Exploring police-resident racial equality and violent crime
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice
ISSN: 2056-3841
Article publication date: 9 March 2015
Abstract
Purpose
Residential segregation based on race/ethnicity is associated with higher crime rates. However, when there is greater diversity within a neighbourhood, there may be less clustering of crime. One sign of such diversity beyond direct measures of racial similarity may be the proportion of minority officers employed by municipal police departments. As such, the purpose of this paper is to test the effect of the proportion of minority police officers on violent crime within minority communities, controlling for residential segregation.
Design/methodology/approach
Multi-level modelling of 91 American cities from the 2000 National Neighbourhood Crime Study was used.
Findings
It was found that as minority populations within census tracts increase, violent crime also increases; and crime is associated with an increase in segregation. However, racial composition of police departments can moderate the impact that community racial composition has on violent crime.
Originality/value
The current findings point to crime control strategies relevant to municipalities which focus on creating neighbourhoods of racial heterogeneity and more diverse police agencies.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The author would like to acknowledge the helpful feedback of Robert Apel, Rod K. Brunson, and Elizabeth Griffiths on earlier drafts of this manuscript.
Citation
Sytsma, V.A. (2015), "Exploring police-resident racial equality and violent crime", Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 4-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-10-2014-0003
Publisher
:Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited