Policing: An International Journal: Volume 22 Issue 1

Assessing the incapacitative effects of pepper spray during resistive encounters with the police

Robert J. Kaminski, Steven M. Edwards, James W. Johnson

This article investigates the effectiveness of pepper spray as a means of aiding arrest. The authors aim to provide a more rigorous study than has previously been achieved. Data…

The policing dynamic

Keith Bryett

Change is a feature of the liberal democracies. Despite its ubiquitous nature, however, one key factor in these democracies, the police, has been noted for its conservatism. This…

Senior Australian law enforcement leadership under examination

Iain L. Densten

This study compares leadership behaviors of senior Australian police officers with leadership norms established by Bass and Avolio (1990). A sample of 480 senior officers recorded…

Assessing the value of police pursuit

Robert E. Crew, Robert A. Hart

This article develops a method for assessing the costs and benefits of police pursuit. Using pursuit data from the State of Minnesota and cost and benefit data from both the…

The status of community policing in American cities: Facilitators and impediments revisited

Jihong Zhao, Nicholas P. Lovrich, Quint Thurman

“Community policing” has become the watchword for organizational change among law enforcement agencies across the USA over the past several years. In particular, concerted efforts…

Policy restrictiveness and police pursuits

Conan Becknell, G. Larry Mays, Dennis M. Giever

Police officers frequently receive criticism for excessive use of force and, at times, the criticism becomes litigation. The use of excessive force is manifest in areas such as…