TY - JOUR AB - The classical idea of model, as a system that can anticipate, in a finite time interval, the full behavior of a real system, is shown to lead to serious contradictions. An alternate formalism is proposed, in which only general features of the real system can be projected. From this new formalism, optimal experiments on the real system are derived. A discussion of the problem of uniqueness in modelling theory is included. As an area in which the classical idea of model is applicable without contradictions, anticipatory systems are analyzed. Some general features of these systems are considered. Finally, the projective system of an anticipatory system is fully described in terms of the state system. VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0368-492X DO - 10.1108/eb005365 UR - https://doi.org/10.1108/eb005365 AU - ENGEL A.B. PY - 1974 Y1 - 1974/01/01 TI - ON ANTICIPATORY SYSTEMS AND EXTENSIONS OF LOCAL MODELS T2 - Kybernetes PB - MCB UP Ltd SP - 155 EP - 159 Y2 - 2024/04/24 ER -