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Co-owned resources: IP and data in smart cities

Angeliki Maria Toli (The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management, University College London, London, UK)
Niamh Murtagh (The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management, University College London, London, UK)
Hedley Smyth (The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management, University College London, London, UK)

Journal of Service Theory and Practice

ISSN: 2055-6225

Article publication date: 9 March 2021

Issue publication date: 9 March 2022

277

Abstract

Purpose

Smart city projects typically operate in consortia of actors that lead to the co-creation of jointly owned intellectual property (IP) and data. While IP and data are significant for economic development, there are very limited studies on their co-ownership regimes especially on co-ownership of open data and open intellectual property. This study address this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is qualitative. In total, 62 in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out, with predominantly senior members of organisations actively involved in smart city projects. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Findings

There are three models of co-ownership of IP and data: contractual joint ownership, undetermined or not-yet-determined ownership and open ownership. Each ownership model impacts differently the value-in-use. The relationships between actors in the consortia affect the way in which they co-create IP and data.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates how projects that operate in new models of innovation-led consortia produce new types of resources that are not simply co-created but co-owned. Co-owned resources have different value-in-use for each one of the different actors, independently of the fact that they jointly own them. This is influenced by the type of ownership model and predisposition of the actors to initially share resources and be flexible. Co-owned resources may generate future value propositions, act as interconnected operant resources and lead to the creation of new business models.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

This paper is part of a Special Section dedicated to the Naples Forum on Service, and was guest edited by Professor Cristina Mele, University of Naples “Federico II”, Federico, Italy and Professor Francesco Polese, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.

Citation

Toli, A.M., Murtagh, N. and Smyth, H. (2022), "Co-owned resources: IP and data in smart cities", Journal of Service Theory and Practice, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 156-178. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTP-11-2019-0243

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited

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