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The aim of this paper is to explore Tumpeng, a Javanese traditional food that recently became an Indonesian icon for traditional cuisine with an emphasis on the philosophical meaning and wisdom behind the food and the tradition.

The paper describes and explores the history of Tumpeng, explains the meaning of all aspects of Tumpeng, from the shape, colour and the items available. Tumpeng as the symbol of relation of mankind with God, society and environment is also analysed along with its position in the nutrition education progress in Indonesia. Future perspectives of Tumpeng are also given in the paper.

Tumpeng is an integral part of traditional ceremony in Java in every stage of human life. The shape, colour and items themselves are a symbol of the relation to God, prosperity and guidance for Javanese people in their daily lives. Tumpeng has been used for nutritional educational purposes in Indonesia due to its popularity. Moreover, the utilisation of Tumpeng has been spread to all over Indonesia and the popularity is increasing. Nevertheless, the existence is shifting to a merely economic purpose. The meaning and wisdom behind Tumpeng are slowly being eroded.

This paper gives a description and explanation about a traditional Javanese food – Tumpeng – regarding the history, meaning and its future perspective.

The research aims to investigate the value of local wisdom, analyse local wisdom for the harmony of a multicultural society and discover forms of inheritance of local wisdom for maintaining peace.

Qualitative research was used in this research. The primary data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Secondary data were obtained through reports from agencies, such as Social Services and Central Bureau of Statistics, literature studies and news from the internet. The data validity technique used was source triangulation. The data were analysed with stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion.

The results showed that the local wisdom sedekah bumi, selamatan malam 1 suro, sadranan and kuda lumping contain values related to religion, cooperation, harmony, togetherness, kinship and cohesiveness; the implementation of local wisdom can strengthen social harmony; and the inheritance of local wisdom takes place sustainably from families and communities to the younger generation.

The research was conducted during the peak of COVID-19 cases in Central Java, Indonesia. Therefore, the data could not be obtained maximally.

This research contributes widely not only to the village studied but also to other communities with similar conditions.

The inheritance of local wisdom can help maintain peace, unify societies and offer solution to social conflicts by implementing traditions containing humanity and peaceful values.

This research offers a new insight concerning the inheritance of local wisdom that can function as a tool to achieve a peaceful society and prevent social disasters from occurring.

Strategic management, system control management (balance score card).

Post graduate student, managers.

This case examines “Garuda Indonesia” the National Indonesia airline and its exceptional performance in recent years due to successful strategic decision making. This comprehensive case is structured in five parts highlighting: Garuda's recent success based on positive strategic management; Garuda's history and how it shaped its success against strong competition through effective leadership and the challenges it has overcome; an examination of the development within the Indonesian airline industry; a focused examination of strategic development with Garuda, including competition policy; operational planning and delivery; debt restructuring and product/service strategy; and an examination of the ongoing challenges, including governmental pressures and political maneuvering.

Students will identify opportunities and threats, including strategic issues derived from the external environment facing by Garuda Indonesia. Students will identify strengths and weaknesses from the internal environment faced by Garuda Indonesia. Students will develop strategic alternatives to inform business decisions. Students will give recommendations including priority planning for the next three to five years.

Teaching note.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the concept of competitive advantage and the value of Catur Paramitha on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sarbagita.

The design of this research used a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory with explorative and phenomenological approaches.

The relationship of the concept of competitive advantage orientation and the value of Catur Paramitha on SMEs in Sarbagita forms the characters SMEs’ business actors, namely, first, fair competition without hurting or harming others can be avoided. Second, the emergence of business cooperation with various business characters can form a wise entrepreneurial spirit. Third, making the entrepreneur more professional in managing the business. Fourth, forming a happy attitude to help others, making cooperation.

The integration of applied values of local wisdom on the concept of competitive advantage orientation in building business in SME sector in Bali as a guideline for managers and lead the business.

The originality of this research was conceptually, building the concept of competitive advantage with local wisdom in developed countries has done by many. However, the local wisdom in developed countries is very different from the local wisdom in Indonesia, especially in Bali. Not all the main characteristics of the basic concept of cultural values in developed countries are applicable and in accordance with local conditions and cultures in the context of country. In addition, the concept of competitive advantage in developed countries is often assumed to operate in a stable and predictable business environment.