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Index

Including a Symposium on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism After 35 Years

ISBN: 978-1-78756-126-7, eISBN: 978-1-78756-125-0

ISSN: 0743-4154

Publication date: 14 June 2018

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(2018), "Index", Including a Symposium on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism After 35 Years (Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology, Vol. 36A), Emerald Publishing Limited, pp. 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0743-41542018000036A011

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INDEX

Abstraction
, 40, 46, 64–65, 134–135, 147, 148

Abstract theoretical analysis
, 147–148

Accumulation of knowledge
, 137, 141, 144

Adding-up theorem
, 160–169

See also Overhead costs

Advances in behavioural economics (Camerer)
, 111

Alexandrova, Anna
, 34, 96, 97, 99

American Economic Association
, 74, 136, 146

American Economic Review
, 58

Angner, E.
, 110

Antitrust policy
, 130

Arrow-Debreu model
, 99

Association of American Law Schools
, 146

Assumptions, modelling
, 97–98

Austrian economics
, 13

Austrian economists
, 59–60, 61–71

Aydinonat, N. E.
, 100

Behavioural economics
, 110–115

libertarian paternalism
, 114–115

neoclassical economics vs.
, 112–113

neuroeconomics
, 111–112

normative implications
, 113

phases in development of
, 110

proponents of
, 110

welfare
, 113–114

Berg, N.
, 113

Bernstein, Richard
, 71

Bertrand, Élodie
, 128, 135, 144

Beyond Positivism (Caldwell)
, 3–7, 13–17, 19–21

as antinaturalist
, 11

as countercultural methodology
, 13

great contributions of
, 59

as meta-naturalistic
, 11

naturalism
, 11–12

past, present and future
, 72–74

Biology and Philosophy
, 112

Blackboard economics
, 134

Blaug, Mark
, 5, 10, 12, 38, 84–86, 110

“Blaug’s Economic Methodology” (Hands)
, 85

Boettke, Peter
, 88, 128–129

Boland, Larry
, 10, 84

Bruni, R.
, 110

Buchanan, James
, 73

Caldwell, Bruce
, 3–7, 10–17

critics/criticism
, 13–14

deductivism
, 22–34

dogmatism
, 13, 14, 15–16

nondogmatic critique
, 14

positivism
, 21–22

See also Beyond Positivism (Caldwell)

