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Graphene electrodes for voltammetric measurements in biological fluids

Andrzej Peplowski (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Daniel Janczak (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Grzegorz Wróblewski (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Marcin Słoma (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland AND Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Łukasz Górski (Department of Microbioanalytics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Elżbieta Malinowska (Department of Microbioanalytics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Tadeusz Pałko (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
Małgorzata Jakubowska (Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland AND Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland)

Circuit World

ISSN: 0305-6120

Article publication date: 3 August 2015

243

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper was to verify applicability of graphene-based sensors for voltammetric and amperometric measurements of low-concentration compounds in biological fluids.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the screen printing method, electrochemical sensors were manufactured on polymethylmetacrylate foil using a paste consisting of organic solvents and graphene nanopetals. As the model of a biological fluid tear film was chosen, the compound chosen as the analyte was H2O2, which is produced in oxidation of biological compounds. Tear film analog was prepared, in which, the measurements were carried out in a wide range of concentrations to determine the oxidation potential of H2O2 through square-wave voltammetry. The second series of amperometric measurements was carried out for concentrations between 0 and 30 μM/L, which is the lower range of physiological glucose concentration in tear films.

Findings

The sensors presented linearity for concentrations from 0 to 3.5 per cent. Mean linear correlation coefficient between the peak current and the concentration for the examined sensors was 0.9764. Mean sensitivity was 434.4 mA·M−1·L−1.

Research limitations/implications

Results indicate a need for optimization of the sensors ' performance. Main parameters to be improved are surface area of electrodes and purity of the graphene layer, as well as uniformity of the manufacturing process to improve accuracy and repeatability of measurements.

Practical implications

Technology and materials used present an opportunity for creating low-cost, miniaturized and biocompatible sensors to be used in medical monitoring.

Originality/value

Printed electronics technology described was not investigated previously in the field of biological sensors and could contribute to the solving of vital medicine problems.

Keywords

Citation

Peplowski, A., Janczak, D., Wróblewski, G., Słoma, M., Górski, Ł., Malinowska, E., Pałko, T. and Jakubowska, M. (2015), "Graphene electrodes for voltammetric measurements in biological fluids", Circuit World, Vol. 41 No. 3, pp. 112-115. https://doi.org/10.1108/CW-03-2015-0012

Publisher

:

Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

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