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A comprehensive framework of visual elements in brand logos: content analysis of top 500 global brands

Shruti Trehan (Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India)
Arti D. Kalro (Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India)

Journal of Product & Brand Management

ISSN: 1061-0421

Article publication date: 14 October 2024

Issue publication date: 26 November 2024

237

Abstract

Purpose

Designers must recognise the significance of a brand logo’s visual elements as they convey various meanings. While studies have attempted to collate visual elements, efforts have often been limited to specific types of visual elements (e.g. typefaces) or restricted to certain product categories. This study aims to conceptualise a comprehensive list of visual elements used in brand logos and to validate it based on the top 500 global brand logos across eight product categories.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive list was conceptualised through a combination of literature review, interviews with experts and observations of real brand logos. Using this exhaustive compilation, content analysis of the top 500 global brand logos was conducted to discern the prevalent trends of the visual elements in logos across various product categories.

Findings

The content analysis results highlighted an extensive preference for use of wordmark, no outline and horizontal proportion in brand logos. Overall, 42.6% and 31% of brands preferred using cool and neutral colours, respectively. Moreover, the preference for colour categories (warm/cool/neutral), font types (organic/geometric) and stacking of elements (horizontal/vertical/diagonal) varied across product categories.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by creating a comprehensive guidebook of visual elements of logos. It also offers guidance to in-house and third-party designers of companies for logo design to better understand the nuances of intellectual property related to logo elements and assists managers in comparing their brands’ visual identity with those of their competitors.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

The author(s) would like to thank the editor, associate editor and anonymous reviewers for their detailed feedback, which significantly helped improve the manuscript. The author(s) are grateful to Prof. Dinesh Sharma, Prof. Azizuddin Khan, Prof. Prasad Bokil and Prof. Sunny Arora for their suggestions and feedback on this manuscript. The author(s) also extend their gratitude to Priya Bhardwaj, Ishika Vijay Mamtani, Nishit Trivedi and Swati Sarawgi for their assistance in the coding process.

Citation

Trehan, S. and Kalro, A.D. (2024), "A comprehensive framework of visual elements in brand logos: content analysis of top 500 global brands", Journal of Product & Brand Management, Vol. 33 No. 8, pp. 1055-1072. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2023-4720

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited

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