Index
How Do Leaders Make Decisions?
ISBN: 978-1-83867-812-8, eISBN: 978-1-83867-811-1
ISSN: 1572-8323
Publication date: 2 December 2019
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2019), "Index", How Do Leaders Make Decisions? (Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Vol. 28B), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1572-83232019000028B021
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2020 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Abbas, Mahmoud
, 80–81
ADA. See Applied Decision Analysis (ADA)
Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud
, 72–73
Al-Menai, Shadi
, 92
al-Rantissi, Abdel Aziz
, 77
Al Zawahiri, Ayman
, 67
Applied Decision Analysis (ADA)
, 2–5, 3–4, 10, 17, 62, 77, 78, 104, 109, 110, 146, 179, 180–181
Arab League
, 66–67, 85–86
Arab League Summit, telegram to
, 36–38
Arab Spring
, 10, 12, 22, 57, 81
Arms sales to Egypt
, 29–30
Assad, Bashar
, 57–59
Assad regime
, 85–86
in Syria
, 26–29
Assad’s forces
, 71
Aziz, Tariq
, 161
Behavior of strategic leaders
, 148
Bomb ISIS targets
, 32–34
Britain, to intervene in Syria
, 71
British
liberation of Tibet from
, 120
patronage, Tibet under
, 119–120
Bush, George W.
, 14–15
Byzantine Empire
, 61
Cairo Agreement (May 2011)
, 78–79, 80–88
Cairo Declaration
, 80
Chemical scud attacks
, 175
Chiang Kai-shek
, 114–115, 122
China
conduct naval exercises with
, 41–43
Cultural Revolution in
, 132
military action
, 120–121
military superpower
, 111–112
nuclear program
, 124
Civil War, in Syria
, 26–27, 58–59, 62
Clinton, Bill (President)
, 21, 22
Clinton, Hilary
, 65
Cold War
, 106, 116
Communist
activity in India and Pakistani forces
, 126
in East Germany
, 13
in North Vietnam
, 129
revolution
, 19
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
, 151
Conventional scud attack
, 174
CRRC. See Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Crusader, leadership style
, 148
Cuban Missile Crisis
, 125–126
Cybernetic theory of decision
, 2
Dalai Lama
, 114–115, 119–122
Decision
cybernetic theory of
, 2
dimensions, Vladimir Putin
, 18–22
Decision-maker
, 4, 11
Decision-making
, 2, 148
code of particular leaders
, 180
inclinations
, 181
model, poliheuristic
, 104
in national security
, 179–180
proclivities
, 181
rational and cognitive schools of
, 180
Vladimir Putin
, 10, 16–17
Decision-matrix
, 3, 180
identification
, 4
Decision-rule
, 171–172
determination of
, 4
East Germany, Communists in
, 13
EBA rule. See Elimination by aspect (EBA) rule
Egypt
arms sales to
, 29–30
reconciliation agreement
, 83–84
Elimination by aspect (EBA) rule
, 65, 66, 71, 158, 159, 161
Enlai, Zhou
, 134–135
Erdogan, Recep Tayyip
, 55, 56
analysis dimensions and weight
, 63
cognitive complexity
, 60
contacting regional parties and players (November 2012)
, 72–74
decision calculus match the poliheuristic decision model
, 56
decision-making
, 61
decision rules
, 65
decision to support democratic reforms
, 64
decision to threaten economic sanctions
, 67, 68
economic coercion (November 2011)
, 65–66
moderate military response
, 71, 72
outbreak of violence (March 2011)
, 63–65
personality and leadership style
, 59–61
threatens Syria by imposing a no-fly zone (2012)
, 66–69
threatens to invoke the self-defense clause in NATO treaty
, 69–70
Turkish foreign policy
, 57–58
implications
, 59–61
Eurasian Union of Former Soviet States
, 22
Fattah el-Sisi, Abdel
, 29
Foreign policy
, 10, 15, 16–17
and security
, 10
Turkish
, 57–58
“Friends of Syria” international conference
, 69
Gaddafi
, 57–58, 65–66
Gaza Strip
eradicate within
, 93
operation protective edge in
, 88, 90
Gorbachev’s revolution, in Russia
, 13
“Gulf of Tonkin” incident of 1964
, 129
Gulf War
, 149, 154, 160
Hamas
, 77, 79–99
charter
, 79
legitimacy
, 83
new policy document (May 2017)
, 95–99
Hamas-controlled Gaza
, 79
Hermann, Margaret
, 146, 148
Leadership Trait Analysis (LTA)
, 59–60
