18 comparative aspects between Lean and Six Sigma: Complementarity and implications

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to presents a conceptual comparative analysis of Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma, highlighting 18 critical aspects between such approaches and their respective implications for management decision-making.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative approach based on the results obtained from literature review about Lean and Six Sigma.

Findings

The main points of divergence between Lean and Six Sigma have been highlighted based on 18 criteria. Seventeen criteria are proposed as a result of a review of the literature and one criterion, and “quality control”, is suggested by the authors.

Research limitations/implications

This article mitigates the literature gap regarding whether and how Lean and Six Sigma are synergistic approaches.

Practical implications

This study enables decision-makers to evaluate the Lean and Six Sigma practices. The results of the analysis performed originated three observations: first, both approaches are predominantly complementary; second, it is possible to create a single model integrating both approaches studied in this research; and third, when Lean is implemented as stand-alone approach, it falls short of specific tools to leverage its full potential according to the complexity of the problem under consideration.

Originality/value

This paper analyzes which aspects from Lean and Six Sigma can be learnt from organizational change and productivity improvement efforts. The analysis includes a comparison of 18 critical aspects for practical use of Lean and Six Sigma.

Citation

Pacheco, D., Pergher, I., Vaccaro, G.L.R., Jung, C.F. and ten Caten, C. (2015), "18 comparative aspects between Lean and Six Sigma: Complementarity and implications", International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 161-175. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-05-2014-0012