Deciding between cash-based and in-kind distributions during humanitarian emergencies
Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management
ISSN: 2042-6747
Article publication date: 23 February 2021
Issue publication date: 4 May 2021
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical model to decide between cash-based and in-kind distributions during emergency responses considering the needs of beneficiaries and market conditions. To allow the switch between modalities, a preparedness framework for humanitarian organizations (HOs) is provided.
Design/methodology/approach
A mathematical model is proposed to help humanitarian responders make quantitative decisions on the type of programs to implement in emergency responses. The model was applied to a field response by an international HO during the COVID-19 emergency in Colombia.
Findings
Cash-based and in-kind distributions are not mutually exclusive response modalities during emergencies, and the real needs of beneficiaries and market effects should be included in the modality selection decision to improve program effectiveness.
Research limitations/implications
The research is focused on short-term immediate response to emergencies; the proposed model assumes favorable market conditions and limits the aid options to direct in-kind and multipurpose cash assistance, excluding other types of cash transfers.
Practical implications
The research outlines practical preconditions to operationalize switching between programs during an emergency. The study provides evidence that HOs should consider dynamics decision tools to select aid modalities and evaluate their response depending on market conditions.
Social implications
Considering aid modality as a dynamic decision and including the needs from beneficiaries in the choice can have profound impact in the dignifying of humanitarian response to emergencies.
Originality/value
The quantitative model to decide between aid modalities is a novel approach to include beneficiaries' needs and market dynamics into humanitarian supply chain research. The preparedness framework closes the gap between the emergency preparedness literature and the operational constraints that organizations face for fast program implementation.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank the reviewers whose comments have helped increase the value of the product, Mariana Montoya from Cuso International for her insightful thoughts on the decision process to attend vulnerable population and Massimiliano Benevelli from the Danish Refugee Council for his ideas on the development and response to emergencies.
Citation
García Castillo, J. (2021), "Deciding between cash-based and in-kind distributions during humanitarian emergencies", Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 272-295. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHLSCM-07-2020-0060
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited