Index
Methods of Criminology and Criminal Justice Research
ISBN: 978-1-78769-866-6, eISBN: 978-1-78769-865-9
ISSN: 1521-6136
Publication date: 26 August 2019
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2019), "Index", Deflem, M. and Silva, D.M.D. (Ed.) Methods of Criminology and Criminal Justice Research (Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance, Vol. 24), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1521-613620190000024018
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2019 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Index
Access to information (ATI)
, 34
Adaptation
, 190
Adolescents
, 119
Advanced information technologies
, 181
Advocacy research
, 143–144
Age-graded life events on risk of elder financial exploitation
, 109–110
Agency records
, 166
challenges in human trafficking research
, 171–172
to estimating prevalence
, 172–175
research on human trafficking using
, 169–172
types
, 167–169
Agency-based male sex workers
, 88
Alexa Traffic Ranks
, 93–94
Alliances
, 59
networks
, 48
“American Dream”
, 74–75
Arrest records
, 50–51
Assaults
, 72
Assets
, 104
ATI /FOI laws
, 34–35, 37, 41–42
Audio-based online material
, 181
BeautifulSoup
, 182
“Big data” phenomenon
, 187
Black Widow
, 182
Boston Special Youth Project
, 50
Campus Quality of Life Survey (CQLS)
, 74
Capture–recapture methods
, 169–170
Cataloging techniques
, 94–95
Change scores
, 127–130
pre-and post-parkland
, 123–127
Clique percolation method (CPM)
, 55
Clique-based approaches
, 55
Co-offending
, 50–51
Coercive control
, 79
Cohesion–delinquency relationship
, 57
Collaborations
, 187–188
between agencies and researchers
, 169
Commercial sexual exploitation (CSE)
, 169
CSE/prostitution
, 169
Community
detection
, 53–54
partnerships
, 136
Community-based participatory research (CBPR)
, 136–138
challenges and consequences
, 139–143
concentrated partner’s recruitment stage
, 139
lessons learning
, 143–145
process challenges
, 139–142
process consequences
, 142–143
research and battered immigrant women
, 138
Comprehensive School Safety Initiative (CSSI)
, 116
Conflict
, 71–72
gang
, 58
Conflict Tactics Scale 2 (CTS2)
, 71
Crawlers (see Web-crawlers)
Crime
, 8, 11, 41–42, 118–119, 128
going up in society
, 26
reporting patterns
, 8
rise in
, 23–26
survey
, 71, 73
trends in
, 22–23
victimization
, 70
Crime measurement
crime going up in society
, 26
data and analysis plan
, 13–14
future research implications
, 27–28
homicide data
, 18–20
overall crime trends
, 14–16
police “outputs”
, 20–22
police-recorded crime vs. estimates from victim surveys
, 10–13
police-recorded crimes
, 8–9
rise in crime or faulty wires
, 23–26
trends in violence and crime
, 22–23
trends in violence data
, 17–18
Crime Survey of England and Wales (CSEW)
, 9
methodological issues with
, 11–12
patterns of violence
, 18
recent trends in
, 13
as violent crime measurement
, 27
Crime-recording
practices
, 8
systems
, 14
Criminal
anthropology
, 1
assault
, 71
behavior
, 71
sciences
, 1
statistics
, 1–2
Criminal groups
, 48
dynamics
, 48–50
inter-group network dynamics
, 58–59
intra-group network dynamics
, 56–57
network approach to delineating group boundaries
, 53–55
network data
, 50–53
network perspective of delinquent groups
, 49–50
research on criminal group dynamics
, 56–59
Criminal justice
, 102
administration
, 1–2
FOI requests in criminal justice studies
, 41
stakeholders
, 171
system
, 72
Criminology
, 102
enterprise
, 2
FOI requests in
, 41–42
scholars
, 53
Cyberstalking
, 72
Data
analysis techniques
, 39
availability
, 172–173
new data collected by agencies
, 168
parsers (see Web-crawlers)
scrapers (see Web-crawlers)
sharing process
, 172–173
source selection
, 53
synthesizing
, 174–175
types and format
, 174
Delinquency
, 48, 56
Dominance hierarchies concept
, 58
Drug distribution networks
, 59
Dynamic sex work environment
, 86
Elder financial exploitation
, 102–103, 108–109
age-graded life events on risk of
, 109–110
chronology of study and methods
, 105–108
consequences
, 110–111
literature review
, 102–105
protective factors against
, 111
select findings from mixed methods approach
, 108–111
Electronic devices
, 119
Electronic wire-taps
, 51
Emoticons
, 189
Emotional neglect
, 169
Ethnographic observations
, 87–88
Existing data
analysis
, 166
for research purposes
, 172
Exponential random graph models
, 59
Extremism
, 181–182, 185–188
Extremist sentiment online
, 187
adaptation
, 190
