Gendering innovation process in an industrial plant – revisiting tokenism, gender and innovation

Abstract

Purpose

This article provides an analysis of the gendering process in product innovation. Interwoven into this process is the encapsulation of a token position. The article expands and deepens the tokenism theory through a discussion of gender in the innovation process. The article draws from recent and classical theories of gender, ranging from gendering approaches to Acker's theory of gendered organisations and processes within organisations, and Moss Kanter's tokenism theory. The main objective of the article is to address this gap in the tokenicsm discussion and introduce a new concept of “processual tokenism”.

Design/methodology/approach

The article builds on an intensive single case study and uses a narrative methodology and approach in the analysis of the data of the case in question. The primary data used in the narratives consist of interview data. The article also uses documents and reports as secondary data in the narrative construction. The approach used is theoretical, interpretative and qualitative.

Findings

The article provides a detailed narrative of the intertwined nature of the gender position in an organisation and the invention process. One of the outcomes is that the gendering of a product is triggered by tokenism, and that gendering of a product can be interpreted also as a deliberate and successful process. The article contributes to the tokenism theorizing.

Research limitations/implications

The limitations of the article may relate to the specificity of the innovation process in chemical industry that are different to other industrial fields.

Practical implications

The article does not have direct practical implications.

Originality/value

The article contributes to the theory of tokenism by providing an updated and extended version of tokenism and naming it as “processual tokenism”. Furthermore, the article contributes to the debates on gendered organisations by focusing on gendering through tokenism and the persistence of male dominance. Finally, the article contributes to gender theories by introducing the idea and analysing of how the gendering of a product innovation takes place.

Citation

Poutanen, S. and Kovalainen, A. (2013), "Gendering innovation process in an industrial plant – revisiting tokenism, gender and innovation", International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 257-274. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-09-2012-0054