Index
Gendering Struggles against Informal and Precarious Work
ISBN: 978-1-78769-368-5, eISBN: 978-1-78769-367-8
ISSN: 0198-8719
Publication date: 10 December 2018
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2018), "Index", Gendering Struggles against Informal and Precarious Work (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 35), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 169-177. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0198-871920180000035009
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2019 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Act of Equal Employment and Support for Work-Family Reconciliation
, 165n4
Act on Protection of Fixed-Term and Part-Time Employees
, 165n4
Action Center for Women’s Unemployment
, 154
AFSCME
, 73n5, 133
AIDWA
, 41
AITUC
, 52–53
AKKKU
, 39–40, 47
Alt-labor movement
, 2, 64
gender, immigration, and women’s leadership
, 65–69
Ambassadors Program
, 72
American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)
, 21, 64, 70
Asian Financial Crisis
, 153
BC Federation of Labour (BCFED)
, 118n1
BC Government and Employees Union (BCGEU)
, 118n1
Black women worker’s identity
, 132–133
Bracero Program
, 96n9
“Breadwinner reproductive bargain”
, 150
British Columbia, organizing domestic workers in
, 102–103
British Columbia Supreme Court (BCSC)
, 102
“Bronx Slave Market”
, 61–62
Building recognition and reversing shame
, 40–45
Building Service Employees International Union (SEIU)
, 130, 133
CACEH/SINACTRAHO
, 135, 142n5
Canada
collective organizing without collective workplace
, 109–112
domestic workers
, 18
domestic workers and/or domestic work
, 114–116
Employment Equity Act
, 117
female domestic workers
, 18
Filipino domestic workers in
, 16
gender, stepwise migration, and mobilization
, 112–114
LCP in
, 104, 106–107
organizing domestic workers in
, 102
regulatory environment for FDM
, 105–109
Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)
, 108
Canadian Labour Congress (CLC)
, 118n1
Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE)
, 118n1
Capital
, 150
development scripts on
, 37–39
Capitalism
, 21–22, 30–31
“dual systems” approach to
, 32
dualist vs. unitary system of
, 32–34
market-based or neoliberal
, 8
neoliberal
, 8
Caregiver Program (see Live-in Caregiver Program (LCP))
Casual workers (see “Sub-contracted” workers)
Catholic Worker Youth movement (JOC movement)
, 131
Center for Support and Training of Household Employees (CACEH)
, 13, 131–132, 138
Child Labour Act
, 39
Child Welfare Committee
, 39
CIVIC
, 46, 48
Civil Rights Act
, 62
Classification struggles
, 124
Collective action
gender as organizing principle of
, 11–14
gender effects on workers’
, 4
Collective efforts to challenge precarity and informality
, 2
Collective of Indigenous Women Domestic Household Workers (COLMITH)
, 131–132, 136–137
Collective of Indigenous Women Household Workers
, 125
Collective organizing without collective workplace
, 109–112
Committee for Domestic Workers and Caregiver Rights (CDWCR)
, 118n1
Communist Party of India (CPI)
, 53
Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPM)
, 41
CONLACTRAHO
, 132
Consciousness-raising approach
, 159–160
Construction work
, 34, 36
dualist model of
, 45–48
Construction workers’ struggles, gender in
, 14–15
Containers
, 92
Crisis, The
, 61
Cultural activities
, 110
“Cunning of history”
, 38
“Dangerous liaison” with neoliberal states
, 149–151
Data triangulation
, 83
Day labor
, 61–63
new forms of organizing
, 63–65
Day laborers
, 60, 63–64
gendered patterns of organizing among
, 69–72
organizing demands
, 60
Decommodification struggles
, 150
gendered politics of
, 153–155
Deep systemic transformation
, 116
Delhi Garelu Kamgar Sangathan (DGKS)
, 42–44, 50
Delhi Shramik Sangatan
, 50
