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Classical analysis of preloaded bolted joint load distributions

Michael Welch (Michael A. Welch (Consulting Engineers) Ltd, West Lancashire, UK)

International Journal of Structural Integrity

ISSN: 1757-9864

Article publication date: 13 August 2018

207

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop the understanding of how external loads are reacted through preloaded bolted joints and the interaction of the joint elements. The paper develops ideas from how to do an analysis to understanding the implications of the results.

Design/methodology/approach

Classical methods of analysis are applied to preloaded bolted joints, made with multiple bolts. The paper considers both the detailed analysis of bolts stresses, fatigue analysis and load-based design analysis, to demonstrate the structural integrity of preloaded bolted joints.

Findings

In preloaded joints the external tensile axial load and moments are mainly supported by changes in contact pressure at the faying surface. Only a small proportion of the external loads produce changes in bolt tensile stress. The bolts have a significant mean stress but experience a low working stress range. This low stress range is a factor in explaning why preloaded bolted joints have good fatigue performance.

Practical implications

In many cases the methods presented are adequate to demonstrate the structural integrity of joints. In some cases finite element methods may be more appropriate, and the methods discussed can be used in the validation process.

Originality/value

The paper brings together a number of concepts and links them into a practical design analysis process for preloaded bolted joints. Interpretation of results, within the context of design standards, is provided.

Keywords

Citation

Welch, M. (2018), "Classical analysis of preloaded bolted joint load distributions", International Journal of Structural Integrity, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 455-464. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSI-07-2017-0045

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited

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