Cambridge University Press
, 69, 84

Camerer, C. F.
, 110

Candela, Rosolino
, 129

Capitalism
, 69

Cartwright, N. D.
, 108–109

Causation/causal inference
, 100–109

design-based approach
, 103–105

evidence-based approach
, 107–109

metaphysics of
, 100

ontological nature
, 100

probabilistic account of
, 108–109

questions
, 100

theory-based approaches to
, 101–103

Central economic planning
, 70

Chamberlin, Edward
, 130

Chicago Price Theory
, 129

Choice architectures
, 115

Clark, John Maurice
, 160–169

correspondence between Knight and
, 173–179

letter from Wicksteed
, 160

letter to Samuelson
, 160

Clarke, C.
, 111–112

Claveau, F.
, 106

Coase, Ronald
, 65, 128, 129

on abstraction and instrumentalism
, 134–135

econometric studies and
, 135

economics as a primitive science
, 136

on economic theories of utility and firm
, 135–136

on empirical studies
, 135

“The Federal Communications Commission”
, 143–144

McKean on
, 146–147

“The Problem of Social Cost”
, 130, 129, 142, 143, 144

on theory
, 134–135

Coase theorem
, 128, 144–145

Dorfman on
, 147

Gilmore on
, 147–148

McKean on
, 146–147

Stigler’s defence
, 148–149

zero transaction costs
, 145, 146, 147, 148

Coko, K.
, 106

Commons, John R.
, 167

Communism
, 69

Competition
, 130

Constitutive explanations
, 112

Counter-Revolution of Science (Hayek)
, 70

Cowles Commission approach
, 101

Credible constructions
, 96

“A Critique of Friedman’s Critics” (Boland)
, 84

Deductivism
, 21

acceptance of
, 26–34

mathematical modelling
, 29–31

modern economics
, 27

predictive success
, 31–32

problems with
, 22–26

responses to crisis
, 27–28

Derivational robustness analysis. See Robustness analysis

Design-based econometric analysis
, 103–105

Dillard, Dudley
, 84

Director, Aaron
, 130

Discipline

autonomy
, 141

primitive
, 133–134

Stigler on
, 141

Dogmatism
, 13, 14, 15–16

Dorfman, Joseph
, 160

Dorfman, Robert
, 147

Econometrics
, 135

causal interpretation of
, 102

Cowles Commission approach
, 101

design-based
, 103–105

error-statistical view
, 103

Hoover’s structural approach
, 103

with or without theory
, 101–103

vector autoregression (VAR)
, 101–102

Economic calculation
, 63–64

Economic methodology
, 10–11

Economic models
, 40

explanatory idealized models
, 40–42

See also Modelling, in economics

Economics

behavioural
, 109–115

biology and
, 136

causal inference and evidence in
, 100–109

Coase on
, 136

explanation in
, 99–100

law of gravity compared with
, 147

modelling in
, 95–100

modern
, 27

New Classical
, 58

originality and
, 137

Economics and Philosophy
, 112

Economists

Austrian
, 59–60, 61–71

modal
, 59

model-and-measure method
, 58

New Classical
, 58

Edgeworth, Francis
, 165

Elliott-Graves, A.
, 49–50

Empirical work/studies
, 129, 130, 138, 139

Empiricism
, 70

Environmental theory
, 138, 142

Epistemological Problems of Economics (von Mises)
, 70

Error-statistical approach to empirical induction
, 103

Event prediction
, 31–32

See also Prediction; predictive success

Event regularities
, 25–26

Evidence-based economics
, 107–109

Explanation, in economics
, 99–100

hypothetical pattern
, 41, 42–43

idealized models
, 40–42

Explanation of the principle
, 47–51

Explanation paradox
, 41, 99

Explanatory
, 40–42

External validity
, 109

Falsehood
, 98

Falsificationism
, 61

“The Federal Communications Commission” (Coase)
, 141–144

Feyerabend, Paul
, 11

Firms

Coase on
, 135

economic theories of
, 135

Formalism
, 70

The Foundation of Economic Method (Boland)
, 10

Fowler, R. F.
, 135

Free Market Study project
, 130

Friedman, Milton
, 11, 59, 86, 95

Caldwell’s criticisms of
, 23

on monopolistic competition
, 130

predictive success
, 22–24

Fumagalli, R.
, 96, 112

Gadamer, Hans Georg
, 71

General statements
, 137

George Mason University
, 88

Ghiselin, Michael
, 136

Gibbard, A.
, 95

Giere, R. N.
, 95–96

Gigerenzer, G.
, 113

Gilmore, Grant
, 147–148

Graduate school
, 82

Gravitational forces
, 26

Grüne-Yanoff, T.
, 96

Haavelmo, T.
, 101

Hahn, Frank
, 58

Hands, Wade
, 85

Hanson, Norwood Russell
, 4

Harrison, G. W.
, 111

Hausman, D. M.
, 95, 99

Hayek, F. A.
, 3, 66–68, 87–88

Counter-Revolution of Science
, 70

explanation of the principle
, 47–51

on natural sciences
, 68

on prediction
, 48–51

Prices and Production
, 66

on scientism
, 67–68

“Scientism and the Study of Society” (Hayek)
, 87

on social scientists
, 87

“The Theory of Complex Phenomena”
, 70

“The Trend of Economic Thinking”
, 68

Hayek’s Challenge (Caldwell)
, 88

Heilmann, C.
, 115

Hermeneutics
, 71

Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten
, 112

Heukelom, F.
, 110

History of Economics Society
, 86

Hoover, Kevin
, 5, 86

History of Economics Society
, 86

structural approach
, 103

How Economists Explain (Blaug)
, 84

Human Action (von Mises)
, 65

Hutchinson, Terrence
, 59

Hypothetical pattern explanations
, 41, 42–43

economic example
, 44–46

Idealized models
, 40–42

explanation in
, 40–42

mathematics in
, 41

Incentives
, 64

INET. See Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET)

Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET)
, 27–28

Institutionalism
, 167–168

Institutionalist modellers
, 28–30

Intellectual tolerance
, 14

“Invisible Hand” (Smith)
, 58

Isolationist view of modelling
, 96

Journal of Economic Issues
, 83

Journal of Economic Literature
, 58, 84, 104

Journal of Economic Methodology
, 33, 112

Journal of Economic Perspectives
, 58, 104

Journal of Law and Economics
, 128, 141

Journal of Political Economy
, 161, 166

Judgment
, 13

Keynes, J. M.
, 28–30

Keynes, John Neville
, 11, 28–30

Kings College Cambridge
, 27

Kirzner, Israel
, 69

Knight, Frank H.
, 65, 129, 160–169

correspondence between Clark and
, 175–179

Knuuttila, T.
, 96

Kuhn, Thomas S.
, 4, 11

Kuorikoski, J.
, 97

Lachmann, Ludwig
, 69

Lakatos, Imre
, 38

Lakatos, Imré
, 11

Lange, Oskar
, 64, 65, 70

Lavoie, Don
, 69–71, 88

Law and economics
, 130, 139–140

Law of gravity compared with economics
, 147

Law School at the University of Chicago
, 130, 139

Lawson, Tony
, 5, 86, 87

Lehtinen, A.
, 97, 106

Libertarian paternalism
, 114–115

Lighthouses, Coase’s analyses of
, 135

Localism
, 39

Loewenstein, G.
, 110

Logical positivism
, 24

London School of Economics
, 131

Mainstream
, 21, 26, 29, 34

Mäki, U.
, 95, 96

Malecka, M.
, 110, 114

Maoism
, 5

Mao Zedong
, 12

Marcellesi, A.
, 109

Marchionni, C.
, 97

Marginal product
, 164–165

Marginal productivity theory of distribution
, 160

Marginal utility theory
, 62

Markets
, 128

price theory
, 129

Marshall, A.
, 11

Marx, K.
, 69

Mathematical model/modelling
, 20–21, 25, 99

deductivist
, 29–31

idealized
, 41

Matthewson, John
, 49

McKean, Roland
, 146–147

McQuillin, B.
, 114

Medema, Steven
, 128, 142, 149

Menger, Carl
, 59, 62

Meta-naturalism
, 12

The Methodology of Economics (Blaug)
, 10

Microeconomic theory of industrial fluctuations
, 62

Mill, John Stuart
, 11, 95

Minimalist idealization
, 41–42

Minimal models
, 96

Modelling, in economics
, 95–100

assumptions
, 97–98

credible constructions
, 96

explanation and
, 98–100

isolationist view
, 96

philosophical research
, 95

robustness analysis
, 97–98

Modern economics
, 27

Monetarist moment
, 58

Monetary economics
, 62

Money
, 62

Monopolistic Competition and General Equilibrium Theory (Triffin)
, 130, 131

Monopoly
, 130

Morgan, Mary
, 33

Musgrave, A.
, 95

Nagatsu, M.
, 110, 112, 113

Nation, State and Economy (Mises)
, 62–63

National Committee to Study the Antitrust Law
, 139–140

Naturalism
, 11–12, 39

meta-naturalism
, 12

Natural science. See Science

“The Nature of the Firm” (Coase)
, 135

Neoclassical economics vs. behavioural economics
, 112–113

Neuroeconomics
, 111–112

New Classical economists
, 58

New York University (NYU)
, 85

Nondogmatic critique
, 14

Northcott, Robert
, 34

“A Note on Professor Clark’s Illustration of Marginal Productivity” (Knight)
, 161

Nudging
, 115

Odenbaugh, J.
, 97

Originality
, 137

Osman, M.
, 115

Overhead costs
, 164–168

as a case of increasing returns
, 166

defined
, 164

Pareto, Vilfredo
, 83, 160

Patterns of Discovery (Hanson)
, 4

Peirce, Charles S.
, 15, 16

Perfect competition
, 136–137

assumption
, 145–146

being unrealistic
, 145

criticism of
, 136–137

pure competition vs.
, 145

transaction costs under
, 145

Personal Knowledge (Polanyi)
, 71

Pfouts, Bill
, 83

Pheby, John
, 87

Philosophy of science
, 10, 39

Philosophy of the Social Sciences
, 85

Pigou, A. C.
, 143

Pluralism
, 12, 14, 24–25, 60–61

Polanyi, Michael
, 61, 71

Policy

evidence for
, 107–109

modern economics
, 27

Policy interventions
, 115

Popper, Karl
, 24, 38

Positivism
, 20–22

Praxeology
, 59

Prediction
, 31–32, 47–51

Predictive success
, 23

deductivism
, 31–32

Pre-eminence of theory (PET) perspective
, 103

Prices and Production (Hayek)
, 66

Price theory
, 129

Primitive discipline
, 133–134

“The Problem of Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth”
, 65

“The Problem of Social Cost” (Coase)
, 128, 129, 142, 143, 144

Prychitko, Dave
, 88

Public policy
, 128

Public utilities

Coase’s analyses of
, 135

Quasi-experimental approach
, 104

Rabin, M.
, 110

Randomised controlled trials (RCT)
, 107–109

Rational choice theory
, 109

RCT. See Randomised controlled trials (RCT)

