Jurors’ judgements of an autistic defendant are influenced by awareness of autism, knowledge of psychological conditions and trait-empathy
Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour
ISSN: 2050-8824
Article publication date: 16 November 2022
Issue publication date: 22 November 2022
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate whether awareness of an ASD diagnostic label, knowledge of psychological conditions, and trait-empathy influence mock-jurors’ judgements of an autistic defendant. Some autistic adults have an increased risk of acting illegally and standing trial as a defendant because of their behavioural and cognitive characteristics. In court, they may display behaviours stereotypically perceived by jurors as indicators of guilt (e.g. averted gaze), potentially resulting in negative judgements. However, if autistic defendants disclose their condition, this may positively influence jurors’ judgements by offering an alternative explanation for their behaviour. This effect may be stronger in jurors who are highly knowledgeable about psychological conditions and empathic.
Design/methodology/approach
Non-autistic participants (N = 328; M age = 28.21) read a scenario about a defendant’s crime and courtroom behaviour before judging their character and reporting how empathic they felt towards the defendant. Participants were then informed that the defendant was autistic and provided with information about autism before re-evaluating the defendant. Participants’ empathy and knowledge of psychological conditions, including autism, were measured.
Findings
Participants judged the defendant to be more honest and less blameworthy post-label. Trait empathy was positively associated with honesty ratings and higher levels of self-reported empathy. Overall knowledge was negatively associated with ratings for defendant blameworthiness and likeability. Overall, the findings suggest that autistic defendants may benefit from disclosing their diagnosis as this may result in more favourable juror judgements.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to consider how jurors’ overall knowledge of psychological conditions and trait-empathy may influence judgements of an autistic defendant.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors declare no conflict of interest in this research.
This research did not receive support from any third party.
There is no funding to report for this research.
Citation
Blackhurst, T., Hartley, C., Turner, P. and Warmelink, L. (2022), "Jurors’ judgements of an autistic defendant are influenced by awareness of autism, knowledge of psychological conditions and trait-empathy", Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, Vol. 13 No. 3/4, pp. 90-101. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIDOB-09-2022-0007
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited