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The Secretary of State in exercise of his powers under section 8(2) of the Employment Medical Advisory Service Act 1972 and of all other powers enabling him in that behalf, hereby…
The Minister of Social Security, in conjunction with the Treasury so far as relates to matters with regard to which the Treasury have so directed, in exercise of powers conferred…
Abstract
The Minister of Social Security, in conjunction with the Treasury so far as relates to matters with regard to which the Treasury have so directed, in exercise of powers conferred by sections 35, 73, 75(2), 81(3) and (4) and schedule 11, paragraph 17, of the National Insurance Act 1965, as amended by sections 8 and 9 of the National Insurance Act 1966, and of all other powers enabling her in that behalf and for the purpose only of consolidating the regulations hereby revoked, after consultation with the Council on Tribunals, hereby makes the following regulations:—
Alistair R. Anderson and Ellina O. Russell
Regulations and complying with regulation are a considerable burden on small firms, which consistently report that regulation is an obstacle to growth. Regulation for small…
Abstract
Purpose
Regulations and complying with regulation are a considerable burden on small firms, which consistently report that regulation is an obstacle to growth. Regulation for small business includes financial and psychological costs and worry about non‐compliance. Accordingly, regulation inflation raises increasing difficulties in understanding and complying with new regulation. Time and resources are diverted from running or growing the business. This paper explores self‐regulation as a mechanism for resolving the problems of regulation.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors first sets out the “regulation problem” as seen by the research community and by small business. The analysis explores the issues associated with small business regulation and compliance. They show that “imposed” regulation is expensive and may not be very effective. They continue by examining the nature of self‐regulation and consider a case study: the auto trade.
Findings
Self‐regulation can have beneficial effects. All regulation need not be top down control and command and self‐regulation can be effective if done well.
Practical implications
Self‐regulation seems to offer a number of advantages over legislation for small businesses, but it appears that a number of conditions need to be met if they are to be seen as effective. The authors discuss the implications and benefits of SFROs as an alternative way of assuring regulatory compliance.
Originality/value
Self‐regulation presents an attractive solution to some of the problems encountered by small business regulation through providing a credible, flexible and cost effective alternative to command and control legislation.
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The Industrial Injuries Joint Authority, in exercise of powers conferred by section 33(2)(a) of the National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1965 and the Secretary of State…
Abstract
The Industrial Injuries Joint Authority, in exercise of powers conferred by section 33(2)(a) of the National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1965 and the Secretary of State for Social Services, in exercise of his powers under section 30A of that Act (added by section 10(1) of the National Insurance Act 1971) and of all other powers enabling them in that behalf and after reference to the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council hereby make the following regulations:—
The Minister of Social Security, in conjunction with the Treasury so far as relates to matters with regard to which the Treasury have so directed, in exercise of powers conferred…
Abstract
The Minister of Social Security, in conjunction with the Treasury so far as relates to matters with regard to which the Treasury have so directed, in exercise of powers conferred by sections 35, 73, 75(2), 81(3) and (4) and schedule 11, paragraph 17, of the National Insurance Act 1965(a), as amended by sections 8 and 9 of the National Insurance Act 1966(b), and of all other powers enabling her in that behalf and for the purpose only of consolidating the regulations hereby revoked, hereby makes the following regulations:—
This paper provides a perspective on the field of nonmarket strategy. It does not attempt to survey the literature but instead focuses on the substantive content of research in…
Abstract
This paper provides a perspective on the field of nonmarket strategy. It does not attempt to survey the literature but instead focuses on the substantive content of research in the field. The paper discusses the origins of the field and the roles of nonmarket strategy. The political economy framework is used and contrasted with the current form of the resource-based theory. The paper argues that research should focus on the firm level and argues that the strategy of self-regulation can be useful in reducing the likelihood of challenges from private and public politics. The political economy perspective is illustrated using three examples: (1) public politics: Uber, (2) private politics: Rainforest Action Network and Citigroup, and (3) integrated strategy and private and public politics: The Fast Food Campaign. The paper concludes with a discussion of research issues in theory, empirics, and normative assessment.
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Fumitaka Kurauchi, Yasunori Iida and Hirofumi Shimada
Road network performance when a large disaster happens depends on how the road traffic is regulated. To evaluate the performance of the road network, one should consider the…
Abstract
Road network performance when a large disaster happens depends on how the road traffic is regulated. To evaluate the performance of the road network, one should consider the traffic regulation in an emergent condition. Authors have proposed the idea of area traffic regulation when a large disaster occurs (Iida, et al., 2000). In the former paper, a bi-level optimisation model to calculate the optimal regulation ratio is proposed. This paper proposes an efficient and fast method to calculate regulation ratios for two-stage road traffic regulation. The simplified model adopts linear programming method instead of bi-level optimisation method, which is quicker and simpler. The simpler algorithm contributes to conduct various kinds of case studies, and helps finding a reliability of the road network considering traffic regulations after a disaster.
Concerns over the erosion of public trust have led British and Canadian parliamentarians to introduce some form of independent element in their arrangements for regulating…
Abstract
Concerns over the erosion of public trust have led British and Canadian parliamentarians to introduce some form of independent element in their arrangements for regulating political ethics, while legislators in the U.S. are refusing to make similar changes even if they also face severe problems of declining confidence in politics. To explain these differences, this chapter shows how ethics regulation processes are self-reinforcing over time, leading to more rules enforced through self-regulation mechanisms or to path-shifting changes where legislatures, hoping to break the ethics inflationary cycle, opt for a more depoliticized form of ethics regulation.
Deregulation and other factors permit and encourage financial institutions to become more integrated, both within their own (financial) industries, such as banking and insurance…
Abstract
Deregulation and other factors permit and encourage financial institutions to become more integrated, both within their own (financial) industries, such as banking and insurance, and across these industries. Financial regulators have responded with like integration. As financial institutions increasingly compete with firms from other industries and areas, financial regulators similarly compete more across borders. The resulting competition in financial regulation enhances innovation, choice, and efficiency. The advent of home-run regulation, which in general allows financial institutions to adhere only to the financial regulations of their home area and is spreading across the US and Europe, may allow numerous regulatory regimes within a given market.
Sandra A. Lawrence, Ashlea C. Troth, Peter J. Jordan and Amy L. Collins
Research in industrial and organizational psychology demonstrates that the regulation of negative emotions in response to both organizational stressors and interpersonal workplace…
Abstract
Research in industrial and organizational psychology demonstrates that the regulation of negative emotions in response to both organizational stressors and interpersonal workplace interactions can result in functional and dysfunctional outcomes (Côté, 2005; Diefendorff, Richard, & Yang, 2008). Research on the regulation of negative emotions has additionally been conducted in social psychology, developmental psychology, neuropsychology, health psychology, and clinical psychology. A close reading of this broader literature, however, reveals that the conceptualization and use of the term “emotion regulation” varies within each research field as well as across these fields. The main focus of our chapter is to make sense of the term “emotion regulation” in the workplace by considering its use across a broad range of psychology disciplines. We then develop an overarching theoretical framework using disambiguating terminology to highlight what we argue are the important constructs involved in the process of intrapersonal emotion generation, emotional experience regulation, and emotional expression regulation in the workplace (e.g., emotional intelligence, emotion regulation strategies, emotion expression displays). We anticipate this chapter will enable researchers and industrial and organizational psychologists to identify the conditions under which functional regulation outcomes are more likely to occur and then build interventions around these findings.