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Classification of electrocardiogram signal using an ensemble of deep learning models

Saroj Kumar Pandey (Department of Information Technology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India)
Rekh Ram Janghel (Department of Information Technology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India)

Data Technologies and Applications

ISSN: 2514-9288

Article publication date: 16 February 2021

Issue publication date: 21 June 2021

517

Abstract

Purpose

According to the World Health Organization, arrhythmia is one of the primary causes of deaths across the globe. In order to reduce mortality rate, cardiovascular disease should be properly identified and the proper treatment for the same should be immediately provided to the patients. The objective of this paper was to implement a better heartbeat classification model which will work better than the other implemented heartbeat classification methods.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the ensemble of two deep learning models is proposed to classify the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database into four different classes according to ANSI-AAMI standards. First, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is used to classify heartbeats on a raw data set. Secondly, four features (wavelets, R-R intervals, morphological and higher-order statistics) are extracted from the data set and then applied to a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to classify the heartbeats. Finally, the ensemble of CNN and LSTM model with sum rule, product rule and majority voting has been used to identify the heartbeat classes.

Findings

Among these, the highest accuracy obtained is 98.58% using ensemble method with product rule. The results show that the ensemble of CNN and BLSTM has offered satisfactory performance compared to other techniques discussed in this study.

Originality/value

In this study, we have developed a new combination of two deep learning models to enhance the performance of arrhythmia classification using segmentation of input ECG signals. The contributions of this study are as follows: First, a deep CNN model is built to classify ECG heartbeat using a raw data set. Second, four types of features (R-R interval, HOS, morphological and wavelet) were extracted from the raw data set and then applied to the bidirectional LSTM model to classify the ECG heartbeat. Third, combination rules (sum rules, product rules and majority voting rules) were tested to ensure the accumulated probabilities of the CNN and LSTM models.

Keywords

Citation

Pandey, S.K. and Janghel, R.R. (2021), "Classification of electrocardiogram signal using an ensemble of deep learning models", Data Technologies and Applications, Vol. 55 No. 3, pp. 446-460. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTA-05-2020-0108

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited

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