collaborations
, 187–188
combinations
, 188–189
validation
, 189–190
Facebook
, 52
Family violence
, 169
Fear
, 118–119, 122
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
, 103
Feminist
coalitions’ lobbying and education initiatives
, 70
researchers
, 73–74
scholars
, 70
scholarship
, 75
Field incident records
, 51
Financial exploitation
, 104
Forgery
, 104
Freedom of information requests (FOI)
, 34
challenges, barriers, and tricks of trade
, 37–40
requests in criminal justice studies
, 41
requests in criminology
, 41–42
requests in socio-legal studies
, 40
in social sciences
, 35–37
Funds
, 104
Gang conflict
, 58
Gang violence
, 59
Gay/bisexual male community
, 92
Global Positioning System
, 52
Google
, 93
Greater Manchester Police (GMP)
, 10
Grounded theory
, 39
Group boundaries, network approach to delineating
, 53–55
Group dynamics
, 48–49
Happiness Index
, 189
Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS)
, 10, 16
High-quality client services
, 141–142
Home Office Counting Rules (HOCR)
, 10
Homicide data
, 18–20
Human trafficking
, 166
challenges for using agency records in human trafficking research
, 171–172
previous research using agency records
, 169–172
Human Trafficking Reporting System (HTRS)
, 170
Immigrant-racialized women
, 138
Immigration detention and deportation
, 152
Immigration removal centers (IRCs)
, 152, 156, 161
Inter-group network dynamics
, 58–59
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
, 167
International CyberCrime Research Centre (ICCRC)
, 181
International Labour Organization (ILO)
, 170
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and Intersex Association (IGLA)
, 93–94
Internet
, 86, 92–93
shopping behavior
, 104
Interviewing male escorts (see also Male escort websites)
, 89
interview process
, 91–92
university administrative issues
, 90–91
working with sex workers’ community organizations
, 91
Interviews
, 87–88, 90
Intimate partner violence (IPV)
, 136
research requirements
, 138–139
Intra-group network dynamics
, 56–57
Islamic State (IS)
, 180
Jihadi material
, 181
Las Vegas shooting terrorist attacks
, 189
Law enforcement data
, 105
Machine learning algorithms
, 181, 187
Male escort websites (see also Interviewing male escorts)
, 92
accessing websites
, 94
cataloging techniques
, 94–95
Male independent escorting
, 87, 90–91
internet-based escorting
, 86
Male sex work research
interviewing male escorts
, 89–92
male escort websites
, 92–95
methods
, 86–89
Manchester attacks
, 189
Media effects
, 119
Methodology
, 1
reflection
, 172–175
techniques
, 53
Minimizing underreporting
, 72
multiple measures of victimization
, 76–78
supplementary open-ended questions
, 73–76
Mixed methods approach
, 108
age-graded life events on risk of elder financial exploitation
, 109–110
case study approach
, 105–106
consequences of elder financial exploitation
, 110–111
elder financial exploitation
, 108–109
protective factors against elder financial exploitation
, 111
reporting decisions of victims
, 109
Multiple measures of victimization
, 76–78
National Adult Protective Services Association (2016)
, 103
National Council on Aging (2017)
, 103
National Crime Recording Standard (NCRS)
, 10
National Crime Victimization survey (NCVS)
, 70, 76
National Crime Victimization Survey-Identity Theft Supplement (NCVS-ITS)
, 106–107
National Health and Medical Research Council
, 90
National Health Services (NHS)
, 9
National Institute of Justice
, 107
National Public Survey on White Collar Crime
, 106–107
National White Collar Crime Center
, 107
Nationalism
, 181
Network
approach to delineating group boundaries
, 53–55
data
, 50–53
methods
, 3, 48
perspective of delinquent groups
, 49–50
Off-line sexual assaults
, 77
Offender–victim relationships
, 50–51
“One victim, one crime” policy
, 10
Opinion mining (see Sentiment analysis)
Organized crime
, 48
Pan-ethnic group categories
, 78–79
PANAS-t
, 189
Parkland characteristics
, 120–121
Parkland effect
, 126
Partner physical violence
, 76
Pathways to Desistance study
, 169
Photo-elicitation method
, 155, 157
Photography
, 154, 156
Photovoice
, 152
challenges of using
, 157–161
picturing life after detention
, 153–157
Physical assault
, 70–71
Physical health
, 110–111
Physical neglect
, 169
Police crime-recording practices
, 9
Police records
, 51
Police-recorded crimes
, 8
in England and Wales
, 8–9
methodological issues
, 10–12
recent trends in
, 13
victim surveys estimation, vs.