Hitler
, 115
Ho Chi Minh
, 114–115, 128–130
Hussein, Saddam
, 145–146
applied decision analysis
, 154–171
Arab world and
, 158–159
decision rule
, 163–164, 167–168, 171–172
decision to go to war with Iran
, 155–164
economy
, 160
Iran and
, 161
Israel and
, 160
leadership style
, 147
crusader
, 148
opportunist
, 148
pragmatic
, 148
strategist
, 148
military dimension
, 158
personality
, 150–154
political dimension
, 156–158
Scud attacks against Israel
, 168–171
United States and
, 159–160
India
communist activity in Indian forces
, 126
military action against
, 127
Indochina War
, 128–129
“Informal tunnel economy”
, 92
Intelligence analysis
, 180, 181
Intelligence center against ISIS
with Iran
, 30–31, 32
with Iraq
, 30–31, 32
with Syria
, 30–31, 32
International relations
, 2, 179
Iran
funds in 2011
, 84–88
intelligence center against ISIS with
, 30–31, 32
Saddam decision to go to war with
, 155–164
selling aircraft and satellite equipment to
, 25–26
supply of S-300 air defense systems to
, 22–24
Iran-Iraq War
, 152–153, 154, 158
Iraq, intelligence center against ISIS with
, 30–31, 32
Iron Dome system
, 89
ISIS
bomb targets belonging to
, 32–34
intelligence center against
, 30–31, 32
military action against
, 34–36
Islamic Resistance Movement
, 79
Israel
for operation “Protective Edge”
, 39–41
policymakers in
, 100
Saddam Scud attacks against
, 168–171
Scud attack on
, 160
terrorist attacks against
, 79
Israeli-Palestinian conflict
, 37, 77–78
“Jabhat al-Nusra” organization
, 67
Jordan, nuclear power plants agreement
, 43–45
Kim Il Sung
, 114, 116
Kissinger, Henry
, 106
Korea, communist struggle in
, 117
Korean War
, 110, 114, 116–118, 122
send aid, weapons, and money to support
, 117, 122
Kuwait
, 164–168
Leadership style
, 147–150
crusader
, 148
opportunist
, 148
pragmatic
, 148
strategist
, 148
Leadership Trait Analysis (LTA), Hermann
, 59–60
Lexicographic (LEX) rule
, 127–128, 158, 159–160, 161–162
Maoism
, 111, 112
Mao Zedong
, 103
attack the Taiwanese Islands (1954)
, 122
decision code
, 104, 106
decision making
, 104, 109, 110
decision-rule analysis
, 117–118, 121, 124, 127–128, 130, 134
dimensions of decisions
, 111–115
first international dimension
, 113–114
foreign policy and security decisions
, 135
ideological dimension
, 112
incorporation of Tibet into China in 1951
, 118–119
Korean War (1950)
, 116–118
military dimension
, 111–112
non-compensatory dimensions
, 104
personality traits
, 107–109
personal political dimension
, 113
second international dimension
, 114
Sino-Indian War (1962)
, 125–126
Sino-Soviet Border in 1969
, 131–132
Mashal, Khaled
, 77–99
applied decision rules
, 99
Cairo Agreement (May 2011)
, 80–88
ceasefire in operation protective edge (August 2014)
, 90
decision matrix for permitting limited cooperation with
Wilayat Sinai
, 94
financial future of the movement
, 86
non-trivial decision
, 81
Mazen, Abu
, 99
Mecca Agreement (2007)
, 80
Medvedev, Dmitry
, 15
Military action
against India
, 127
against ISIS on ground
, 34–36
Military assistance
to Assad regime in Syria
, 26–29
Military policy
toward India
, 126
Muslim Brotherhood
, 81, 98
Muslim rebels
, 10
National security
decision-making in
, 179–180
interactions
, 181
policy
, 179, 180
NATO
, 14–15
threatens to invoke the self-defense clause in
, 69–70
Nehru, Jawaharlal
, 125, 126, 127–128
Netanyahu, Binyamin
, 83
Net-assessment
, 181
Nixon’s national security
, 106
Non-condemnation of Israel
in UN for operation Protective Edge (2014)
, 39–41
North Vietnam, Communists in
, 129
Nuclear power plants agreement
, 43–45
Obama, Barack
, 41
Opportunist leadership style
, 148
Oslo Accords
, 78–79, 80
Ottoman Empire
, 61
Pakistani forces, communist activity in
, 126
Palestinians
Authority’s legitimacy
, 78–79
criticism and make demands of
, 37
send a letter supporting the
, 37
territories
, 78
PLO
, 80–81
Policymakers, in Israel
, 100