Development scripts
, 37
and feminist opportunities
, 39–40
on gender and capital
, 37–39
Dismantling of wage standards
, 8
Domestic helpers
, 151, 159
Domestic work
, 26n4, 34–35, 61–63, 114–116, 151
and feminist NGOs as livelihood strategy
, 155–158
in India
, 50–51
in Mexico and US
, 125–128
new forms of organizing
, 63–65
unitary model of
, 40–45
Domestic workers
, 42, 60–61, 63–64, 114–116
activism of
, 128–129
activists
, 142n2
gender in domestic workers’ struggles
, 12–14
gendered patterns of organizing among
, 69–72
in India
, 35
interviews with
, 34–35
in Mexico and US
, 127–128
mobilizations
, 11
movement
, 72, 123
organizations
, 13, 40
practical difficulties of organizing
, 161–162
Domestic Workers United (DWU)
, 133
Domestic Workers’ Forum (DWF)
, 41
Double bind of manhood
, 85–86
masculine differences
, 86–89
Double movement
, 150
“Dual systems” approach
, 14–15, 32–33
Dualist
model of construction
, 45–48
of patriarchy and capitalism
, 32–34
Economic “self-reliance”
, 149
Elite feminists and unions
, 128–130
Emancipatory movements
, 150
Embodiment
, 48
Employment Insurance Act
, 165n4
Employment Retirement Benefit Security Act
, 165n4
Employment Security Act
, 164n4
Employment Standards Act
, 106
Empowerment
, 149
Encampment, masculinity in
, 90–94
Entrepreneurial activity
, 69
Entrepreneurialism
, 21, 70–71
Equal Remuneration Act
, 46
Equal Right Equal Pay
, 46
Exclusionary axis, gender as
, 50–51
Fair Labor Standards Act
, 61
Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) (FLSA)
, 130
Federation of Women Workers Trade Unions (FWTU)
, 154, 165n12
FEDINA
, 47
Female-dominated leadership and membership
, 23
Female/feminist (see also Masculinities)
consciousness
, 67
female-dominated occupations
, 17
female-headed households
, 44
immigrants
, 67
opportunities
, 39–40
scholars
, 81
theory
, 53
Feminist NGOs
, 148
and domestic work as livelihood strategy
, 155–158
South Korean feminist
, 149–151
Filipino community in Vancouver
, 115
Filipino domestic workers
, 103–104, 107
collective organizing without collective workplace
, 109–112
gender, stepwise migration, and mobilization
, 112–114
Foreign Domestic Workers (FDM)
, 105
regulatory environment for
, 105–109
Formal work (see also Informal work)
, 8
Frame alignment
, 13, 124
Frame bridging
, 13, 124
Framework Act on Social Security
, 165n9
Gender
, 2, 3, 80–82, 112–114, 122
of alt-labor movement
, 65–69
as connector across social institutions
, 51–52
in construction workers’ struggles
, 14–15
development scripts on
, 37–39
effectiveness
, 23–24
effects on workers’ collective action
, 4
equality
, 65
as exclusionary axis
, 50–51
beyond gendered division of labor
, 15–17
as hindrance to labor organizing
, 49–50
informal workers’ reformist politics
, 21–23
interests
, 124
as necessary
, 52–53
as organizing principle of collective action
, 11–14
relations
, 66
relationship with other identities
, 19–21
scripts
, 104
theory research in masculinity area
, 80
women’s leadership and membership
, 17–19
“Gender and development” scholars (GAD scholars)
, 37–38
“Gender-specific experiences of low-wage immigrant workers”
, 11
Gendered labor subjects re-constitution
, 37
development scripts and feminist opportunities
, 39–40
development scripts on gender and capital
, 37–39
dualist model of construction
, 45–48
embodiment
, 48
unitary model of domestic work
, 40–45
Gendered labor subjects re-shaping labor organizing
, 49
exclusionary axis, gender as
, 50–51
gender as necessary
, 52–53
labor organizing, gender as hindrance to
, 49–50
social institutions, gender as connector across
, 51–52
Gendered politics of decommodification struggles
, 153–155
Gendered status
, 82
Geographies of organizing
, 111–112
Ghar Kamgar Sangathana
, 51
Gharelu Kamgaar Sangh (GKS)
