Academic engagement
, 32, 33–34, 35, 36
Accountability
, 60, 61, 62, 64, 80, 192, 193, 198
Adaptation
, 113, 187
cultural
, 34
Adolescents
, 40, 178, 179, 180
Adult education
, 85, 86, 87, 89, 90
continuous
, 264
vocational
, 87
Adult Education Policy
, 86–88
challenges for
, 89–90
Europeanisation
, 88–89
sustainability for
, 90
Advertisement
, 244, 245, 246, 248
Africans
, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 169, 170, 174
children
, 161, 165
countries
, 165, 166
development of
, 174
forced
, 170
Agendas
domestic
, 214
global
, 212, 217, 222, 227
international
, 214, 226
political
, 209
Agents
, 239, 240, 244, 245, 247
Agreements
bilateral
, 212, 214
educational
, 139, 140, 147, 154
global
, 151
implicit
, 135
inter-government
, 237
international
, 146
use of
, 140, 141
Anthropologists
, 111, 120, 121
ANZCIES. See Australian and New Zealand Comparative Education and International Education Society (ANZCIES)
Aspirations
, 123, 125, 132, 222
global
, 124
Assumptions
contested
, 195
epistemological
, 169
practical
, 189
tacit
, 267
taken-for-granted
, 133
theoretical
, 191
untested
, 199
Assessment
, 17, 34, 61, 70, 114, 140, 145, 148, 185, 140, 189–190, 196, 212, 265
Australian and New Zealand Comparative Education and International Education Society (ANZCIES)
, 206, 207, 211
Capacity
competitive
, 233
developing individual
, 42
explanatory
, 106
international student
, 240
local
, 221
low
, 193
sustained national
, 61
Capacity development
, 59, 61
inadequate
, 59, 62
longer-term
, 44
productive
, 172
Capital
human
, 40, 46, 87, 167
symbolic
, 124
Careers
, 34, 35
nonacademic
, 35
Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
, 147, 149, 153
Children
, 132, 164, 165, 166, 171, 173, 177, 178, 180, 181, 191, 192, 198, 258, 259
black
, 163
school-aged
, 165
China threat
, 49, 50, 53, 54
Chinese
capitalism
, 53
government
, 51, 53
mentality
, 54
native
, 126, 130
people
, 97
students
, 124, 127
urban
, 124
values
, 95, 96
CIE. See Comparative and international education (CIE)
Citizenship
democratic
, 165, 176
education
, 100
global
, 99
gender
, 113
Classroom instruction
, 172
improving
, 196
Colonial administrations
, 209, 212
Colonial educationalists
, 209
Colonial legacies
, 205, 213, 223–224, 227
Commitments
international political
, 147
member’s
, 146
multiple international
, 149
paradigmatic
, 283
universal
, 168
Communities
classroom
, 113
of common destiny
, 100
educational research
, 225
expatriate
, 212
global
, 7, 23, 40, 216
international
, 149, 238
interpenetrating
, 121
leadership
, 220
local
, 50, 212
marginalized
, 120, 134
members
, 217
mothers
, 195
programs
, 264
remote
, 220
respective
, 222
rural
, 121, 122
social
, 35, 278
Comparative analysis
, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 266, 276, 282
Comparative and international education (CIE)
area studies
, 275, 277, 280
in China faces
, 102
claims
, 13
journals
, 7, 13, 96, 282
scholarship
, 10, 24, 282
Comparative education
, 3, 5, 20, 21, 68, 70, 76, 77, 79, 81, 90, 102
Comparative Education Review (CER)
, 7, 282, 285, 286, 290, 292
Comparative pedagogy
, 67, 71, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263
Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education
, 7
Comparisons
cross-case
, 54
cross-region
, 283
enfold
, 76
heuristic
, 76
historical
, 25
local
, 276
Competition
economic
, 220, 238
intense
, 100
national
, 9
regulatory
, 153
Context
analysis
, 9, 278, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 288, 292, 293
operationalizing
, 278
problematizes
, 277
cultural
, 52, 54, 216
dimensions/elements of
, 288, 289, 290
economic
, 213
elements of
, 279, 280, 288, 293
historical
, 238
informal
, 209
local
, 216, 278
multilingual
, 192
national
, 261, 265, 266, 267
political
, 275, 279
Context analysis
, 4, 277, 278–293
Contextual analysis
, 9, 277, 278, 280–284, 288, 292, 293
Conversations
constant
, 219
informal
, 125, 129
inspire
, 223
limited
, 127
ongoing
, 2, 225
Cost
hidden
, 46
high unit
, 215
imputed
, 45, 46
imputed student
, 45
low
, 241
Council of Occupational Standards and Assessment (COSA)
, 264
Cross-cultural research
, 119, 120, 122, 123, 135
Cultural environments
, 209
Cultural expectations
, 243
Cultures
ancient
, 218
distinctive national
, 53
indigenous
, 210
institutional
, 126
multistakeholder
, 153
people’s
, 212
Curriculum
basic general education
, 109
changes
, 130
