Effective adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution using polystyrene grafted with zeolite

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to prepare Polystyrene grafted with Zeolite Y (Zeosty) for Uranyl ion [U(VI)] adsorption from aqueous solution. The adsorption mechanism has been explained by studying kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic models.

Design/methodology/approach

Polystyrene was grafted with Zeosty by a simple hydrothermal technique. Zeosty was characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray and Infrared spectroscopy to confirm its structure and its molecular composition. Zeosty was used for U(VI) adsorption from an aqueous solution in a series of batch experiments. The effects of pH, contact time, initial U(VI) concentration and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated.

Findings

The results showed that the adsorption of U(VI) on the prepared reached equilibrium at pH 6 with a removal efficiency of 98.9%. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms models are studied on the experimental data to estimate the mechanism of the adsorption reaction was chemisorption and homogenous reaction. The activity of Zeosty increased at high temperatures, resulting in the adsorption capacity increase. Thermodynamic parameters ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo indicate that the adsorption processes are spontaneous and endothermic. Zeosty has an effective surface and could be considered a valuable adsorbent for U(VI) removal from aqueous waste. A comparison study proves that the new adsorbent has high effective behavior in the adsorption process, and it is considered a new reliable adsorbent for U(VI) removal from wastewater.

Originality/value

This study is complementary to the previous study using the same technique to prove that the effective fine particle adsorbents need solid support to enhance their absorption capacities.

Citation

Elhefnawy, O.A. and Elabd, A.A. (2023), "Effective adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution using polystyrene grafted with zeolite", Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol. 52 No. 6, pp. 714-723. https://doi.org/10.1108/PRT-02-2022-0021