Predicting drug–disease associations by network embedding and biomedical data integration

Abstract

Purpose

The traditional drug development process is costly, time consuming and risky. Using computational methods to discover drug repositioning opportunities is a promising and efficient strategy in the era of big data. The explosive growth of large-scale genomic, phenotypic data and all kinds of “omics” data brings opportunities for developing new computational drug repositioning methods based on big data. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

Here, a new computational strategy is proposed for inferring drug–disease associations from rich biomedical resources toward drug repositioning. First, the network embedding (NE) algorithm is adopted to learn the latent feature representation of drugs from multiple biomedical resources. Furthermore, on the basis of the latent vectors of drugs from the NE module, a binary support vector machine classifier is trained to divide unknown drug–disease pairs into positive and negative instances. Finally, this model is validated on a well-established drug–disease association data set with tenfold cross-validation.

Findings

This model obtains the performance of an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 90.3 percent, which is comparable to those of similar systems. The authors also analyze the performance of the model and validate its effect on predicting the new indications of old drugs.

Originality/value

This study shows that the authors’ method is predictive, identifying novel drug–disease interactions for drug discovery. The new feature learning methods also positively contribute to the heterogeneous data integration.

Citation

Wei, X., Zhang, Y., Huang, Y. and Fang, Y. (2019), "Predicting drug–disease associations by network embedding and biomedical data integration", Data Technologies and Applications, Vol. 53 No. 2, pp. 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTA-01-2019-0004