civic education
, 178
core
, 262
development
, 60, 222
internationalized
, 124
math
, 110
model
, 79, 219
national
, 124, 178, 269
official
, 109
policies
, 110, 114
reform
, 79
school-based
, 269
sensitive
, 224
standard-based
, 216
studies
, 79, 81
theory
, 268
Data
achievement
, 69, 71
adolescent
, 179
collected
, 10, 284, 286
examination of
, 3, 25, 26
geographic
, 109
important
, 128
performance
, 110
qualitative
, 71
quantitative
, 85, 89
secondary
, 284, 285, 286, 292
Data collection
, 9, 19, 23, 122, 123, 135, 241
approach, systematic
, 124
cycles
, 7, 8, 13, 14
period
, 11
phase
, 242
process
, 122
systematic
, 23
web-based
, 241
years
, 16
Data matrix
, 105, 107, 108
Democracy
deliberative
, 80
knowing
, 170
social
, 79, 80
systems of
, 75, 78
viewed
, 170
Democratic state
, 168–169
Department for International Development (DFID)
, 62, 187, 188, 193, 194, 198
Developing countries
, 15, 16, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 60, 100, 212
Developing economies
, 40, 46
Development discourses
, 42, 221
Dilemmas
, 75, 78, 114, 115, 128
moral
, 130
Dimensions
contextual
, 226
emotional
, 33
ideational/value
, 53
integrated
, 106
international
, 262
multifaceted
, 215
multiple
, 163
Discourses
developmental
, 238
dominant
, 238
economic
, 220
educational
, 80
global policy
, 212
professional
, 2
Diversity
cultural
, 243, 244
large ethnic
, 105
linguistic
, 217
Doctoral education
, 34–35
Donors
financial
, 212
foreign
, 221
information
, 190
transforming
, 225
Dynamics
class/classroom
, 112
political
, 290
socio-cultural
, 259
Early grade math assessment (EGMA)
, 194, 196, 198, 200
Early grade reading assessment (EGRA)
, 187–200
guidelines
, 189, 192
limitations
, 190
student-level data
, 190
subtest of ORF
, 192
subtests
, 191, 195
tool
, 190
Toolkit
, 190
use
, 198
Economic analysis
, 77
political
, 62
Economic resources
, 52, 77
Economics
, 4, 25, 63, 176
evolutionary
, 87
global
, 217
Education
, 41, 76, 77, 98, 99, 148, 212, 222, 223
authentic
, 225
bilingual
, 215, 217
children’s
, 174
civic
, 166, 174, 176, 179
compulsory
, 258
cross-cultural
, 211
cultural tradition
, 100
democratic
, 171
development
, 20, 98
doctoral
, 31, 32
early childhood
, 20
elementary
, 215, 216
equitable
, 75, 78, 224
formal colonial
, 209
governing
, 144
health
, 180
inclusive
, 98
internationalising
, 80
low-quality
, 161
moral
, 100
postsecondary
, 42, 46
role
, 97
technical
, 264
vocational
, 87, 215, 264
Educational and social inequalities
, 167
Educational regime complexity
, 139–155
Education for All (EFA)
, 64, 98, 99, 146, 148, 149, 189, 215
Education governance
global
, 146
persuasive
, 147
studied
, 287
Education interventions
, 62
Education Management Information Systems (EMIS)
, 61
Education policy
, 15, 16, 40, 87, 88, 145, 146, 279, 280, 289
adult
, 86, 88, 89, 90
documents
, 266
transforming
, 145
Education practices
, 277, 279, 290
Education systems
, 40, 41, 59, 60, 62, 99, 100, 101, 213, 215, 217, 264, 265, 266
authentic
, 227
balanced
, 97
better tertiary
, 46
excellent
, 265
formal
, 212
higher
, 43, 45, 231, 232, 237
nation’s
, 76
national
, 99, 100, 144, 154, 213, 291
reformed
, 222
shaped contemporary
, 169
Education–educational technology
, 102
Educational goals
, 150, 223
Educational multistakeholderism
, 141, 152
Educational phenomena
, 106, 111, 270, 278
Educational policies
, 77, 81, 85, 86, 152, 154, 210, 212, 214, 258, 260, 268
direct
, 213
general
, 110
relevant
, 214
Educational policy
, 20, 32, 61, 86, 110, 145, 154, 182, 214, 265
Educational priorities
, 218
contextual
, 222
global
, 154
Educational reforms
, 62, 76, 78, 101, 146, 215, 216, 217
Educational regime
, 141, 151, 152, 153
Educational Research
, 61, 140
Educational spaces
, 75, 78, 79, 80, 122, 125, 135, 266, 267
EGRA. See Early grade reading assessment (EGRA)
Elemental institutions
, 146, 153
Elemental regimes
, 146, 149, 150, 153
EMIS. See Education Management Information Systems (EMIS)
Employment
, 166, 167, 173, 178, 179, 181, 209
creation
, 165
dignified
, 164
policy
, 86
Empirical
, 4, 14, 19, 22, 25, 285
Empowerment
, 77, 175, 176, 206, 227
Engagement
accelerated global
, 151
behavioural
, 33
cognitive
, 33, 34
cultural protocols of
, 206, 208, 227
direct
, 196
diversified
, 76
emotional
, 33
key stakeholder
, 221
participatory
, 173
public
, 223
systematic
, 80
English skills and acquired scholarly knowledge
, 35
Environment
