Relational models and engagement: an attachment theory perspective

Abstract

Purpose

Researchers have explored contextual antecedents influencing engagement at work; yet, theory and empirical evidence suggest some individuals are more or less engaged than others. Using a relational framework based on attachment theory, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that relational models influence engagement through their influence on psychological availability and psychological safety. Study 1 examined whether attachment influences variability in engagement. Study 2 examined whether these effects could be replicated, and whether attachment influences engagement via individuals’ psychological availability and safety.

Design/methodology/approach

Two field studies using online self-report surveys (Study 1 n=203; Study 2 n=709).

Findings

Attachment-avoidance and attachment-anxiety were independently associated with lower levels of engagement, and psychological conditions mediated these relationships.

Research limitations/implications

Relational models explain predictable variability in engagement. Employees’ ability to engage may be constrained or facilitated by their stable relational models of attachment.

Originality/value

The study is one of the few examining individual differences in engagement.

Citation

Byrne, Z., Albert, L., Manning, S. and Desir, R. (2017), "Relational models and engagement: an attachment theory perspective", Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-01-2016-0006