Earnings management in non-public companies: the case of for-profit hospice organizations
Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management
ISSN: 1096-3367
Article publication date: 1 March 2017
Abstract
We examine earnings management in non-publicly listed companies, with a focus on for-profit (FP) hospice organizations, and extend the accounting earnings management literature to the hospice industry. FP hospice organizations file Medicare cost reports that include complete financial statements not otherwise publicly available. Managers of FP hospice organizations have incentives to manage earnings to increase performancebased bonuses, meet or beat bond covenant requirements, or avoid public scrutiny. We find total accruals are significantly positively associated with profitability, debt, and size factors. However, discretionary accruals are significantly negatively associated with debt and size, but not profitability. Thus, monitoring and political cost factors appear to effectively mitigate earnings management in this industry sector.
Citation
Noe, K., Forgione, D.A., Smith, P.C. and Liu, H. (2017), "Earnings management in non-public companies: the case of for-profit hospice organizations", Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-29-01-2017-B001
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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