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The association between dietary fatty acid intake and gallstone disease: a case-control study

Amir Sadeghi (Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Negar Raissi-Dehkordi (Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Moloud Ghorbani (Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran)
Reyhaneh Rastegar (Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Mohammadreza Zali (Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Nastaran Raissi-Dehkordi (Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Zahra Yari (Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)
Azita Hekmatdoost (Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)

Nutrition & Food Science

ISSN: 0034-6659

Article publication date: 4 February 2025

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Abstract

Purpose

The present study was designed with the aim of investigating the association between different dietary fatty acids and the risk of Gallstone disease (GSD).

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a hospital-based, case-control study on 189 newly diagnosed GSD patients and 342 controls. Total fat and individual fatty acids, including monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were assessed.

Findings

Increased risk of GSD was observed in the highest tertile of total dietary fat (OR = 1.6, CI 95%: 1.09–2.8, p = 0.002) in the fully adjusted model. Comparing the highest intake with the first tertile, showed that intake of PUFA was significantly associated with a decrease in the risk of GSD (OR = 0.87, CI 95%: 0.5–1.5, p = 0.001), and intake of SFA (OR = 1.3, CI 95%: 1.07–2.2, p = 0.001) was associated with an increase in the risk of gallstones.

Originality/value

In this study, for the first time, we explored the role of dietary fatty acids in the development of GSD, including PUFA, MUFA and SFA. Their results could help elucidate the association between fatty acids and GSD more precisely and may be beneficial in prevention and treatment of cholelithiasis.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

Authors have no acknowledgments to declare.

Declarations: Ethics approval and consent to participate. Informed written consent was obtained from participants. The protocol of the present study was approved by Research Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Ethics Committee (IR.SBMU.RIGLD.REC.1396.159).

Availability of data and material: The datasets analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Authors’ contributions: Zahra Yari – Corresponding Author, Formal analysis, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing; Amir Sadeghi, Conceptualization, Writing – review and editing; Negar Raissi-Dehkordi, Conceptualization, Writing – original draft; Azita Hekmatdoost, Conceptualization, Writing – review and editing, Project administration; Moloud Ghorbani, Methodology; Reyhaneh Rastegar, Formal analysis; Mohammadreza Zali, Methodology; Nastaran Raissi-Dehkordi, Methodology, Writing – original draft.

Citation

Sadeghi, A., Raissi-Dehkordi, N., Ghorbani, M., Rastegar, R., Zali, M., Raissi-Dehkordi, N., Yari, Z. and Hekmatdoost, A. (2025), "The association between dietary fatty acid intake and gallstone disease: a case-control study", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-06-2024-0196

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited

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