Reference model
, 133

Reiss, Julien
, 33, 41, 99, 101, 105, 108

Republic of Science (Polanyi)
, 61, 71

Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology
, 84

Review of Political Economy
, 87

Rice, C.
, 42–43, 46, 48–49, 50–51

Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (Knight)
, 65, 161, 166

Rivalry and Central Planning (Lavoie)
, 69

Robbins, Lionel
, 38

Robustness analysis
, 97–98

Rohwer, Y.
, 42–43, 46, 48–49, 50–51

Russo, F.
, 105–106

Russo-Williamson thesis
, 106

Samuels, Warren
, 83–84

Samuelson, Paul
, 12, 16, 58, 59, 72, 74, 83, 160

Scheall, Scott
, 82

Schickore, J.
, 106

Schumpeter, Joseph
, 62

Science

accumulation of knowledge
, 137, 141, 144

deductivist conception of. See Deductivism

event regularities
, 25–26

Hayek’s thought on
, 67–68

inquiry in
, 68

maturity of
, 133

reference model
, 133

Scientific models
, 39–40

Scientism, Hayek’s critique of
, 67–68

“Scientism and the Study of Society” (Hayek)
, 87

Sent, Esther-Mirjam
, 110

Simons, Henry
, 129, 130

Sims, C. A.
, 101–102

Smith, Adam
, 11, 46, 58

Socialism
, 61–71

central economic planning
, 63, 70

concept
, 63

economic calculation under
, 63–64

Hayek and
, 66–68

Lavoie and
, 69–71

static equilibrium model
, 70

von Mises on
, 63–66

Social overheard cost
, 168

Social sciences
, 67

inquiry in
, 68

Social-scientific inquiry
, 71

Social scientists
, 87

“Some Fallacies in the Interpretation of Social Cost” (Knight)
, 166

Soros, George
, 27–28

South African Journal of Economics
, 83–84

Southern Economic Association
, 84

Southern Economic Journal
, 84

South Royalton conference in 1974
, 71

Spanos, Aris
, 103

Static equilibrium models
, 70

Stein, Solomon
, 88

Stigler, George
, 128–129

on antitrust
, 139–141

Chamberlin’s criticism
, 130–131

on discipline
, 141

on empirical work
, 138, 139

on legal scholars
, 139

letter to Friedman
, 132–133

on originality
, 137–138

on scientific progress
, 137–138

Theory of Price
, 128, 130

on Triffin’s work
, 131

See also Coase theorem

Stiglitz, Joseph
, 28

Storr, Virgil
, 88

Structural vector autoregressions (SVARs)
, 102

Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Kuhn)
, 4

Studies in the Economics of Overhead Costs (Clark)
, 161, 164

Substantial assumptions
, 97

Sugden, R.
, 114

SVAR. See Structural vector autoregressions (SVAR)

Swann, G. M. P.
, 108

Tarascio, Vincent
, 83

Taylor, Fred
, 64, 65, 70

Theory
, 131

Chamberlin’s views on
, 131, 132

modern economics
, 27

realism and
, 131

Triffin’s views on
, 131, 132

“The Theory of Complex Phenomena” (Hayek)
, 68

The Theory of Money and Credit (Mises)
, 62

Theory of Price (Stigler)
, 128

critical review
, 130

Transaction costs
, 128

under perfect competition
, 145

“The Trend of Economic Thinking” (Hayek)
, 66

Triffin, Robert
, 130

Truth and Method (Gadamer)
, 71

Union for Radical Political Economy (URPE)
, 83

University of Chicago
, 160

University of North Carolina (UNC)
, 82

URPE. See Union for Radical Political Economy (URPE)

Utility theory
, 130, 133, 134

VAR. See Vector autoregression (VAR)

Varian, H. R.
, 95

Veblen, T.
, 28–30

Vector autoregression (VAR)
, 101–102

Verreault-Julien, P.
, 99–100

Vienna Circle
, 87

Viner, Jacob
, 129

Von Mises, Ludwig
, 13, 59, 62–66, 69–71

Vromen, J.
, 111–112

WEA. See World Economics Association (WEA)

Welch, Joseph Nye
, 86

Welfare economics
, 113–114

See also Behavioural economics

Whitehead, A. N.
, 24

Wicksteed, Philip

letter to Clark
, 160

Pareto’s influence on
, 160

“Wicksteed’s Recantation of the Marginal Productivity Theory” (Dorfman)
, 160

Williamson, J.
, 106

Wimsatt, W. C.
, 97, 99

World Economics Association (WEA)
, 31

Ylikoski, P.
, 100

YouTube
, 27

Zeitgeist
, 13

Zero transaction costs
, 145, 146, 147, 148

Book Chapters

Prelims
Part I A Symposium on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism After 35 Years
Introduction to a Symposium on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism after 35 Years
A Countercultural Methodology: Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism at Thirty-Five
Beyond Deductivism
Hypothetical Pattern Explanations in Economic Science: Hayek’s Explanation of the Principle and Pattern Prediction Meets Contemporary Philosophy of Science
Why Methodology Matters: Reflections on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism
Reflecting on Beyond Positivism at Thirty-Five
Part II Essays
Recent Trends in Economic Methodology: A Literature Review
Why Is “Stigler’s Coase Theorem” Stiglerian? A Methodological Explanation
Part III From the Vault
John M. Clark and Frank H. Knight on the Adding-Up Theorem, Overhead Costs, and More
Index
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