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A computational approach from design to degradation of additively manufactured scaffold for bone tissue engineering application

Mohit Kumar (Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India)
Shubham Shankar Mohol (Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India)
Varun Sharma (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India)

Rapid Prototyping Journal

ISSN: 1355-2546

Article publication date: 8 June 2022

Issue publication date: 14 October 2022

579

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to develop a computational approach to analyze the mechanical behavior, perfusion bioreactor test and degradation of the designed scaffolds. Five types of pore architecture scaffolds have been made using a computer-aided designed tool and fabricated through fused deposition modeling.

Design/methodology/approach

Compressive structural analysis has been performed using the finite element method to forecast the mechanical performance of the scaffolds. Also, the experimental study was done to validate the simulation outcomes. A computational fluid dynamic analysis was performed to ascertain the fluid pressure distribution, velocity profile, wall shear stress, strain rate and permeability of scaffolds. The interconnected pore architecture of the scaffolds plays a crucial role in enhancing the mechanical properties and fluid flow characteristics.

Findings

The scaffolds with continuous vertical support columns resulted in better strength because they provide better ways to transfer the load. The pore architecture of the scaffold plays a significant role in the path of fluid flow. Scaffolds with regular interconnected pore architecture showed better accessibility of the fluid. The degradation analysis showed that the degradation rate is dependent on the architecture of the scaffolds because of different surface area to volume ratios.

Originality/value

The simulation results provide a straightforward prediction of the scaffold suitability in terms of mechanical strength, perfusion and degradation behavior.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the financial support provided by SERB-DST (SER-1455-MID) and UCOST (UST-1380-MID), India. The support provided by the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, is also acknowledged.

Citation

Kumar, M., Mohol, S.S. and Sharma, V. (2022), "A computational approach from design to degradation of additively manufactured scaffold for bone tissue engineering application", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 28 No. 10, pp. 1956-1967. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-12-2021-0336

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited

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