To read this content please select one of the options below:

Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics

Eugene A. Paoline III (Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA)
Jacinta M. Gau (University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA)

Policing: An International Journal

ISSN: 1363-951X

Article publication date: 28 October 2022

Issue publication date: 17 February 2023

734

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the current study was to augment the police culture and stress literature by empirically examining the impact of features of the internal and external work environment, as well as officer characteristics, on police officer stress.

Design/methodology/approach

The current empirical inquiry utilized survey data collected from street-level officers in a mid-sized urban police department in a southern region of the United States (n = 349).

Findings

This study revealed that perceived danger, suspicion of citizens and cynicism toward the public increased police occupational stress, while support from supervisors mitigated it. In addition, Black and Latinx officers reported significantly less stress than their White counterparts.

Research limitations/implications

While this study demonstrates that patrol officers' perceptions of the external and internal work environments (and race/ethnicity) matter in terms of occupational stress, it is not without limitations. One limitation related to the generalizability of the findings, as results are gleaned from a single large agency serving a metropolitan jurisdiction in the Southeast. Second, this study focused on cultural attitudes and stress, although exact connections to behaviors are more speculative. Finally, the survey took place prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the killing of George Floyd (and others), which radically shook police–community relationships nationwide.

Practical implications

Police administrators should be cognizant of the importance that views of them have for patrol officer stress levels. Moreover, police trainers and supervisors concerned with occupational stress of their subordinates should work toward altering assignments and socialization patterns so that officers are exposed to a variety of patrol areas, in avoiding prolonged assignments of high social distress.

Originality/value

The study augmented the police culture and stress literature by empirically uncovering the individual-level sources of patrol officers' job-related stress. This study builds off of Paoline and Gau's (2018) research using data collected some 15 years ago by examining a more contemporary, post–Ferguson, context.

Keywords

Citation

Paoline III, E.A. and Gau, J.M. (2023), "Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics", Policing: An International Journal, Vol. 46 No. 1, pp. 194-208. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-07-2022-0102

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited

Related articles