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A critical review of moderation analysis in tourism and hospitality research toward robust guidelines

S. Mostafa Rasoolimanesh (Centre for Research and Innovation in Tourism (CRiT), Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia)
Mingzhuo Wang (Department of Economics and Management, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, China)
Josip Mikulić (Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, and Institute for Tourism, Zagreb, Croatia)
Puvaneswaran Kunasekaran (Centre for Research and Innovation in Tourism (CRiT) and School of Hospitality, Tourism, and Events, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia)

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management

ISSN: 0959-6119

Article publication date: 11 October 2021

Issue publication date: 16 November 2021

1885

Abstract

Purpose

This article aims to propose guidelines to develop moderation hypotheses, assess moderators using the multigroup analysis and interaction effect approaches and interpret the results of moderation analysis in tourism and hospitality research.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a review of 600 articles published in top tourism and hospitality journals from the year 2016 to 2020, and reviewing the literature related to moderation analysis, this study identifies key issues in different steps of moderation analysis and proposes robust guidelines to aid future research.

Findings

The results of the systematic review uncovered some key issues in different steps of moderation analysis, such as hypothesis development, moderation assessment and results interpretation. The findings emphasized the typical methodological misconceptions and improper practices for moderation analysis.

Research limitations/implications

Moderation analysis is of great significance to the advancement of theory, and its application has increased significantly in recent years. However, many studies appear to have a limited understanding of moderation analysis and follow questionable practices regarding hypothesis development, moderation assessment and results interpretation, thus leading to suspicious conclusions for theory advancement. By highlighting these methodological issues, this article provides robust guidelines for moderation analysis, which is of great theoretical and methodological significance to the academic research in tourism and hospitality.

Originality/value

As one of the first studies to provide robust guidelines for moderation analysis, based on a critical and systematic review of papers published in top-tier journals in tourism and hospitality and the latest developments on moderation analysis in the wider literature, this article has important theoretical and methodological significance for the academic research in tourism and hospitality as well as general social science disciplines.

Keywords

Citation

Rasoolimanesh, S.M., Wang, M., Mikulić, J. and Kunasekaran, P. (2021), "A critical review of moderation analysis in tourism and hospitality research toward robust guidelines", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 33 No. 12, pp. 4311-4333. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2021-0272

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited

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