Poliheuristic decision-making model
, 104
Poliheuristic decision model
, 56
Poliheuristic parsimonious model
, 180
Poliheuristic rule
, 66, 127–128
Poliheuristic theory
, 2, 6, 61, 74, 79, 84, 88, 91, 99, 148, 158, 159, 161
Pragmatic leadership style
, 148
Prevailing theory
, 2
Public-Political dimension
, 83–84
Putin, Vladimir
, 10, 12–16, 72–73
active military assistance to assad regime in Syria
, 26–29
acts of terrorism
, 14
arms sales to Egypt
, 29–30
behavior
, 14
bomb targets belonging to ISIS
, 32–34
conduct naval exercises with China in Mediterranean Sea
, 41–43
decision code of
, 11–12
decision dimensions
, 18–22
decision-making
, 10, 16–17, 18
decision process
, 18
decision rule analysis
, 22–45
economic dimension
, 19
ideological dimension
, 20–21
intelligence center against ISIS with Iran, Iraq, and Syrian government
, 30–31, 32
international dimension
, 21–22
military action against ISIS on ground
, 34–36
non-compensatory dimension
, 45
non-condemnation of Israel in UN for operation protective edge in 2014
, 39–41
nuclear power plants agreement
, 43–45
political dimension
, 18–19
pyramid of power
, 14, 15
Saudi Arabia for sale of weapons, nuclear reactors, and an end to conflict in Syria
, 38–39
security dimension
, 19–20
selling aircraft and satellite equipment to Iran
, 25–26
send a telegram to Arab League Summit
, 36–38
supply of S-300 air defense systems to Iran
, 22–24
Rational actor model
, 2
Rational choice
, 24, 26
Reaction to political constraints
, 147
Revolution, Communist
, 19
Russia
economy improvement
, 19
elections in 2012
, 18–19
foreign policy and security
, 10
Gorbachev’s revolution in
, 13
intervention in Syria
, 26–27
military intervention in Syria
, 34–35
national security
, 19–20
societal situation
, 10
strenuous activity
, 27
S-300 air defense systems to Iran
, 22–24
Salafi-Jihadism
, 92
Sana’a Declaration 2008
, 80
Saudi Arabia
for sale of weapons, nuclear reactors, and an end to conflict in Syria
, 38–39
Scud attacks
chemical
, 175
conventional
, 174
against Israel
, 168–171
Self-confidence
, 147
Selling aircraft and satellite equipment to Iran
, 25–26
Sino-Indian War (1962)
, 114, 125–126, 131
Sino-Soviet Border in 1969
, 131–132
Soviet forces
, 132
Soviet intelligence service
, 13
Soviet Union
ambitious operation against
, 134
border conflicts
, 133
border tensions
, 133
campaign against
, 133
historic conflict
, 132–133
Special Republican Guard
, 154
Stalin
, 104–105, 113–114, 115, 116–117, 118, 120
Strategic leaders, behavior of
, 148
Strategist leadership style
, 148
Syria
active military assistance
, 26–29
aiding and non-action in events occurring in
, 27–28
Assad regime in
, 26–29
Britain to intervene in
, 71, 72
civil war in
, 26–27, 58–59, 62
intelligence center against ISIS with
, 30–31, 32
riots in
, 55–56
Russian intervention in
, 26–27
Russia’s military intervention in
, 34–35
Saudi Arabia for sale of weapons, nuclear reactors, and an end to conflict in
, 38–39
threatens, by imposing a no-fly zone (2012)
, 66–69
United States to intervene in
, 71
UN to act against
, 69–70
Syrian forces
, 59
Syrian war
, 81–83
Taiwan
bomb the islands surrounding
, 123
conduct diplomatic efforts to annex
, 123
publicly threaten to occupy Taiwan
, 123
Taiwanese Islands (1954), attacks
, 122
Taliban attacks, against US in 9/11
, 22
Tibet
under British patronage
, 119–120
defense
, 119
liberation of Tibet from British
, 120
military action
, 121
quiet liberation of
, 119
Trump, Donald
, 95–96
Turkish foreign policy
, 57–58
implications for
, 59–61
United Nations
to act against Syria
, 69–70
Security Council
, 22–23, 66–67
United States, to intervene in Syria
, 71, 72
USSR
, 106, 113–114, 123–124, 127, 130
Vietnam War
, 110, 115, 128–129, 130, 174
World War II
, 13, 116
Yassin, Sheikh Ahmed
, 77, 79
Yeltsin, Boris
, 14
Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Sheikh
, 86
Zionist Project
, 96