Bolt stripping failure and ductility of end plate beam-column connections at ambient and elevated temperatures

Abstract

Purpose

The effect of bolt stripping failure on the ductility of steel end plate beam-column connections has received relatively little investigation to date. The objective with the present work is to establish a validated numerical model of end plate connections at elevated temperatures, which predicts the mechanical behaviour and failure modes observed in the experimental tests including the bolt stripping failure. Furthermore, the validated FE model was used to investigate the effect of stripping failure on both the rotational and load-bearing capacity of end plate connection.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis was conducted on a validated numerical model of end plate connections at elevated temperatures, which predicts the mechanical behaviour and failure modes observed in the experimental tests including the bolt stripping failure. The material was modelled considering ductile damage initiation and evolution featured in ABAQUS/Standard.

Findings

This study demonstrates that thick end plates can prevent stripping failure which significantly improves the rotational capacity of the connection. This failure mode can develop readily with thin end plates; however the effect is often unrealistically mitigated through idealised experimental tests. The rotational capacity of a connection can be 5.0 times higher if stripping failure is avoided, particularly at elevated temperatures. Eurocode 3 part 1.8 does not consider the possibility of stripping failure when discussing the requirements for plastic analysis. It is concluded in the present study that by allowing for the possibility of bolt stripping, the mode of failure can often shift from end plate failure to bolt stripping, this in turn significantly reduces the connection rotational capacity.

Originality/value

The effect of bolt stripping failure on the ductility of steel end plate beam-column connections has received relatively little investigation to date.

Citation

Shaheen, M.A., Cunningham, L.S. and Foster, A.S.J. (2023), "Bolt stripping failure and ductility of end plate beam-column connections at ambient and elevated temperatures", Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSFE-02-2022-0009