which may account for black women generally being more pro‐life. Notes, also, that respondents with higher levels of education were more pro‐choice. Refers to a particular legal decision on abortion, which, it was thought, had prompted a pro‐choice attitude, but finds that this is not actually the case.

Examines the extent to which social policy adopted by the colonial government in Hong Kong (prior to its hand‐over China in 1997) has set the agenda for the government of the newly formed Special Administrative Region (SAR). Chronicles the historical development of social policy in Hong Kong since the inception of the colonial government in 1842; identifies that, with the exception of a short‐lived period of expansionism (stimulated by social unrest in the mid‐1960’s) social welfare provision appears to have been low on the government’s agenda and incremental in nature ‐ the emphasis being on economic growth, rather than public spending on welfare programmes. Examines the strengths and weaknesses of this incremental approach; outlines the commitment of the SAR government to the market economy and its proposals for a modest increase in welfare provision, essentially building on the legacy left behind by the colonial government.

Gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied for the linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic analyses of basic structural elements from the theoretical as well as practical points of view. The range of applications of FEMs in this area is wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore aims to give the reader an encyclopaedic view on the subject. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains 2,025 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations dealing with the analysis of beams, columns, rods, bars, cables, discs, blades, shafts, membranes, plates and shells that were published in 1992‐1995.

HARROGATE will be notable as the venue of the Conference in one or two ways that distinctive. The Association Year is now to begin on January 1st and not in September as heretofore; and, in consequence, there will be no election of president or of new council until the end of the year. The Association's annual election is to take place in November, and the advantages of this arrangement must be apparent to everyone who considers the matter. Until now the nominations have been sent out at a time when members have been scattered to all parts of the country on holiday, and committees of the Council have been elected often without the full consideration that could be given in the more suitable winter time. In the circumstances, at Harrogate the Chair will still be occupied by Sir Henry Miers, who has won from all librarians and those interested in libraries a fuller measure of admiration, if that were possible, than he possessed before he undertook the presidency. There will be no presidential address in the ordinary sense, although Sir Henry Miers will make a speech in the nature of an address from the Chair at one of the meetings. What is usually understood by the presidential address will be an inaugural address which it is hoped will be given by Lord Irwin. The new arrangement must bring about a new state of affairs in regard to the inaugural addresses. We take it that in future there will be what will be called a presidential address at the Annual Meeting nine months after the President takes office. He will certainly then be in the position to review the facts of his year with some knowledge of events; he may chronicle as well as prophesy.

Outlines the Libertarian framework of rights and obligations in abortion. Argues that abortion is homicide based upon the scientific and philosophic evidence available and disputes further points believed by abortion proponents.

Subsonic jet transport has been with us now for about a quarter of a century. There are young people starting their careers today who have never known a sky without jet noise and the V‐wing silhouette of a passenger carrying aircraft. Indeed, it must seem to them as permanent a feature of our world as the steam train between the world wars to people such as myself; the big difference is, as I hope to show, that air transport has not yet reached a development plateau.

Debates why and how some practices become universal – taking as a case in point closed‐chest massage (CCCM). Points out that CCCM was recognized in 1960 and its use generated heated debates, which altered the technique and reshuffled existing infrastructures. Claims that debates act as a catalyst for university. Investigates the emergence of CCCM, the debate on the merits (or otherwise) of closed versus open‐chested cardiac massage, and who could use the method of CCCM. Indicates that CCCM only became universally practised when it was incorporated into the infrastructure for dealing with emergency cases, and thus became taken for granted.

Current technology offers many possibilities for remote communication. Nevertheless, people with cognitive and communicative disabilities have limited access to common communication technology like text messaging via a mobile phone. This study is part of the project Text messaging with picture symbols ‐ possibilities for persons with cognitive and communicative disabilities. Semi‐structured interviews were used to investigate the experience of using Windows mobiles with adapted functions for text messaging by three men and four women. The participants' opinions about the content and organisation of the project were also evaluated. All participants except one experienced increased possibilities for remote communication via text messaging. Increased participation was another relevant finding. Technical aids and interventions were individually tailored and the majority of the participants thought that Talking Mats for goal setting and repeated interviews during the project had been successful methods.

The research objectives of this paper are to propose explanations for why some service firms are disguising commercially sponsored messages as genuine word‐of‐mouth (W‐O‐M) and to discuss the potentially harmful consequences that they can encounter as a result of this strategy.

Objectives are achieved through conceptual analysis of extant literature.

This paper finds that service firms may be placing messages disguised as W‐O‐M on internet blogs due to the recent popularity of blogging, the sheer power of W‐O‐M in the marketing mix, and because services offerings often entail experience qualities. Using a different platform, some service firms may utilize brand pushers because the social risk inherent in some service purchases leads consumers to rely more heavily on perceived social norms. Moreover, brand pushers are able to offer vivid message content in a flexible format. Lastly, various companies within the service sector may be asking celebrities to present their paid endorsements under the guise of unsponsored W‐O‐M because genuine support is a critical driver of endorser effectiveness.

Service practitioners are advised of the potential erosion of customer commitment and trust that can result from presenting a commercial message under the guise of sincere W‐O‐M. Ethical and legal implications of such strategies are also outlined.

This paper fills a gap in the services literature in that it specifically addresses the motivations and potential consequences that service firms can encounter by disguising a sponsored message as genuine W‐O‐M.