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The pattern of serum zinc and its contributing factors among third trimester pregnant women in Urmia, Iran, 2018

Masoomeh Gholizadeh (Department of Human Nutritional, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Saeid Ghavamzadeh (Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Beverage Safety Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Hamid Reza Khalkhali (Patient Safety Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Ali Sadaghianifar (Urmia Health Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)

Nutrition & Food Science

ISSN: 0034-6659

Article publication date: 10 December 2019

Issue publication date: 22 April 2020

131

Abstract

Purpose

The deficiency or excess of serum zinc in pregnancy may threaten the health of the mother and the fetus. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of serum zinc in pregnant women covered by Urmia urban health centers and its association with some nutritional and clinical determinants in the third trimester, from July to December 2018.

Design/methodology/approach

In this analytic cross-sectional study, of six selected health centers in Urmia, 400 pregnant women subjects who were in their third trimester were recruited in a simple random manner. The nutritional, demographic, clinical data as well as fasting blood samples were taken from each of the subjects. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test and logistic regression tests.

Findings

The study revealed that about 3 per cent of pregnant women had zinc deficiency, 70.2 per cent were normal and 26.8 per cent had high serum zinc levels. In 388 pregnant women (72.4 per cent with normal serum zinc and 27.6 per cent with high serum zinc), binary logistic regression model showed that high concentration of serum zinc was directly associated with dietary intake zinc (OR: 2.252; 95 per cent CI: 1.85-2.74), supplement zinc (OR: 7.823; 95 per cent CI: 3.676-16.649) and total intake magnesium (OR: 1.005; 95 per cent CI: 1.000-1.01) and inversely associated with frequent reproductive cycling (OR: 0.739; 95 per cent CI: 0.569-0.959).

Originality/value

Pregnant women in Urmia probably have high concentrations of serum zinc, and it is likely related to consumption of the zinc supplementation. Supplementation programs need to be scaled up for pregnant women that take inadequate dietary zinc.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

This study was extracted from an MS dissertation with license code of IR.UMSU.REC.1397.130 obtained from the ethics committee of the research center at Urmia University of Medical Sciences. This work was funded by the research committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Funding agency had no role in the design, analysis and writing this article. Hereby, we appreciate all who participated in this study.

Funding: The Research Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSU.REC.1397.130), Urmia, Iran.

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Citation

Gholizadeh, M., Ghavamzadeh, S., Khalkhali, H.R. and Sadaghianifar, A. (2020), "The pattern of serum zinc and its contributing factors among third trimester pregnant women in Urmia, Iran, 2018", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 50 No. 3, pp. 601-614. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-07-2019-0234

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited

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