, 10–13
Polyvictimization
, 77
Poverty
, 70
Progressive legislative reforms
, 70
“Prostitution” indicator
, 169
Public agency data
, 167
Quality of life
, 110–111
Radicalization process
, 187
Rape
, 70–71
Reporting behavior
, 108
Research failure
, 152–153
Respect Inc
, 90
Respondent-driven sampling
, 52
Retirement community
, 106, 110
Revenge pornography
, 76
Revised Sexual Experiences Survey (RSES)
, 71
Risk assessment tools
, 181
Risk factors
, 105, 108
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
, 42
SASA
, 189
School
avoidance
, 122
disorder
, 122
safety research and programming
, 116
School Crime Supplement to National Crime Victimization Survey School (NCVS-SCS)
, 119–120
School safety perceptions in aftermath of shooting
characteristics of Parkland
, 120–121
cross-sectional comparison in wave two
, 123
data and methods
, 121
differences in change scores pre-and post-parkland
, 123–127
literature review
, 118
measures
, 122–123
media effects
, 119
sample characteristics
, 121
sample differences in examination of change scores
, 127–130
shootings and student reactions
, 119–120
violence and fear
, 118–119
Self-report
studies
, 105
surveys
, 70, 78, 103
Seniors vs Crime (SvC)
, 106
SenticNet
, 189
Sentiment analysis
, 181, 185–187
effectiveness
, 188
with semi-parametric group-based modeling
, 189
SentiStrength
, 186–187, 189–190
SentiWordNet
, 189
Sex education
, 87
Sex trafficking sites
, 95
Sex workers
community organizations
, 91
non-governmental organizations
, 95
Sexual
abuse
, 169–170
assault
, 71, 76
compulsivity
, 87
harassment (see also Violence against women)
, 72, 76
intercourse
, 71
Sexualization
, 88–89, 92
Shootings and student reactions
, 119–120
Social
contagion process
, 58
context
, 88
desirability effects
, 78
media
, 52, 72, 87, 119
scientists
, 187–188
social sciences, FOI in
, 35–37
support services
, 70
theories
, 39
Social networks
, 53
analysis
, 42, 188
platforms
, 52
Social Science and Humanities Council (SSHRC)
, 139
“Sociological stalking” implications
, 159
Special weapons and tactics teams (SWAT teams)
, 41
Stakeholders
, 171
Stalking
, 70–72
Star rating system
, 93–94
Stigma
, 87
modes of
, 89
Stop and search data analysis
, 20–22
Street gang membership
, 90–91
Surveys
, 87–88
self-report
, 70, 78, 103
victim surveys estimation
, 10–13
Technology-facilitated coercive control
, 80
Technology-facilitated stalking
, 76–77
Temporal crime patterns
, 9
Terrorism
, 70, 185–188
The Dark Crawler (TDC)
, 182
keywords
, 184–185
number of domains
, 184
number of webpages
, 184
trusted domains
, 184
Traumatic behaviors
, 73
Trusted domains
, 184
Twitter
, 52
Underreporting
, 72
Unemployment
, 70
University of Missouri–St Louis Comprehensive School Safety Initiative (UMSL CSSI)
, 117–118
US National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS)
, 70–71
Victimization
, 71, 109, 116, 128
multiple measures of
, 76–78
violence
, 73
Victims
, 102–103, 171
surveys estimation
, 10–13
victim-oriented approach
, 10
Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act (2000)
, 169
Violence
, 71–72, 118–119
data
, 17–18
trends in
, 22–23
victimization
, 73
Violence against women
, 69
broad operational definitions
, 70–72
examining with-in group ethnic differences
, 78–80
minimizing underreporting
, 72–78
self-report surveys administered to adult men
, 78
Violent crime measurement, CSEW as
, 27
Visual criminology
, 154–155
Web-crawlers
, 182
WebSPHINX
, 182
Win Web Crawler
, 182
- Prelims
- Introduction: Measuring Crime and Criminal Justice
- Part I: General Patterns and Trends
- Chapter 1: Is Crime Rising or Falling? A Comparison of Police-Recorded Crime and Victimization Surveys
- Chapter 2: Using Freedom of Information Requests in Socio-Legal Studies, Criminal Justice Studies, and Criminology
- Chapter 3: Criminal Group Dynamics and Network Methods
- Part II: Special Groups and Problems
- Chapter 4: Innovative Methods of Gathering Survey Data on Violence Against Women
- Chapter 5: Methods of Male Sex Work Research: Recommendations and Future Research Opportunities
- Chapter 6: Employing Mixed Methods: The Case of Elder Financial Exploitation
- Chapter 7: Perceptions of School Safety in the Aftermath of a Shooting: Challenge to Internal Validity?
- Part III: Crossing Boundaries
- Chapter 8: Methodological Challenges in Collaborative Research with Immigrant Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence in Canada
- Chapter 9: The Uses and Limits of Photovoice in Research on Life After Immigration Detention and Deportation
- Chapter 10: Agency Records as a Method for Examining Human Trafficking
- Chapter 11: Searching for Extremist Content Online Using the Dark Crawler and Sentiment Analysis
- Index