Computational modelling of neonate’s brain cooling

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the computational model of the neonate’s brain cooling process. The main aim of the analysis is to tune the developed computational model, make it convergent and representing the hypothermia therapy reasonably. To find the appropriate model parameters the trial of an inverse analysis, based on the standard least-square method, is performed. Having partially validated model the number of numerical simulations are carried out to compare their results with measurements made during real therapy.

Design Methodology Approach

The geometrical model of the newborn’s body is built using MRI and CT scans utilizing Mimics software and the Design Modeler while Ansys Fluent with its User Defined Function capability was used to implement the whole model and to carry out simulations. To model the bioheat transfer the Pennes bioheat equation is applied. In the mathematical model blood perfusion rate, metabolic heat generation rate as well as the arterial blood temperature are dependent on the tissue temperature. In order to determine the proper values of model parameters of bioheat transport in neonate’s body the attempt to inverse analysis is also performed.

Findings

The performed inverse analysis resulted in the values of model parameters (metabolic heat sources, blood perfusions etc.). Tuned model was then applied to simulate brain cooling process with reasonable accuracy. Obtained model parameters were also compared to the data obtained from neonatologists.

Research limitations implications

The presented numerical model still requires tests and simulations. The results from the inverse analysis based on the real measurements can be very valuable.

Practical implications

The determination of the proper parameters of the bioheat transfer in the neonatal body can finally be used to control the numerical simulations of the brain cooling process. The simulation of the re-warming process after hypothermic therapy can be improved considerably.

Social implications

The performance of the numerical simulations of the brain cooling process in the proper way can finally helps protect newborns’ health and life.

Originality Value

In the paper 3-D real geometrical model of the newborn’s body includes head, torso and limbs and different types of tissues are distinguished in the model. The considered bioheat transfer problem is also fully 3-D. This model is then utilised together with inverse analysis in order to determine the model parameters for the newborn’s body.

Citation

Laszczyk, J.E. and Nowak, A.J. (2016), "Computational modelling of neonate’s brain cooling", International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 26 No. 2, pp. 571-590. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-05-2015-0191