Multi‐Level planning: An evolutionary view

Abstract

We are living in a multi‐level reality that is reflected within ourselves. On the one side, we are part of families, clans and tribes; of communities, nations, humanity; of ecosystems, professions and peer groups, institutions, civilizations and cultures. On the other side, we incorporate within ourselves the steps taken by evolution on its way toward higher complexity, from subatomic particles, atoms and molecules through nucleus‐free prokaryotic cells, now forming the organelles within the more eukaryotic cells, to cell tissue, organs and the entire organism, and further to the various steps of mentation introduced by the evolving brain.

Citation

Jantsch, E. (1979), "Multi‐Level planning: An evolutionary view", Planning Review, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 3-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb053863