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The positive effect of the pH and volume of fluid intake on kidney stones in adult men

Fahimeh Esnaasharan (Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Mansour Alizadeh (Department of Urology, Imam Khomeini Educational Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Parvin Ayremlou (Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)
Rasoul Zarrin (Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran)

Nutrition & Food Science

ISSN: 0034-6659

Article publication date: 7 December 2020

Issue publication date: 4 August 2021

189

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between pH of water or other daily fluid intake and risk of kidney stones in adult men.

Design/methodology/approach

This case–control study included 120 adult men with kidney stones and 240 healthy controls matched by age. Participants were selected from the Urmia Imam Khomeini Educational Hospital in the northwest of Iran by the available sampling method between 2017 and 2018. The mean total daily fluid intake of the subjects over the past one year period was collected using a validated 139-item Food Frequency Questionnaire, and the pH of drinking water samples consumed over the past six months was determined using an electrochemical pH meter. Information on physical activity level and socio-demographic characteristics of all participants was collected.

Findings

The mean pH of daily water consumption was 7.1 ± 250.3 and 7.4%± 250.3 in case and control groups, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for the covariates 25 a significant relationship was detected between the pH of drinking water (not for other fluid intake26) and kidney stone disease (OR = 0.15, CI 0.06–0.4, P > 1. Moreover, no association was found between the volume of total fluid intake and risk of kidney stones.

Originality/value

These findings support potential protective effects of drinking water intake with higher pH level on preventing kidney stones.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

Funding/support: this study was funded/supported by Urmia University of Medical Sciences.

Conflict of interest disclosures: all authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE form for disclosure of potential conflict of interest and none was reported. None of the authors reported a conflict of interest related to the study.

Informed consent: the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Urmia University of Medical Sciences and written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants after explaining the aims of the study to them.

Citation

Esnaasharan, F., Alizadeh, M., Ayremlou, P. and Zarrin, R. (2021), "The positive effect of the pH and volume of fluid intake on kidney stones in adult men", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 51 No. 6, pp. 911-919. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-07-2020-0248

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited

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