, 40
Gharkamgar Molkarni Sanghatana
, 52
Globalization
, 80–81
Grassroots priorities
, 158–161
Great Compression
, 61
Great Depression
, 62
Guest worker
across history and geography
, 83–85
labor camps
, 90
Gulf Cooperative Countries (GCC)
, 84, 96n5, 96n6
Health Employees Union (HEU)
, 118n1
Hegemonic masculinities
, 80–82
construction
, 89–94
Hegemonic masculinities (see also Masculinities)
, 80–82
construction
, 89–94
Hegemony
, 89
Heteronormativity
, 89
Home-based workers
, 142n3
Homecare-worker unions
, 133
House managers
, 159
Household-worker mobilization in US
, 130
Housework
, 151
Identity claims
, 124
“Identity-based movements”
, 3
Immigrant organizing
gendered patterns among day laborers and domestic workers
, 69–72
new forms of
, 63–65
Immigration of alt-labor movement
, 65–69
India
connecting theory to praxis
, 32–34
construction work
, 34, 36
domestic work in
, 34–35, 50–51
domestic workers in
, 18, 35
domestic workers’ organizations in
, 17, 40
female domestic workers
, 18
gendered labor subjects re-constitution
, 37–48
gendered labor subjects re-shape labor organizing
, 49–53
informal worker organizations in
, 13–14
marginal workers
, 19
NGOs and community-based groups
, 12
patriarchy–capitalism relationship
, 30–32
Indian labor unions
, 40
Indian manufacturing
, 54n1
India–NAWA Oil Industry Migratory Circuit
, 84–85
India–NAWA–US migratory pathway
, 84
Individualistic orientation of day laborers
, 70
Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act
, 165n4
Informal labor
, 30–31
Informal work
, 2, 8, 141n1
conceptualization through gendered lens
, 7–11
gender as organizing principle of collective action
, 11–14
Informal workers
, 2–5, 10, 23, 30–31, 122
collective action strategies
, 11–12
female leadership and membership
, 18–19
movements
, 7, 12, 31
organizations
, 7, 23, 31
organizations in India
, 13–14
reformist politics
, 21–23
struggles
, 30–35
women leaders
, 18
Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
, 129
International Domestic Workers Federation (IDWF)
, 132, 149
International Labour Organisation (ILO)
, 17, 37
International Migrants Alliance (IMA)
, 118n1
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
, 153
Intersectional forms of subordinated masculinity
, 80
Intersectional histories (see also Overdetermined fortunes)
, 122–123, 128
elite feminists and unions
, 128–130
literature on
, 123–125
new social movements
, 130–134
Intersectional identities
, 124
Intersectionality
, 32–33
Intimate labor
, 71
“Intra-country migrant” identity
, 138–139
INTUC
, 45
Job segregation
, 69
Karnataka State Construction Workers Central Union (KSCWCU)
, 48
Korean Chinese migrant women
, 152–153
Korean Women Workers Association (KWWA)
, 13, 149–151, 154–155, 157, 164n2, 165n10
NHMC
, 156
Self-sufficiency Promotion Center
, 158–159
Korean Women’s Development Institute
, 164n3
Korean Women’s Trade Union (KWTU)
, 154, 156–157
Labor brokerage firms
, 96n6
Labor movements
, 3
Labor organizing/organizers
gender as hindrance to
, 49–50
re-constituting gendered labor subjects
, 37–48
Labor rights
, 3, 10
Labor Standards Act (1953)
, 164n4
Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)
, 109
Live-in Caregiver Program (LCP)
, 104, 106–107, 109, 114
“Live-in” domestic workers
, 35
“Live-out” domestic workers
, 35
Low Skill Pilot Program
, 103
Low-skill TFW programs
, 108
Low-wage immigrant workers
, 60, 65
Male-breadwinner reproductive bargain
, 153
Marginalized women workers
, 137–138
Marginalized workers
, 134
“Market-based” capitalism
, 8
Marxist feminist
, 33
Masculine differences
, 86–89
Masculine vulnerabilities
, 80
double bind of manhood
, 85–89
hegemonic masculinity construction
, 89–94
migration, gender, and masculinity studies
, 80–82
multisite ethnography
, 82–83
Masculinities (see also Female/feminist; Hegemonic masculinities)
, 80
in encampment
, 90–94
exploitation
, 82
gender theory research in
, 80
guest workers across history and geography
, 83–85
studies
, 80–82
Mexican National Network of Domestic Workers
, 131
Mexican Telephone Workers’ Union (STRM)
, 132
Mexico
domestic work
, 125–128
domestic workers’ organizations
, 17
domestic-worker activism in
, 129
domestic-worker organizing
, 122
female domestic workers
, 18
intersectional histories
, 128–134
marginal workers
, 19
overdetermined fortunes
, 134–140
worker’s methodology
, 125
Migrant Workers’ Centre (see West Coast Domestic Workers’ Association (WCDWA))
Migrante BC
, 5, 11, 13, 16–18, 102–103, 105, 110, 116, 117–118n1
Migrante organizers
, 103–104
Migrante’s approach
, 104–105
Migration
, 80–82
Minimum Wage Act
, 164n4
Ministry of Employment and Labor
, 165n6
Ministry of Gender Equality and Family
, 165n5
Mobilization
, 112–114
MORENA
, 138
Mujeres Unidas y Activas (MUA)
, 133
Multicultural working women’s identity
, 133
Multisite ethnography
, 82–83
Mutually constitutive identities
, 3
Nari Shakti Manch
, 39
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
, 61
National Association of Domestic Workers (ANTD)
, 129–130
National Committee on Household Employment (NCHE)
, 130
National Day Laborer Organizing Network (NDLON)
, 64, 70
National Domestic Workers Alliance (NDWA)
, 64, 71, 125, 134–135
National House Managers Cooperative (NHMC)
, 16, 149–151, 156–157, 159, 162, 164n2, 166n19
consciousness-raising approach
, 159–160
Organizational Development
, 156
pressure campaign
, 162
National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
, 61, 130
National Network
, 135
National Sample Survey (NSS)
, 35, 54n2
National Statistics Office
, 151
National Union of Men and Women Domestic Workers (SINACTRAHO)
, 23–24, 132, 138
NDWM-Delhi
, 49–50
Neoliberal
capitalism
, 8
forces
, 38
powers
, 38–39
Network of Women Household Workers of Guerrero State (RMEHO)
, 131–132, 136
New Deal law
, 61–62, 130
New international division of labor
, 81
New social movements
, 3, 130–134
New York City “slave market”
, 65
New York City-based Domestic Workers Union
, 130
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
, 148, 155
role in welfare provision
, 165n13
Noncitizenship
, 116
North Africa and West Asia (NAWA)
, 78–79, 95–96n1, 96n2
Northern California Coalition for Immigrant Rights
, 133
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
, 165n5
Overcrowded trailers
, 92
Overdetermined fortunes (see also Intersectional histories)
, 122–123, 134–135
COLMITH and RMEHO
, 136–137
contemporary US domestic-worker organizations
, 137
“intra-country migrant” identity
, 138–139
literature on
, 123–125
marginalized women workers
, 137–138
NDWA
, 135–136
sympathy without solidarity
, 139
US domestic-worker movement
, 139–140
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)
, 115
Paid domestic workforce in South Korea
, 151–153
Paid women workers
, 125–126
Patriarchy
, 30–31
“dual systems” approach to
, 32
dualist vs. unitary system of
, 32–34
Patriarchy–capitalism relationship
, 30–32
“Pink-collar jobs”
, 17
Political opportunity structure
, 123
Political process theory of social movements
, 123
“Politics of recognition” of feminized occupations
, 42
Precarious work
, 2, 8–9
conceptualization through gendered lens
, 7–11
gender as organizing principle of collective action
, 11–14
Precarious workers
, 2–5, 10
Precarity
, 8
Productive welfarism
, 155
Professionalism
, 21, 160
Public-sector unionism
, 65
Pune Zila Ghar Kamgar Sangathana
, 41
Racialized minorities
, 134
Radcliffe seminar
, 4–5
Ranchero masculinity
, 69
“Recognition”
, 42
Resident Welfare Associations (RWAs)
, 39
Resource mobilization theory
, 123