benign
, 50
multicultural
, 231, 243
multilingual
, 198
natural
, 90
regulated policy
, 154
volatile
, 220
Equality
, 42, 67, 71–72, 162, 163, 166, 170, 171, 176, 177, 179, 180
relative
, 71
Equity
, 42, 43, 71, 97, 101–102, 144, 149, 163
European Survey on Language Competences (ESLC)
, 68
European Union
, 87, 88, 147, 216, 259
Gender
, 15, 16, 108, 121, 145, 149, 151, 188, 189, 195, 220, 266, 289
General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
, 145
Girls’ Education Challenge (GEC)
, 188, 189, 194, 195, 198, 199
Global marketplace
, 223
competitive
, 218
Globalization
, 77, 88, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 106, 210, 212, 278
accelerated
, 102
context of
, 95, 96, 238
economic
, 98
increasing
, 134
neoliberal
, 125
process of
, 95, 96, 97
Governance
, 88, 89, 98, 99, 139–155, 287, 288, 290, 293
Grades
, 166, 170, 173, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 188, 198, 215, 216, 265, 269
early
, 187, 188, 189
good academic
, 32
illiterate
, 166
Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 41, 96, 165, 194
Growth
economic
, 77, 87, 90, 168
exponential
, 50
High school
, 132, 138, 162, 232, 245, 247
students
, 124, 126, 244
High-stakes accountability
, 198
Higher education
, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 135, 232
development positions, public
, 45
international
, 243, 246
internationalisation of
, 36
internationalization in
, 232, 237
neoliberal globalization of
, 123
traditional
, 44
Higher education hubs, regional
, 44
Higher education institutions
, 44, 99, 231, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 246, 264
hundred
, 241
public
, 254
world-famous
, 237
Human development
, 40, 42, 45, 46, 77, 163, 202
sustainable
, 40, 42
India
, 15, 16, 20, 71, 79, 80, 81, 101, 102, 168, 287
Indigenous wisdom
, 220, 223, 225
Inequality
, 40, 42, 163–168, 163–169
Infrastructure
, 42, 97, 176
Information technology
, 102, 155, 240
Institutional
, 114, 123, 239–240
Institutionalization
, 142, 153
Institutionalize
, 142, 153
International doctoral students
, 34–35
International education
, 43, 112, 121, 169
International education regimes (IER)
, 146
Internationalization
, 98–99, 110, 232, 237, 238, 240, 243, 247, 264, 291
International Journal of Development
, 7
International Journal of Educational Development
, 60
International Review of Education
, 7, 90
International student assessment
, 257–271
International students
, 32, 33, 35, 36, 98, 124, 125, 127, 233–240, 242–247, 255, 289, 290
Investment
, 20, 33, 39–46, 87, 97, 144, 146
Media, mixed-methods
, 286
Methodology
, 7–9, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 61, 68, 69, 72, 87, 98, 226, 260–261, 268, 280–285
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
, 60, 149
Mobility
, 35, 101, 121, 124, 232, 233, 237, 241, 246, 259, 262, 264, 271
Multicultural
, 8, 36, 99, 100, 212, 243, 246, 247
Multicultural Education Review
, 8
Multistakeholder
, 140, 142, 149, 153, 154
Multistakeholderism
, 139–155
Pacific education
, 214, 219, 221–224, 227
Payment by Results (PbR)
, 188
Policy
borrowing
, 69, 70, 79
learning
, 67–72
Policymaking
, 61, 62, 189, 214, 221, 277, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292
Primary and intermediate schoolteachers
, 176–178
Primary and intermediate students
, 180–181
Professional discourses
, 2
Professionalization
, 4, 5, 7, 10, 21, 24, 26
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)
, 68, 69, 71, 110, 258
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competences (PIAAC)
, 88
Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)
, 68
Prospects: Quarterly Review of Comparative Education
, 7, 8
School administrators
, 171–174
School-aged children
, 165
Secondary education
, 15, 16, 20, 41, 42, 46, 87, 89, 149, 165, 223
Secondary schoolteachers
, 174–176
Secondary students
, 178–180
Short-term study abroad (SSA) programs
, 36
Social media
, 223, 244–248
Socio-cultural dynamics
, 259
Sociology of professions
, 21
South Africa
, 15, 16, 20, 79, 81, 161–182, 234, 287
Stakeholder
, 51, 54, 60, 61, 89
Standard-based curriculum
, 216
Strategies
, 21, 33, 36, 43, 44, 52, 54, 97, 101, 129, 142, 165, 210, 215, 221, 231–248, 279, 289, 293
Student mobility
, 232, 237, 241
Sub-Saharan Africa
, 15, 16, 20, 40, 165
Sustainability
, 86, 100, 209, 210
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 61
Sustainable human development (SHD)
, 42