A review of work–life programs and organizational outcomes

Abstract

Purpose

Work–life programs research has been conducted at the individual and organizational levels, yet one important question remains unanswered: Do work–life programs improve organizational outcomes?

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a systematic literature review of the impact of work–life programs (bundles versus separate programs) on outcomes at the organizational level. A systematic selection process was adopted, resulting in a final sample of 35 articles published in 26 peer-reviewed journals from 1990 to 2019.

Findings

The findings suggest that these programs can result in positive, negative or no impact on organizational outcomes, depending on the study design, industry, organization size and country/region.

Originality/value

This review draws on quantitative and qualitative empirical studies to summarize, explain and refine the business case for work–life programs. The resulting framework provides directions for future research.

Citation

Akter, K., Ali, M. and Chang, A. (2022), "A review of work–life programs and organizational outcomes", Personnel Review, Vol. 51 No. 2, pp. 543-563. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2020-0132