“Respectable femininities”
, 43
Rhetoric of hegemonic masculinity
, 91
Salaried Domestic Workers’ Support Center (CATDA)
, 131, 136
“Self-employed” workers
, 35
Self-sufficiency Promotion Centers
, 155
Seoul Women Workers Trade Union (SWTU)
, 154, 165n12
Sexual Harassment Committee
, 45–46
Shramik Mahila Morcha
, 41
Social institutions, gender as connector across
, 51–52
Social relationship
, 10
Social reproduction
, 33–34, 104, 115–116
Social Security Act
, 61
Socialist feminist
, 33
South Korea
domestic workers’ organizations
, 17, 22
female domestic workers
, 18
feminist labor NGOs in
, 17
gendered politics of decommodification struggles
, 153–155
grassroots priorities, harsh realities
, 158–161
NGOs in
, 23
paid domestic workforce
, 151–153
practical difficulties of organizing domestic workers
, 161–162
South Korean feminist labor NGOs
, 149–151
workers’ identity
, 21
Sponsoring employers
, 78–79, 82–83, 86, 90, 93
Standard employment relationship (SER)
, 9–10, 26n3, 30–31
“Standing claims”
, 124
State regulation
, 30
Statistics Korea
, 165n5
Stepwise migration in Canada
, 112–114
Stereotypes of feminine docility
, 13
Strategy-Organizing-Leadership (SOL)
, 135
“Sub-contracted” workers
, 36
Subordinated masculinities
, 81
Suburban Sweatshops (Gordon)
, 64
Sympathy without solidarity
, 134, 139
Tactical subjectivities
, 13
Tally’s Corner (Liebow)
, 62
Temporary foreign worker program (TFW program)
, 103, 108
Temporary workers
, 90
industries
, 78
programs
, 82, 85–86
Theory to praxis
, 32–34
Trabajo doméstico
, 151
“Tragic linearity”
, 117
UNIFOR
, 118n1
Unitary model
of domestic work
, 40–45
of exploitation
, 32
of patriarchy and capitalism
, 32–34
United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW)
, 118n1
United States (US)
day labor
, 61–63
domestic work
, 61–63, 125–128
domestic-worker activism in
, 129
domestic-worker organizing
, 122
female domestic workers
, 18
gendered patterns of organizing
, 69–72
Guest Worker Program
, 78–80, 83–85
intersectional histories
, 128–134
male and female immigrants
, 60
migrant labor camps
, 78
new forms of organizing
, 63–65
oil industry
, 96n3
overdetermined fortunes
, 134–140
professionalism and entrepreneurialism
, 21
race and ethnicity of US domestic workers
, 127
worker’s methodology
, 125
workers’ identity
, 20
United Steelworkers (USW)
, 118n1
Vancouver and District Labour Council (VDLC)
, 118n1
Wage Claim Guarantee Act
, 164–165n4
Wage Theft in America (Bobo)
, 64
West Coast Domestic Worker Association (WCDWA)
, 108–109, 117–118n1
“Women in development” scholars (WID scholars)
, 37–38
Women in Informal Employment Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO)
, 164n1
Women workers
, 128, 138
marginalized
, 137–138
Women’s leadership
of alt-labor movement
, 65–69
and membership
, 17–19
Word Development Report on Gender Equality and Development (2012)
, 38
Worker centers
, 60, 64–66
movement
, 64–65
Workers Action Center (WAC)
, 118n1
Working women
, 122–123
World Bank
, 37
Worthiness, unity, numbers, and commitment (WUNC)
, 124
YWCA
, 130, 152, 164n2, 166n14, 166n17
- Prelims
- Gendering Struggles against Informal and Precarious Work
- From Theory to Praxis and Back to Theory: Informal Workers’ Struggles against Capitalism and Patriarchy in India
- Low-Wage Worker Organizing and Advocacy in the USA: Comparing Domestic Workers and Day Laborers
- Masculine Vulnerabilities: The Double Bind of Manhood in Global Migration
- Organizing Filipina Domestic Workers in Vancouver, Canada: Gendered Geographies and Community Mobilization
- Intersectional Histories, Overdetermined Fortunes: Understanding Mexican and US Domestic Worker Movements
- Feminist Entanglements with the Neoliberal Welfare State: NGOS and Domestic Worker Organizing in South Korea
- Index