Composite actors as participant protection: methodological opportunities for ethnographers

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to persuade ethnographers to consider using composites for studies in which protecting participants from identification is especially important. It situates the argument in the context of the transparency and data sharing movements' uneven influence across disciplines.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reviews problems in maintaining confidentiality of research participants using pseudonyms and masking. It analyzes existing literature on composites, conditions of composite use and identifies composite actors as a form useful to place-based ethnography. Methodological aspects of composite actor construction are discussed along with potential opportunities composites offer.

Findings

Construction of composite actors is best accomplished by aggregating thematically during deskwork. Composites provide enhanced confidentiality by creating plausible doubt in the reader's mind, in part, through the presentation of aggregate rather than individual-level data.

Originality/value

This discussion advances the methodology of constructing composites, particularly composite actors, providing guidance to increase trustworthiness of ethnographic narratives that employ composites.

Citation

Yim, J.M. and Schwartz-Shea, P. (2022), "Composite actors as participant protection: methodological opportunities for ethnographers", Journal of Organizational Ethnography, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 228-242. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOE-02-2021-0009